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Ugeskrift For Laeger Sep 2022This is a case report of a young woman with diabetes mellitus type 1. She was admitted with severe diabetic ketoacidosis. Asymptomatic "surgical emphysema",...
This is a case report of a young woman with diabetes mellitus type 1. She was admitted with severe diabetic ketoacidosis. Asymptomatic "surgical emphysema", pneumomediastinum and bilateral pneumothoraces were accidently discovered. The emphysema had probably occurred due to laboured breathing and groaning during her diabetic ketoacidosis. No treatment was needed.
Topics: Chest Pain; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Female; Humans; Mediastinal Emphysema; Pneumothorax; Pulmonary Emphysema; Respiration; Subcutaneous Emphysema
PubMed: 36178181
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Accident & Emergency Medicine Sep 1997Spontaneous pneumomediastinum, or Hamman's syndrome, is a rare condition which may present with the symptoms of chest pain, dyspnoea, dysphagia, or neck pain. The signs...
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum, or Hamman's syndrome, is a rare condition which may present with the symptoms of chest pain, dyspnoea, dysphagia, or neck pain. The signs of subcutaneous emphysema and Hamman's crunch (the presence of a crepitance sound that varies with the heartbeat on auscultation of the precordium) are usually present. A case of this syndrome occurring in an elderly patient with none of the recognised risk factors is presented.
Topics: Aged; Chest Pain; Deglutition Disorders; Diagnosis, Differential; Dyspnea; Female; Humans; Mediastinal Emphysema; Neck Pain; Pulse; Radiography; Respiratory Sounds; Risk Factors; Subcutaneous Emphysema; Syndrome
PubMed: 9315940
DOI: 10.1136/emj.14.5.333 -
BMJ Case Reports Mar 2014A 17-year-old male patient presented to A&E with swelling on the right side of his neck, extending to below the clavicle, associated with neck pain and dysphonia. On...
A 17-year-old male patient presented to A&E with swelling on the right side of his neck, extending to below the clavicle, associated with neck pain and dysphonia. On examination, subcutaneous supraclavicular and chest wall emphysema was noted. Clinical observations and bloods were normal. A chest X-ray and subsequent CT of the thorax showed evidence of pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema. The patient denied any history of trauma but admitted to inhalation of mephedrone 3 days previously. The patient was discussed with the regional cardiothoracic unit who advised conservative management. He was treated prophylactically with antibiotics and was initially kept nil by mouth, but diet was introduced 24 h later. He remained well, his dysphonia resolved and his subcutaneous emphysema improved. He was discharged after 3 days. He has not attended any formal follow-up but was well when contacted by phone.
Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Adolescent; Humans; Illicit Drugs; Male; Mediastinal Emphysema; Methamphetamine; Neck; Subcutaneous Emphysema; Thoracic Wall; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 24614784
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2014-203704 -
Deutsches Arzteblatt International Mar 2019
Topics: Adult; Humans; Male; Mediastinal Emphysema; Molar, Third; Neck; Subcutaneous Emphysema; Tooth Extraction
PubMed: 31056088
DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2019.0212a -
BMJ Case Reports Oct 2012A 25-year-old woman with hirsutism presented to the Emergency Department of the medicine faculty in Gaziantep University with a 4-h History of dyspnoea, dysphagia,...
A 25-year-old woman with hirsutism presented to the Emergency Department of the medicine faculty in Gaziantep University with a 4-h History of dyspnoea, dysphagia, coughing, continuous and progressive chest pain radiating to the back and palpation of her neck. The physical examination was significant for diffuse neck and chest subcutaneous emphysema. The x-ray study and CT scan of the chest revealed pneumomediastinum. The patient reported that 6 h before presentation she took spironolactone due to hirsutism and she retched. Retching caused the symptoms. The patient was followed conservatively and fully recovered over the next 7 days. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum developed in this patient with no underlying lung disease, presumably from air leakage secondary to the excessive elevation of intrathoracic pressure due to retching. Pneumomediastinum is an uncommon disease arising most frequently and remains largely underdiagnosed clinically, especially in young, healthy patients.
Topics: Adult; Female; Hirsutism; Humans; Mediastinal Emphysema; Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; Radiography; Spironolactone
PubMed: 23060371
DOI: 10.1136/bcr.03.2009.1647 -
The American Journal of Case Reports Nov 2021BACKGROUND Mediastinal emphysema, also called pneumomediastinum, is a very infrequent condition in patients reporting to an Emergency Department. Mediastinal emphysema...
BACKGROUND Mediastinal emphysema, also called pneumomediastinum, is a very infrequent condition in patients reporting to an Emergency Department. Mediastinal emphysema is the pathologic presence of free air enclosing the mediastinal structures. In the case of chest pain in a young healthy adult, pneumomediastinum as a differential diagnosis will undoubtedly be omitted. This would be especially likely if the symptoms are not preceded by an injury, intense vomiting, or an infection in this area. CASE REPORT We present a case in which a previously healthy 39-year-old woman experienced painless progressive face and neck swelling, dyspnea, and retrosternal pain several hours after a dental procedure. Physical examination revealed crackles on palpation of the skin on the right part of the face, neck, and chest. Neck and chest computed tomography confirmed subcutaneous neck and upper chest emphysema and pneumomediastinum. The patient was transferred to the thoracic surgery ward. After 2 days of prophylactic intravenous administration of antibiotics, she was discharged for further scheduled treatment at the Maxillofacial Surgery Clinic. CONCLUSIONS This report presented a rare case of a woman who reported to the Emergency Department with subcutaneous and mediastinal emphysema following routine molar dental extraction. Emergency Department physicians should be aware of the possibility of delayed complications after standard dental procedures. A detailed medical history and clinical examination will enable making a correct diagnosis so as not to jeopardize the health of a patient, and in the case of the development of mediastinitis, even the patient's life.
Topics: Adult; Face; Female; Humans; Mediastinal Emphysema; Neck; Subcutaneous Emphysema; Tooth Extraction
PubMed: 34739477
DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.931793 -
Emergencias : Revista de La Sociedad... Oct 2022
Topics: Humans; Mediastinal Emphysema; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 36217942
DOI: No ID Found -
Veterinary Medicine and Science Mar 2022Lacerations of the axillary region occur frequently in horses. Typical complications caused by entrapment of air in the wound during locomotion are subcutaneous...
Lacerations of the axillary region occur frequently in horses. Typical complications caused by entrapment of air in the wound during locomotion are subcutaneous emphysema, with consecutive pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax. In this case report, the clinical, radiographic and laboratory diagnosis and management of these complications after an axillary laceration that finally resulted in pneumoperitoneum are described. A 1-year-old Hannoveranian was presented with a pre-existing axillary laceration of unknown duration and subcutaneous emphysema in the surrounding tissue. Due to extensive tissue loss, attempts to adequately close the wound surgically and by packing with sterile dressing material were unsuccessful. Despite stall confinement and tying of the horse, subcutaneous emphysema was progressive and pneumomediastinum as well as pneumothorax was developed. These complications were monitored radiographically. On day 5 after admission, signs of air accumulation were detected on radiographs craniodorsally in the peritoneum and a pneumoperitoneum was diagnosed. Repeated thoracentesis with a teat cannula to gradually evacuate the thoracic cavity was used in combination with nasal oxygen insufflation to treat global respiratory insufficiency. Subcutaneous emphysema and all other complications resolved progressively and the horse was discharged from the hospital 21 days after admission when the axillary wound was adequately filled with granulation tissue. The wound healed fully 1 month later and the horse did not develop long-term complications within the following year. To the authors´ knowledge, the development of pneumoperitoneum including its radiographic monitoring following an axillary laceration has not been described in horses previously.
Topics: Animals; Horse Diseases; Horses; Insufflation; Lacerations; Mediastinal Emphysema; Pneumoperitoneum; Pneumothorax; Subcutaneous Emphysema
PubMed: 34990086
DOI: 10.1002/vms3.718 -
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association... Dec 2009
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Cough; Dyspnea; Female; Humans; Mediastinal Emphysema; Radiography
PubMed: 19752103
DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.081661 -
BMJ Case Reports Jan 2016
Topics: Adult; Chest Pain; Humans; Male; Mediastinal Emphysema; Neck Pain; Rare Diseases; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Ultrasonography
PubMed: 26786530
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2015-213550