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Industrial Health 2015Night work has been associated with adverse effects in terms of reproductive health. Specifically, menstruation has been suggested to be negatively impacted by night...
Night work has been associated with adverse effects in terms of reproductive health. Specifically, menstruation has been suggested to be negatively impacted by night work, which again may influence fertility. This study investigated whether working nights is related to menstrual characteristics and if there is a relationship between shift work disorder (SWD) and menstruation. The study was cross-sectional, response rate 38%. The sample comprised female nurses who were members of the Norwegian Nurses Association; below 50 yr of age, who were not pregnant, did not use hormonal pills or intrauterine devices and who had not reached menopause (n=766). The nurses answered a postal survey including questions about night work and menstrual characteristics. Fifteen per cent reported to have irregular menstruations. Thirty-nine per cent of the nurses were classified as having SWD. Logistic regression analyses concerning the relationship between irregular menstruations and night work did not show any associations. Furthermore, no associations were found between cycle length or bleeding period and night work parameters. No associations were found between menstrual characteristics and SWD.
Topics: Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Health Surveys; Humans; Menstruation; Menstruation Disturbances; Middle Aged; Norway; Nursing Staff; Occupational Health; Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm; Work Schedule Tolerance; Young Adult
PubMed: 25914071
DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2014-0214 -
British Medical Journal Jul 1972
Topics: Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hysterectomy; Menopause; Menstruation Disturbances; Uterine Neoplasms
PubMed: 5039794
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.3.5819.176 -
British Medical Journal Feb 1968
Topics: Clomiphene; Female; Fertility Agents, Female; Humans; Menstruation Disturbances; Ovulation Induction; Patient Selection; Pregnancy
PubMed: 15508208
DOI: No ID Found -
An Interesting Presentation About Cyclical Menstrual Psychosis with an Updated Review of Literature.Psychopharmacology Bulletin Mar 2018Cyclical menstrual psychosis is an uncommon, generally a self-limiting mental illness that occurs only in females. It is associated with other menstruation-related... (Review)
Review
Cyclical menstrual psychosis is an uncommon, generally a self-limiting mental illness that occurs only in females. It is associated with other menstruation-related disorders and stressful psychogenic factors. Nonetheless, many cases remain unrecognized due to poor awareness of its presence. A young female who presented with psychotic and mood symptoms during each cycle of menstruation was admitted to the psychiatric inpatient unit. There was severe disruption in her activities of daily living and socio-occupational functioning. Treatment involved bio-psycho-social approach in collaboration with Ob-Gyn team with symptoms responding well to a combination of valproic acid and risperidone. Severe affective instability with evident psychosis during menstrual cycle should be evaluated for cyclical menstrual psychosis.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Menstruation Disturbances; Psychotic Disorders; Risperidone; Tranquilizing Agents; Valproic Acid; Young Adult
PubMed: 29713101
DOI: No ID Found -
Hormone Research in Paediatrics 2012Menstrual disorders are common in adolescent girls. Periods can be irregular, heavy and/or painful, especially in the first few years following menarche. Serious... (Review)
Review
Menstrual disorders are common in adolescent girls. Periods can be irregular, heavy and/or painful, especially in the first few years following menarche. Serious pathology is rare; however, menstrual dysfunction can have a significant effect on daily activities and result in school absence. There are many treatment options which are safe to use in adolescents, although the evidence for their use is extrapolated from adult data. We present a clinical review of the current practice, including management of girls with other medical problems and learning difficulties.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Female; Humans; Menstruation Disturbances
PubMed: 23051587
DOI: 10.1159/000342822 -
Women's Health (London, England) 2022Menstrual disorders were not reported as a possible secondary effect in any of the clinical trials for the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
BACKGROUND
Menstrual disorders were not reported as a possible secondary effect in any of the clinical trials for the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
AIM
To describe the prevalence of perceived premenstrual and menstrual changes after COVID-19 vaccine administration.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional study.
METHODS
A total of 14,153 women (mean age 31.5 ± 9.3 years old) who had received the full course of vaccination at least three months earlier were included in this cross-sectional study. Data including the type of vaccine administered, perceived changes in the amount and duration of menstrual bleeding, presence of clots, cycle length, and premenstrual symptoms were collected through a retrospective online survey from June to September 2021.
RESULTS
Of the women who participated in this study, 3136 reported no menstrual changes and 11,017 (78% of the study sample) reported experiencing menstrual cycle changes after vaccination. In summary, women who reported menstrual changes after vaccination were older (overall < 0.001) and slightly more smokers ( = 0.05) than women who did not report any changes. The most prevalent changes in relation to premenstrual symptoms were increased fatigue (43%), abdominal bloating (37%), irritability (29%), sadness (28%), and headaches (28%). The most predominant menstrual changes were more menstrual bleeding (43%), more menstrual pain (41%), delayed menstruation (38%), fewer days of menstrual bleeding (34.5%), and shorter cycle length (32%).
CONCLUSION
Women vaccinated against COVID-19 usually perceive mild menstrual and premenstrual changes. Future studies are warranted to clarify the physiological mechanisms behind these widely reported changes.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Young Adult; COVID-19; COVID-19 Vaccines; Cross-Sectional Studies; Menstrual Cycle; Menstruation; Menstruation Disturbances; Premenstrual Syndrome; Retrospective Studies; SARS-CoV-2; Vaccination
PubMed: 35833668
DOI: 10.1177/17455057221112237 -
American Journal of Public Health Nov 1982The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of perimenstrual symptoms (PMS) in a free-living population of US women and to determine if prevalence...
The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of perimenstrual symptoms (PMS) in a free-living population of US women and to determine if prevalence estimates varied with parity, contraceptive status, characteristics of the menstrual cycle, and selected demographic variables. We identified all households from a census listing for five southeastern city neighborhoods that offered variation in racial composition and socioeconomic status. We ascertained all households in which there was one nonpregnant woman between the ages of 18 and 35 years per household. Of the 241 eligible women, 179 (74 per cent) participated in the study. Trained interviewers administered the Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ) and other demographic measures to women between March and July 1979. Symptoms with a prevalence greater than 30 per cent included weight gain, headache, skin disorders, cramps, anxiety, backache, fatigue, painful breasts, irritability, mood swings, depression, or tension. Only 2 to 8 per cent of women found most of these severe or disabling. The exceptions were severe cramps reported by 17 per cent of women and severe premenstrual and menstrual irritability by 12 per cent. Cramps, backaches, fatigue, and tension were most prevalent during the menstruum; weight gain, skin disorders, painful breasts, swelling, irritability, mood swings, and depression were more prevalent in the premenstruum. Parity, oral contraceptive use, age, employment, education, and income were negatively associated with selected PMS. Use of an IUD, having long menstrual cycles, long menstrual flow, or heavy menstrual flow, and being able to predict the next period were positively associated with selected PMS. Race had both positive and negative effects on PMS.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Contraceptives, Oral; Dysmenorrhea; Female; Health Surveys; Humans; Marriage; Menstruation; Menstruation Disturbances; Parity; Premenstrual Syndrome; Racial Groups; Socioeconomic Factors; United States
PubMed: 6889817
DOI: 10.2105/ajph.72.11.1257 -
Journal de Gynecologie, Obstetrique Et... Dec 2011The most frequent symptom with leiomyoma is menometrorrhagia. However, it can be responsible of pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea or urinary and digestive compression when it is... (Review)
Review
The most frequent symptom with leiomyoma is menometrorrhagia. However, it can be responsible of pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea or urinary and digestive compression when it is particularly voluminous. These recommandations were made in order to review medical management of fibroids. If no therapy is able to have them disappear, various drugs may reduce their related symptoms. Tranexamic acid, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and high dose of oestrogen may be useful in the management of acute hemorrhagic disorders. Progestin, such as lynestrenol induces small reduction in leiomyoma volume and moderate increase in hemoglobin level before surgery. Pregnane and nor-pregnane may improve menstrual bleeding in short or mild delays. The use of Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) agonists can reduce menstrual bleeding with hemoglobin recovery. Add-back therapy using tibolone seems interesting since secondary effects encountered with GnRH agonists may be reduced. Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system is proven to reduce increased menstrual bleeding and restore hemoglobin level. Aminoglutethimide and fadrozole have been underevaluated to conclude when letrozole seems as efficient as GnRH agonists to reduce leiomyoma volume and provide less hot flushes. Anastrozol is associated with reduction in leiomyomata volume, pain and menstrual bleeding. Mifepristone reduces the size of uterine leiomyomata, improves symptomatology, but could be associated with development of endometrial hyperplasia. SPRM evaluated in females have shown to improve leiomyoma related symptomatology. Danazol could be useful to reduce leiomyoma related symptoms in short terms. Tamoxifen and raloxifen show modest overall benefit. Because of insufficient data concerning fulvestrant, pirfenidone or interferon, their prescription cannot be recommended in patients with leiomyomata.
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; Contraception; Female; Hormone Replacement Therapy; Humans; Leiomyoma; Menstruation Disturbances; Necrobiotic Disorders; Premenopause; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Uterine Neoplasms
PubMed: 22071015
DOI: 10.1016/j.jgyn.2011.09.022 -
Fertility and Sterility Jun 2021To examine the relation of menstrual cyclicity abnormalities to hyperandrogenism (HA) and dynamic state insulin resistance (IR) in oligo-ovulatory women with polycystic...
OBJECTIVE
To examine the relation of menstrual cyclicity abnormalities to hyperandrogenism (HA) and dynamic state insulin resistance (IR) in oligo-ovulatory women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
DESIGN
Prospective cross-sectional study.
SETTING
Tertiary-care academic center.
PATIENT(S)
Fifty-seven women with PCOS (1990 National Institutes of Health criteria) and 57 healthy control women matched by body mass index (BMI).
INTERVENTION(S)
Short insulin tolerance test (ITT).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S)
Menstrual cyclicity, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), measures of HA (i.e., modified Ferriman-Gallwey score, total and free testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate), and the rate constant for plasma glucose disappearance (kITT) derived from the short ITT.
RESULT(S)
Adjusting for age, BMI, and ethnicity, the mean androgen measures were higher and SHBG trended lower, kITT was lower, and the prevalence of IR was higher in PCOS than in controls, independent of menstrual cyclicity. The optimal cutoff point for IR was set at kITT value of 3.57%/minute or lower. Overall, 79% of the women with PCOS had IR. To control further for the effect of ethnicity, a subgroup of 46 non-Hispanic white PCOS participants were studied; those who exhibited amenorrhea (n = 15) or oligomenorrhea (n = 19) had or tended toward having a lower kITT and a higher prevalence of IR than the women with PCOS and oligo-ovulatory eumenorrhea (n = 12). The kITT trended lower and the prevalence of IR trended higher in women with PCOS and amenorrhea than those with oligomenorrhea. The measures of SHBG and HA were similar across the three menstrual groups.
CONCLUSION(S)
Oligo-ovulatory women with PCOS and overt oligo/amenorrhea have greater degrees of IR but not HA when compared with oligo-ovulatory eumenorrheic women with PCOS, suggesting that IR and hyperinsulinemia but not HA play a role in determining the degree of menstrual dysfunction, which can be used as a clinical marker for the degree of IR in oligo-ovulatory PCOS.
Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Blood Glucose; Case-Control Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate; Female; Humans; Hyperandrogenism; Insulin Resistance; Menstrual Cycle; Menstruation Disturbances; Ovulation; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Severity of Illness Index; Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; Testosterone; Time Factors; Young Adult
PubMed: 33602559
DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.12.015 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2022The intricacies in various signaling routes involved in the menstrual cycle can be impacted by internal as well as external stimuli, and the role of stress, be it... (Review)
Review
The intricacies in various signaling routes involved in the menstrual cycle can be impacted by internal as well as external stimuli, and the role of stress, be it physical, psychological, or social, in disturbing the process could be debilitating for a woman. The global endeavor of vaccination rose to protect individuals from the severity of COVID-19, but a conjunction of a short-lived menace of menstrual disturbance in the female population came out as an unsettling side effect. An understanding of the immunological panorama in the female reproductive tract (FRT) becomes important to fathom this issue. The close-knit microenvironment in the FRT shows active microbiota in the lower FRT, but the latest findings are ascertaining the presence of low-biomass microbiota in the upper FRT as well. Concerted signaling, wherein inflammation becomes an underlying phenomenon, results when a stressor elicits molecules of the inflammatory cascade. Learning lessons from the gut microbiota, we need to address the exploration of how FRT microbiota would impose inflammation by manipulating the immune response to vaccines. Since there is a prominent sex bias in the immune response to infectious diseases in women and men, the role of sex hormones and cortisol becomes important. The treatment regimen may be considered differently in women who also consider their ovarian cycle phases. Women exert robust immune response to antigenic encounters cell-mediated and humoral arms. The inclusion of women in vaccine trials has been marginalized over the years, which resulted in unwanted high dosage administration of vaccines in women.
Topics: COVID-19; COVID-19 Vaccines; Female; Humans; Inflammation; Male; Menstruation Disturbances; Vaccination; Vaccines
PubMed: 35769462
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.906091