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Acta Pharmaceutica (Zagreb, Croatia) Mar 2013The objective of the study was to prepare mefenamic acid (MA) sustained release matrix pellets and investigate the formulation parameters affecting pellet attributes and...
The objective of the study was to prepare mefenamic acid (MA) sustained release matrix pellets and investigate the formulation parameters affecting pellet attributes and drug release in vitro. Amixer torque rheometer (MTR) was used to characterize the rheological properties of wet mass used in pellet formulation. Mefenamic acid pellets were prepared by extrusion/spheronization techniques using microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) in combination with lactose as pellet forming agents and water as the binding liquid. Also, the prepared pellets were characterized for their particle size and in vitro drug dissolution. The results revealed that the increase in lactose weight ratio to MCC resulted in a significant reduction of both maximum torque and binder ratios, while the addition of 2 % (m/m) polyvinyl pyrolidone (PVP) to MCC-lactose influenced only the mean torque rather than the wetting liquid (water). Particle size ranged from 945 to 1089 mm and had small span values (0.56-0.67). Furthermore, an inverse relation was observed between the rheological character of pellet wet masses (expressed by peak torque) and in vitro release rate. Increasing MAloading from 2.5 to 5 and 10 % was accompanied by a decrease in dissolution rates. In conclusion, properties of MA matrix pellets could be successfully monitored by controlling the wet mass characteristics by measuring torque.
Topics: Cellulose; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; Delayed-Action Preparations; Drug Implants; Excipients; Lactose; Mefenamic Acid; Particle Size; Povidone; Rheology; Solubility; Technology, Pharmaceutical; Water
PubMed: 23482315
DOI: 10.2478/acph-2013-0009 -
International Journal of Molecular... Apr 2023This study examines the influence of mefenamic acid on the physical and chemical properties of silica aerogels, as well as its effect on the sorption characteristics of...
This study examines the influence of mefenamic acid on the physical and chemical properties of silica aerogels, as well as its effect on the sorption characteristics of the composite material. Solid state magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) and high-pressure C NMR kinetic studies were conducted to identify the presence of mefenamic acid and measure the kinetic rates of CO sorption. Additionally, a high-pressure T-T relaxation-relaxation correlation spectroscopy (RRCOSY) study was conducted to estimate the relative amount of mefenamic acid in the aerogel's pores, and a high-pressure nuclear Overhauser effect spectoscopy (NOESY) study was conducted to investigate the conformational preference of mefenamic acid released from the aerogel. The results indicate that mefenamic acid is affected by the chemical environment of the aerogel, altering the ratio of mefenamic acid conformers from 75% to 25% in its absence to 22% to 78% in the presence of aerogel.
Topics: Mefenamic Acid; Kinetics; Silicon Dioxide; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
PubMed: 37108046
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086882 -
Journal of Dentistry (Shiraz, Iran) Sep 2016Use of cyclooxygenase inhibitors as chemotherapy agents has attracted the attention of a large number of investigators in recent years. Given the importance of cancer...
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Use of cyclooxygenase inhibitors as chemotherapy agents has attracted the attention of a large number of investigators in recent years. Given the importance of cancer therapy, only a limited number of studies have been carried out to investigate the effects of cyclooxygenase inhibitors on specific cell lines.
PURPOSE
This research aimed to determine the in vitro cytotoxic effects of cyclooxygenase inhibitors (COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors) on KB, Saos-2, 1321N, U-87MG, SFBF-PI 39 cell lines.
MATERIALS AND METHOD
Powders of celecoxib, mefenamic acid, aspirin and indometacin were dissolved in the appropriate solvent. The viability of cell lines was carried out by MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay technique. Data gathered from four separate experiments were expressed as mean±SD. Statistical significance was defined at p< 0.05 by using analysis of variance. Significant treatment mean values were subjected to post-hoc Tukey's test.
RESULTS
Celecoxib showed marked cytotoxic effects on KB, Saos-2, and 1321N cells, which was significant in comparison with the control group. Celecoxib was not effective in killing U-87MG cell line. Mefenamic acid exerted cytotoxic effects on KB, Saos-2, and 1321N cells, where the viability was approximately 75%. U-87MG cells were resistant to mefenamic acid. Indometacin had the highest rate of activity on U-87MG cells, which was significant in comparison with the control group. Aspirin did not exhibit any activity on these cell lines and was not effective in killing U-87MG, KB, Saos-2, and 1321N cells.
CONCLUSION
This research showed that celecoxib, indometacin, and mefenamic acid have the cytotoxic effects on KB, Saos-2, 1321N and U-87MG cell lines. Therefore, it appears that these drugs can be considered as anti-neoplastic agents in the experimental phase.
PubMed: 27602398
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Family & Reproductive Health Sep 2019Heavy menstrual bleeding is one of the most frequent complaints of women. Various therapeutic approaches have been applied to treat this condition. In this study, we...
Heavy menstrual bleeding is one of the most frequent complaints of women. Various therapeutic approaches have been applied to treat this condition. In this study, we compared the efficacy of mefenamic acid and misoprostol in reducing menorrhagia. This is a randomized clinical trial study performed on 60 patients with menorrhagia. They were divided into two equal groups and randomly received mefenamic acid or misoprostol. Cycle duration, bleeding volume (according to the pictorial blood assessment chart), hemoglobin, hematocrit, and pad count were recorded before and after treatment. Side effects of treatment regimens were recorded. Blood loss volume per menstruation day in the mefenamic acid group was 118.40 ± 36.26 ml before treatment which decreased to 48.50 ± 24.71 ml after treatment (p = 0.262). Misoprostol reduced menstrual bleeding volume from 135.37 ± 34.85 ml per day to 49.40 ± 32.161 ml (p = 0.003). Mean duration of the menstrual period in patients receiveding mefenamic acid was 9.50 ± 3.27 days which decreased to 7.73 ± 2.14 days after treatment (p = 0.001). The similar change occurred in the misoprostol group and the mean duration of the menstrual period decreased from 7.70 ± 2.10 to 6.37 ± 2.29 days (p = 0.002). The number of pads used by patients in the mefenamic acid group before treatment was 23.20 ± 12.61 which was decreased to 14.33 ± 5.86 after treatment (p = 0.001). This alteration in misoprostol group was from 20.67 ± 6.12 to 15.53 ± 6.49 (p = 0.001). Misoprostol can significantly reduce menstrual bleeding.
PubMed: 32201488
DOI: No ID Found -
Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal : SPJ :... Jan 2012Emulgels have emerged as a promising drug delivery system for the delivery of hydrophobic drugs. The objective of the study was to prepare emulgel of mefenamic acid, a...
Emulgels have emerged as a promising drug delivery system for the delivery of hydrophobic drugs. The objective of the study was to prepare emulgel of mefenamic acid, a NSAID, using Carbapol 940 as a gelling agent. Mentha oil and clove oil were used as penetration enhancers. The emulsion was prepared and it was incorporated in gel base. The formulations were evaluated for rheological studies, spreading coefficient studies, bioadhesion strength, skin irritation studies, in vitro release, ex vivo release studies, anti-inflammatory activity and analgesic activity. Formulation F2 and F4 showed comparable analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity when they compared with marketed diclofenac sodium gel. So, it can be concluded that topical emulgel of mefenamic acid posses an effective anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity.
PubMed: 23960777
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2011.08.001 -
Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases May 2014Ciprofloxacin is a commonly used antibiotic. Renal side effects are rare and are usually immune mediated. Clinical and experimental studies have suggested that...
Ciprofloxacin is a commonly used antibiotic. Renal side effects are rare and are usually immune mediated. Clinical and experimental studies have suggested that crystalluria and crystal nephropathy occur in alkaline urine. Preexisting kidney function impairment, high dose of the medication, and advanced age predispose to this complication. We report a case of crystal nephropathy in a young woman treated with ciprofloxacin and a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Ciprofloxacin; Crystallization; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Mefenamic Acid; Urinary Tract Infections
PubMed: 24878949
DOI: No ID Found -
Polish Journal of Microbiology Jun 2018Non-antibiotic medicinal products consist of drugs with diverse activity against bacteria. Many non-antibiotics demonstrate direct anti-bacterial activity against... (Review)
Review
Non-antibiotic medicinal products consist of drugs with diverse activity against bacteria. Many non-antibiotics demonstrate direct anti-bacterial activity against Gram-positive cocci. The activity observed against Gram-negative rods is much lower and non-antibiotics primarily from the following groups: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, cardiovascular and antidepressant medicinal products demonstrate this activity. It has been shown that the low activity of some non-antibiotics or the absence of activity against Gram-negative rods is related, among other things, to the extrusion of these compounds from bacterial cells by multi-drug resistance efflux pumps. Substrates for the resistance-nodulation-division efflux systems include the following non-antibiotics: salicylate, diclofenac, ibuprofen, mefenamic acid, naproxen, amitriptyline, alendronate sodium, nicergoline, and ticlopidine. In addition, interactions between non-antibiotics and multi-drug resistance efflux pumps have been observed. It has also been revealed that depending on the concentration, salicylate induces expression of multi-drug resistance efflux pumps in Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Typhimurium, and Burkholderia cenocepacia. However, salicylate does not affect the expression of the resistance-nodulation-division efflux systems in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Acinetobacter baumannii. Most importantly, there were no effects of medicinal products containing some non-antibiotic active substances, except salicylate, as substrates of multi-drug resistance efflux pumps, on the induction of Gram-negative rod resistance to quinolones.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Escherichia coli; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Membrane Transport Proteins; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Naproxen; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Salicylates
PubMed: 30015451
DOI: 10.21307/pjm-2018-017 -
International Journal of Experimental... Dec 2016Mefenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug able to control the symptoms of osteoarthritis (OA), but its effects on protection of cartilage and bone are...
Mefenamic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug able to control the symptoms of osteoarthritis (OA), but its effects on protection of cartilage and bone are still unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether the control of inflammation by mefenamic acid translates into decreased joint lesions in experimental OA in rats. OA was induced by injecting 1 mg of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) into the joints of rats. The animals were treated with mefenamic acid (50 mg/kg, daily, oral gavage) either pre-MIA injection (preventive) or post-MIA injection (therapeutic). Joint swelling and hyperalgesia were evaluated at baseline and 1, 3, 14 and 28 days after induction of OA. Intra-articular lavage and kinetics of cell migration into the synovium were measured 3 and 28 days after OA induction. Histopathological analysis, Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) score, total synovium cells count, cartilage area and levels of proteoglycans in joints were also evaluated. Mefenamic acid prevented joint oedema and hyperalgesia induced by MIA in the acute phase (3 days) of the disease. In the chronic phase (28 days), preventive and therapeutic regimens decreased the number of mononuclear cells in the joint cavity. In contrast, thickening of the synovium, bone resorption, loss of cartilage and levels of proteoglycans were unaffected by mefenamic acid when it was administered either preventively or therapeutically. Thus, mefenamic acid had anti-inflammatory effects but did not reduce the progression of OA lesions, thereby indicating that it is only effective for symptomatic control of OA.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Bone and Bones; Cartilage; Disease Models, Animal; Inflammation; Joints; Male; Mefenamic Acid; Osteoarthritis; Rats
PubMed: 28370591
DOI: 10.1111/iep.12216 -
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical... Dec 2023This work aimed to prepare niosomal formulations of an anticancer agent [mefenamic acid (MEF)] to enhance its cancer targeting. I was utilized as a radiolabeling isotope...
BACKGROUND
This work aimed to prepare niosomal formulations of an anticancer agent [mefenamic acid (MEF)] to enhance its cancer targeting. I was utilized as a radiolabeling isotope to study the radio-kinetics of MEF niosomes.
METHODS
niosomal formulations were prepared by the ether injection method and assessed for entrapment efficiency (EE%), zeta potential (ZP), polydispersity index (PDI) and particle size (PS). MEF was labeled with I by direct electrophilic substitution reaction through optimization of radiolabeling-related parameters. In the radio-kinetic study, the optimal I-MEF niosomal formula was administered intravenously (I.V.) to solid tumor-bearing mice and compared to I.V. I-MEF solution as a control.
RESULTS
the average PS and ZP values of the optimal formulation were 247.23 ± 2.32 nm and - 28.3 ± 1.21, respectively. The highest I-MEF labeling yield was 98.7 ± 0.8%. The biodistribution study revealed that the highest tumor uptake of I-MEF niosomal formula and I-MEF solution at 60 min post-injection were 2.73 and 1.94% ID/g, respectively.
CONCLUSION
MEF-loaded niosomes could be a hopeful candidate in cancer treatment due to their potent tumor uptake. Such high targeting was attributed to passive targeting of the nanosized niosomes and confirmed by radiokinetic evaluation.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Liposomes; Mefenamic Acid; Tissue Distribution; Neoplasms
PubMed: 37982828
DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05482-8 -
Oman Medical Journal Mar 2016Dysmenorrhea is a common complaint in women. Primary dysmenorrhea is defined as painful menstruation in the absence of pelvic disease and is caused by uterine...
OBJECTIVES
Dysmenorrhea is a common complaint in women. Primary dysmenorrhea is defined as painful menstruation in the absence of pelvic disease and is caused by uterine contractions caused by prostaglandins released from the endometrium. Conventional treatments include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and oral contraceptives. We sought to evaluate the efficacy of zinc supplementation in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. .
METHODS
Two-hundred participants with primary dysmenorrhea were randomized into one of two groups. The intervention group received zinc and mefenamic acid, and the control group received mefenamic acid and a placebo drug. After three months of treatment, changes in the incidence of dysmenorrhea and the degree of pain were measured in both groups. .
RESULTS
The mean pain score before administration of zinc and mefenamic acid in the intervention group was 5.3±1.8 and after treatment was 1.2±1.9 (p < 0.001). In the control group, the mean pain score before administration of mefenamic acid and placebo was 5.8±2.1 and after treatment was 2.9±2.6 (p < 0.001). The difference in pain levels before and after treatment in the intervention group was 4.1±2.8, and in the control group was 2.9±1.7 (p > 0.050). We also found that 64% of case group and 33% of the control group did not experience dysmenorrhea after treatment (p < 0.001). .
CONCLUSIONS
The use of a zinc supplement in combination with mefenamic acid was superior in reducing primary dysmenorrhea compared to mefenamic acid alone.
PubMed: 27168920
DOI: 10.5001/omj.2016.21