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Canadian Medical Association Journal Aug 1963The syndromes of superior mesenteric artery insufficiency are briefly reviewed. Three cases associated with infarction of bowel which were treated with restoration of...
The syndromes of superior mesenteric artery insufficiency are briefly reviewed. Three cases associated with infarction of bowel which were treated with restoration of arterial flow and resection of residual irretrievable bowel are reported. In two patients an embolectomy and in one patient a bypass graft were used to restore arterial continuity. The importance of the recognition and removal of irretrievable bowel at the time of vascular reconstruction is emphasized. Success is not necessarily predicated by the time factor alone, although the importance of early diagnosis and surgical intervention cannot be denied.
Topics: Embolectomy; Embolism; Geriatrics; Humans; Infarction; Intestinal Diseases; Intestines; Mesenteric Arteries; Mesenteric Artery, Superior; Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Syndrome; Time Factors; Vascular Surgical Procedures
PubMed: 14042788
DOI: No ID Found -
American Journal of Physiology. Heart... Sep 2012The vascular response to pregnancy has been frequently studied in mesenteric artery models by investigating endothelial cell (EC)- and smooth muscle cell (SMC)-dependent... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The vascular response to pregnancy has been frequently studied in mesenteric artery models by investigating endothelial cell (EC)- and smooth muscle cell (SMC)-dependent responses to mechanical (flow-mediated vasodilation, myogenic reactivity, and vascular compliance) and pharmacological stimuli (G protein-coupled receptor responses: Gq(EC), Gs(SMC), Gq(SMC)). It is unclear to what extent these pathways contribute to normal pregnancy-induced vasodilation across species, strains, and/or gestational age and at which receptor level pregnancy affects the pathways. We performed a meta-analysis on responses to mechanical and pharmacological stimuli associated with pregnancy-induced vasodilation of mesenteric arteries and included 55 (188 responses) out of 398 studies. Most included studies (84%) were performed in Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats (SDRs) and compared late gestation versus nonpregnant controls (80%). Pregnancy promotes flow-mediated vasodilation in all investigated species. Only in SDRs, pregnancy additionally stimulates both vasodilator Gq(EC) sensitivity (EC(50) reduced by -0.76 [-0.92, -0.60] log[M]) and Gs(SMC) sensitivity (EC(50) reduced by -0.51 [-0.82, -0.20] log[M]), depresses vasopressor Gq(SMC) sensitivity (EC(50) increase in SDRs by 0.23 [0.16, 0.31] log[M]), and enhances arterial compliance. We conclude that 1) pregnancy facilitates flow-mediated vasodilation at term among all investigated species, and the contribution of additional vascular responses is species and strain specific, and 2) late pregnancy mediates vasodilation through changes at the receptor level for the substances tested. The initial steps of vasodilation in early pregnancy remain to be elucidated.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Mechanotransduction, Cellular; Mesenteric Arteries; Pregnancy; Rats; Receptors, Cell Surface; Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; Signal Transduction; Species Specificity; Splanchnic Circulation; Vasodilation
PubMed: 22821990
DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00617.2011 -
Scientific Reports Jul 2019Trace amines such as p-tyramine, p-octopamine and p-synephrine are found in low concentrations in animals and plants. Consumption of pre-workout supplements containing...
Trace amines such as p-tyramine, p-octopamine and p-synephrine are found in low concentrations in animals and plants. Consumption of pre-workout supplements containing these plant-derived amines has been associated with cardiovascular side effects. The aim of this study was to determine the mechanisms of action of these trace amines on porcine isolated coronary and mesenteric arteries. Noradrenaline caused contraction of mesenteric arteries and relaxation of coronary arteries. In both tissues, all three trace amines induced contractions with similar potencies and responses were unaffected by the β-adrenoceptor antagonist propranolol (1 µM), the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NNA (100 µM), or the TAAR-1 antagonist, EPPTB (100 nM). However, the contractile responses of mesenteric arteries, but not coronary arteries, were significantly reduced by depletion of endogenous noradrenaline. Mesenteric responses to all three amines were abolished in the presence of prazosin (1 µM) whereas residual contractile responses remained in the coronary artery which were inhibited by a high concentration (100 µM) of EPPTB. The results suggest complex responses of the coronary artery to the trace amines, with activity at α-adrenoceptors and potentially TAARs other than TAAR-1. In contrast the actions of the amines on the mesenteric artery appeared to involve indirect sympathomimetic actions and direct actions on α-adrenoceptors.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Animals; Benzamides; Coronary Vessels; Female; Mesenteric Arteries; Nitroarginine; Octopamine; Propranolol; Pyrrolidines; Swine; Synephrine; Tyramine; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Vasodilation; Vasodilator Agents
PubMed: 31358768
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46627-5 -
Genes Apr 2022Although metabolic acidosis is associated with numerous pathophysiological conditions and its vasorelaxation effects have been well described in different animal and...
Although metabolic acidosis is associated with numerous pathophysiological conditions and its vasorelaxation effects have been well described in different animal and culture models, the molecular mechanisms of acidosis-induced vasorelaxation are not fully understood. Mesenteric artery models have been used extensively to examine the vascular response to various pathophysiological conditions. Our previous studies and several other reports have suggested the vascular responses of goat mesenteric arteries and human arteries to various stimuli, including acidic stress, are highly similar. In this study, to further identify the signaling molecules responsible for altered vasoreactivity in response to acidic pH, we examined the proteomic profile of acid stress-induced vasorelaxation using a goat mesenteric artery model. The vascular proteomes under acidic pH were compared using 2D-GE with 7 cm IPG strips and mini gels, LC-MS/MS, and MALDI TOF MS. The unique proteins identified by mass spectroscopy were actin, transgelin, WD repeat-containing protein 1, desmin, tropomyosin, ATP synthase β, Hsp27, aldehyde dehydrogenase, pyruvate kinase, and vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1-like protein. Out of five protein spots identified as actin, three were upregulated > 2-fold. ATP synthase β was also upregulated (2.14-fold) under acid stress. Other actin-associated proteins upregulated were transgelin, desmin, and WD repeat-containing protein 1. Isometric contraction studies revealed that both receptor-mediated (histamine) and non-receptor-mediated (KCl) vasocontraction were attenuated, whereas acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation was augmented under acidosis. Overall, the altered vasoreactivity under acidosis observed in the functional studies could possibly be attributed to the increase in expression of actin and ATP synthase β.
Topics: Acidosis; Actins; Adenosine Triphosphate; Animals; Chromatography, Liquid; Desmin; Mesenteric Arteries; Nitric Oxide Synthase; Proteomics; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Vasodilation
PubMed: 35627186
DOI: 10.3390/genes13050801 -
Nitric Oxide : Biology and Chemistry Aug 2016S-nitrosothiols (SNOs) are metabolites of NO with potent vasodilatory activity. Our previous studies in sheep indicated that intra-arterially infused SNOs dilate the...
S-nitrosothiols (SNOs) are metabolites of NO with potent vasodilatory activity. Our previous studies in sheep indicated that intra-arterially infused SNOs dilate the mesenteric vasculature more than the femoral vasculature. We hypothesized that the mesenteric artery is more responsive to SNO-mediated vasodilation, and investigated various steps along the NO/cGMP pathway to determine the mechanism for this difference. In anesthetized adult sheep, we monitored the conductance of mesenteric and femoral arteries during infusion of S-nitroso-l-cysteine (L-cysNO), and found mesenteric vascular conductance increased (137 ± 3%) significantly more than femoral conductance (26 ± 25%). Similar results were found in wire myography studies of isolated sheep mesenteric and femoral arteries. Vasodilation by SNOs was attenuated in both vessel types by the presence of ODQ (sGC inhibitor), and both YC-1 (sGC agonist) and 8-Br-cGMP (cGMP analog) mediated more potent relaxation in mesenteric arteries than femoral arteries. The vasodilatory difference between mesenteric and femoral arteries was eliminated by antagonists of either protein kinase G or L-type Ca(2+) channels. Western immunoblots showed a larger L-type Ca(2+)/sGC abundance ratio in mesenteric arteries than in femoral arteries. Fetal sheep mesenteric arteries were more responsive to SNOs than adult mesenteric arteries, and had a greater L-Ca(2+)/sGC ratio (p = 0.047 and r = -0.906 for correlation between Emax and L-Ca(2+)/sGC). These results suggest that mesenteric arteries, especially those in fetus, are more responsive to SNO-mediated vasodilation than femoral arteries due to a greater role of the L-type calcium channel in the NO/cGMP pathway.
Topics: Animals; Calcium Channel Blockers; Calcium Channels, L-Type; Cyclic GMP; Cysteine; Diltiazem; Female; Femoral Artery; Fetus; Indazoles; Male; Mesenteric Arteries; Nifedipine; Oxadiazoles; Quinoxalines; S-Nitrosoglutathione; S-Nitrosothiols; Sheep; Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase; Vasodilation; Vasodilator Agents
PubMed: 27235767
DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2016.05.006 -
European Journal of Vascular and... Dec 2019The aim was to investigate the effectiveness of colour duplex ultrasound (CDU) plus contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) vs. computed tomography angiography (CTA) for... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
OBJECTIVES
The aim was to investigate the effectiveness of colour duplex ultrasound (CDU) plus contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) vs. computed tomography angiography (CTA) for surveillance in patients with isolated mesenteric artery dissection (IMAD).
METHODS
Patients who underwent CDU, CEUS, and CTA for surveillance of IMAD between January 2012 and May 2019 were included in the study. The accuracy of CDU, CEUS, and CTA for determining the morphological characteristics of IMAD was analysed.
RESULTS
A total of 42 patients undergoing 76 total imaging examinations during follow up were included. Both CTA and CDU plus CEUS demonstrated the thrombosed false lumen for 28 (36.8%) examinations and the dissecting aneurysm for 20 (26.3%) examinations (both κ = 1.0). The diameter of the dissecting aneurysm was 5.03 ± 1.25 mm using CDU and CEUS vs. 5.27 ± 1.23 mm on CTA (coefficient of consistency, 0.997; p < .001). The entry points were visualised by CDU and CEUS for 20 (26.3%) examinations and by CTA for 14 (18.4%) examinations (κ = 0.769); no re-entry points were visualised by CDU and CEUS for any examinations but re-entry points were visualised by CTA for two (2.6%) examinations. The minimum inner diameter was 2.80 ± 1.30 mm on CDU and CEUS vs. 2.52 ± 1.29 mm on CTA (coefficient of consistency, 0.999; p < .001). The peak systolic velocities were 128.2 ± 13.0 cm/s at diagnosis and 98.7 ± 4.9 cm/s after one month (p < .001).
CONCLUSIONS
The combination of CDU and CEUS can be used in place of CTA for the surveillance of IMAD.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aortic Dissection; Computed Tomography Angiography; Conservative Treatment; Contrast Media; Endovascular Procedures; Feasibility Studies; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Mesenteric Arteries; Middle Aged; Multimodal Imaging; Stents; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex
PubMed: 31607680
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2019.07.019 -
Nitric Oxide : Biology and Chemistry Nov 2013l-Arginine and its decarboxylated product, agmatine are important mediators of NO production and vascular relaxation. However, the underlying mechanisms of their action...
l-Arginine and its decarboxylated product, agmatine are important mediators of NO production and vascular relaxation. However, the underlying mechanisms of their action are not understood. We have investigated the role of arginine and agmatine in resistance vessel relaxation of Sprague-Dawley (SD) and Dahl salt-sensitive hypertensive rats. Second or 3rd-order mesenteric arterioles were cannulated in an organ chamber, pressurized and equilibrated before perfusing intraluminally with agonists. The vessel diameters were measured after mounting on the stage of a microscope fitted with a video camera. The gene expression in Dahl rat vessel homogenates was ascertained by real-time PCR. l-Arginine initiated relaxations (EC50, 5.8±0.7mM; n=9) were inhibited by arginine decarboxylase (ADC) inhibitor, difluoromethylarginine (DFMA) (EC50, 18.3±1.3mM; n=5) suggesting that arginine-induced vessel relaxation was mediated by agmatine formation. Agmatine relaxed the SD rat vessels at significantly lower concentrations (EC50, 138.7±12.1μM; n=22), which was compromised by l-NAME (l-N(G)-nitroarginine methyl ester, an eNOS inhibitor), RX821002 (α-2 AR antagonist) and pertussis toxin (G-protein inhibitor). The agmatine-mediated vessel relaxation from high salt Dahl rats was abolished as compared to that from normal salt rats (EC50, 143.9±23.4μM; n=5). The α-2A AR, α-2B AR and eNOS mRNA expression was downregulated in mesenteric arterioles of high-salt treated Dahl hypertensive rats. These findings demonstrate that agmatine facilitated the relaxation via activation of α-2 adrenergic G-protein coupled receptor and NO synthesis, and this pathway is compromised in salt-sensitive hypertension.
Topics: Agmatine; Animals; Arginine; Carboxy-Lyases; Hypertension; Male; Mesenteric Arteries; Nitric Oxide; Rats; Rats, Inbred Dahl; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Vasodilation
PubMed: 23994446
DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2013.08.005 -
The Journal of International Medical... Dec 2017Objective To investigate the potential correlation between sonographically measured mesenteric fat thickness (MFT) and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in a...
Objective To investigate the potential correlation between sonographically measured mesenteric fat thickness (MFT) and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) in a sample of healthy Chinese male young adults. Methods Healthy male participants were recruited from Hong Kong Polytechnic University for this prospective observational study. The physical activity readiness questionnaire and ultrasound measurements of carotid intima media thickness were used to screen for clinically healthy subjects. MFT and brachial artery FMD were measured by ultrasound, and body mass index (BMI) was recorded. Results A total of 34 healthy male subjects, aged 19-26 years (mean ± SD BMI, 21.7 ± 3.2 kg/m) were included. Pearson's correlation coefficient test showed that brachial artery FMD had a statistically significant inverse relationship with BMI and with Log (MFT). Further stepwise multiple linear regression analysis showed that Log (MFT), and not BMI, was an independent predictor of impaired brachial artery FMD. Conclusions Sonographic measurements of MFT were an independent predictor of brachial artery FMD in Chinese male young adults.
Topics: Adiposity; Adult; Asian People; Body Mass Index; Brachial Artery; Demography; Humans; Linear Models; Male; Mesenteric Arteries; Regional Blood Flow; Ultrasonography; Vasodilation; Young Adult
PubMed: 29239246
DOI: 10.1177/0300060516688407 -
British Journal of Pharmacology Nov 20011. Subtypes of alpha(1)-adrenoceptor-mediated contractions to noradrenaline in mouse mesenteric artery and abdominal aorta were examined. 2. In mesenteric artery,... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
1. Subtypes of alpha(1)-adrenoceptor-mediated contractions to noradrenaline in mouse mesenteric artery and abdominal aorta were examined. 2. In mesenteric artery, BMY7378, 5-methylurapidil, WB4101 and prazosin were inhibited contraction to noradrenaline The good correlation for pA(2) values of antagonists in native alpha(1D)- (rat thoracic aorta) adrenoceptor subtype and pK(i) values in rat cloned alpha(1d)-adrenoceptor with the pA(2) values estimated in the mouse mesenteric artery was obtained. However, the pA(2) value for BMY7378 is significantly lower than the accepted value against the alpha(1D)-adrenoceptor subtype. 3. In the abdominal aorta, it was obtained the regional difference for the sensitivity for noradrenaline. 4. In the upper abdominal aorta, the good correlation for the pA(2) values of the antagonists in the native alpha(1D)-adrenoceptor subtype and pK(i) values in the cloned alpha(1d)-adrenoceptor with the pA(2) values estimated in the upper abdominal aorta was obtained, and regression line was close to the line of identity. 5. In the lower abdominal aorta, the good correlation for the reported pK(i) values in the cloned alpha(1a)-adrenoceptor subtype with the pA(2) values estimated in the mouse lower abdominal aorta was obtained, and regression line was close to the line of identity. 6. In conclusion, the present functional data in the mouse suggest that (1) alpha(1D)-like adrenoceptors are present in the mesenteric artery, (2) there is the regional difference for the sensitivity for noradrenaline in the abdominal aorta and (3) noradrenaline evokes the contraction mediated through alpha(1D)-adrenoceptor in the upper abdominal aorta, whereas there is alpha(1A)-adrenoceptor-mediated contraction in the lower abdominal aorta.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Animals; Aorta, Abdominal; Dioxanes; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mesenteric Arteries; Mice; Norepinephrine; Piperazines; Prazosin; Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1; Vasoconstriction
PubMed: 11682453
DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0704350 -
Frontiers in Bioscience (Landmark... Jun 2022Although the mesenteric artery plays a key role in regulating peripheral blood pressure, the molecular mechanisms that underlie the development of essential hypertension...
BACKGROUND
Although the mesenteric artery plays a key role in regulating peripheral blood pressure, the molecular mechanisms that underlie the development of essential hypertension are not yet fully understood.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We explored candidate genes for hypertension using three related strains of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) that mimic human essential hypertension. In this study we used DNA microarrays, a powerful tool for studying genetic diseases, to compare gene expression in the mesenteric artery of three SHR substrains: SHR, stroke-prone SHR (SHRSP), and malignant SHRSP (M-SHRSP).
RESULTS
Compared to normotensive 6-week old Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY), higher blood pressure correlated with overexpression of 31 genes and with down regulation of 24 genes. , which negatively regulates potassium current, and the potassium channel genes, and , were associated with the onset of hypertension. In addition, and were identified as strengtheners of hypertension by analyzing up and down regulated genes at 9-weeks of age.
CONCLUSIONS
, and appear to be factors for the onset of hypertension, while and are as factors that strengthen hypertension. These findings contribute to our understanding of the pathophysiology of hypertension and to the development of treatment for this condition.
Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Essential Hypertension; Hypertension; Mesenteric Arteries; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Rats; Rats, Inbred SHR
PubMed: 35748267
DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2706191