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Acta Crystallographica. Section E,... Jun 2020The new copper(II) complex, namely, di-μ-chlorido-bis-{chlorido-[meth-yl(pyri-din-2-yl-methyl-idene)amine-κ ,']copper(II)}, [CuCl(CHN)], (I), with the ligand...
The new copper(II) complex, namely, di-μ-chlorido-bis-{chlorido-[meth-yl(pyri-din-2-yl-methyl-idene)amine-κ ,']copper(II)}, [CuCl(CHN)], (I), with the ligand 2-pyridyl-methyl--methyl-imine (, a product of Schiff base condensation between methyl-amine and 2-pyridine-carbaldehyde) is built of discrete centrosymmetric dimers. The coordination about the Cu ion can be described as distorted square pyramidal. The base of the pyramid consists of two nitro-gen atoms from the bidentate chelate [Cu-N = 2.0241 (9), 2.0374 (8) Å] and two chlorine atoms [Cu-Cl = 2.2500 (3), 2.2835 (3) Å]. The apical position is occupied by another Cl atom with the apical bond being significantly elongated at 2.6112 (3) Å. The angles of the base are 155.16 (3) and 173.79 (2)°. The CuCu separation in the dimer is 3.4346 (3) Å. In the crystal structure, the loosely packed dimers are arranged in stacks propagating along the axis. The X-band polycrystalline 77 K EPR spectrum of (I) demonstrates a typical axial pattern characteristic of mononuclear Cu complexes. Compound (I) is redox active and shows a cyclic voltammetric response with = -0.037 V silver-silver chloride electrode (SSCE) assignable to the reduction peak of Cu/Cu in methanol as solvent.
PubMed: 32523740
DOI: 10.1107/S2056989020005903 -
Acta Crystallographica. Section E,... Apr 2010The title salt, [Ni(2)(C(16)H(18)ClN(2)O(2))(2)(CH(3)COO)]Cl, features a dinuclear cation in which the Ni atoms are triply bridged by two phenolate O ligands and a...
The title salt, [Ni(2)(C(16)H(18)ClN(2)O(2))(2)(CH(3)COO)]Cl, features a dinuclear cation in which the Ni atoms are triply bridged by two phenolate O ligands and a bidentate acetate ligand with all of the bridging distances essentially symmetric. Each Ni atom is also coordinated by the amine N, pyridine N and hydr-oxy O atoms of the 2-{[(3-chloro-2-hydroxy-prop-yl)(2-pyridylmeth-yl)amino]meth-yl}phenolate ligand which is, therefore, penta-dentate. The resultant N(3)O(3) donor sets define octa-hedral coordination geometries. The chloride counter-anion is connected to the cation via two O(hydr-oxy)-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds.
PubMed: 21579048
DOI: 10.1107/S160053681001442X -
Acta Crystallographica. Section E,... Apr 2009The title compound, C(13)H(17)N(5)OS, was obtained by cyclo-addition of 2-[2-(methyl-sulfan-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl]-3-oxo-propane-nitrile with...
The title compound, C(13)H(17)N(5)OS, was obtained by cyclo-addition of 2-[2-(methyl-sulfan-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl]-3-oxo-propane-nitrile with (tetra-hydro-furan-3-yl)hydrazine dihydro-chloride and subsequent N-methyl-ation of 4-[2-(methyl-sulfan-yl)-pyrimidin-4-yl]-1-(tetra-hydro-furan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazol-5-amine with methyl iodide. The two mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit have opposite absolute configurations and are related by a noncrystallographic inversion center. Both feature intra-mol-ecular N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds. The geometry of the mol-ecules is similar to that observed in the structure of a single enanti-omer of the title compound.
PubMed: 21583904
DOI: 10.1107/S1600536809014317 -
Acta Crystallographica. Section E,... Feb 2009The title compound, C(10)H(12)N(3)O(+)·Cl(-), is a derivative of o-phthaldehyde and methyl-thio-urea. The mol-ecules form dimers through intra- and inter-molecular...
The title compound, C(10)H(12)N(3)O(+)·Cl(-), is a derivative of o-phthaldehyde and methyl-thio-urea. The mol-ecules form dimers through intra- and inter-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The dimers are further linked into chains through one C-H⋯Cl and two N-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds.
PubMed: 21582121
DOI: 10.1107/S1600536809003699 -
Acta Crystallographica. Section E,... Dec 2009In the crystal structure of the title compound, C(22)H(26)N(+)·Cl(-), the piperidine ring is in a chair conformation and the two styryl groups are in axial and...
In the crystal structure of the title compound, C(22)H(26)N(+)·Cl(-), the piperidine ring is in a chair conformation and the two styryl groups are in axial and equatorial positions. The mol-ecule has a hydrogen bond between the NH group and the chloride anion.
PubMed: 21580177
DOI: 10.1107/S1600536809049587 -
Polymers Jul 2021Bio-based hydrogels that adsorb contaminant dyes, such as methyl orange (MO), were synthesized and characterized in this study. The synthesis of...
Bio-based hydrogels that adsorb contaminant dyes, such as methyl orange (MO), were synthesized and characterized in this study. The synthesis of poly([2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl] trimethylammonium chloride) and poly(ClAETA) hydrogels containing cellulose nanofibrillated (CNF) was carried out by free-radical polymerization based on a factorial experimental design. The hydrogels were characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetry. Adsorption studies of MO were performed, varying time, pH, CNF concentration, initial dye concentration and reuse cycles, determining that when the hydrogels were reinforced with CNF, the dye removal values reached approximately 96%, and that the material was stable when the maximum swelling capacity was attained. The maximum amount of MO retained per gram of hydrogel (q = mg MO g) was 1379.0 mg g for the hydrogel containing 1% (w w) CNF. Furthermore, it was found that the absorption capacity of MO dye can be improved when the medium pH tends to be neutral (pH = 7.64). The obtained hydrogels can be applicable for the treatment of water containing anionic dyes.
PubMed: 34301023
DOI: 10.3390/polym13142265 -
Biological Trace Element Research May 2016The objective of this study is to investigate the impacts of Methyl Mercury Chloride (MMC) on cognitive functions and ultrastructural changes of hippocampus in Sprague...
The objective of this study is to investigate the impacts of Methyl Mercury Chloride (MMC) on cognitive functions and ultrastructural changes of hippocampus in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Thirty healthy 20-day-old male SD rats weighing 30-40 g were randomly divided into three groups to receive daily injections. Two different dose levels were used: 4 mg/kg as high dose (H-MMC) and 2 mg/kg as low dose (L-MMC).The control group received 4 mg/kg saline solution (N-NaCl). After daily subcutaneous injection for 50 days, 6-day Morris water maze tests were used to assess the learning and memory functions of the rats. After a 5-day continuous training, spatial probe tests were conducted of times and paths crossing to the target quadrant on the 6th day. After the rats were euthanized, their hippocampus sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and analyzed under bothoptical microscope and electron microscope. The time H-MMC group spent in finding platform was significantly longer as compared toN-NaCl group on day 2 to day 5 and L-MMC group on day 4 to day 5. The number of crossing times of H-MMC group to the target quadrant was 0.63 ± 0.74, which is much lower than C-NaCl group (3.13 ± 1.56) with P value <0.05. No statistically significant difference in crossing times was found between L-MMC and C-NaCl groups. For H-MMC group, decreasing number of neurons and disorganized nerve cells were examined under light microscope. Swelling and dissolution of Golgi complex were examined under electron microscope, along with endoplasmic reticulum expansion and cytoplasmic edema. Mild cytoplasmic edema was found in L-MMC group. MMC can cause cognitive impairment in terms of learning and memory in SD rats. Additionally, it can also cause changes in the ultrastructure of neurons and morphological changes in the hippocampus, causing significant damage.
Topics: Animals; Cognition Disorders; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hippocampus; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Maze Learning; Methylmercury Compounds; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley
PubMed: 26358766
DOI: 10.1007/s12011-015-0492-3 -
Acta Crystallographica. Section E,... Oct 2017Three manganese(II) -oxide complexes have been synthesized from the reaction of manganese(II) chloride with either pyridine -oxide (PNO), 2-methyl-pyridine -oxide...
Three manganese(II) -oxide complexes have been synthesized from the reaction of manganese(II) chloride with either pyridine -oxide (PNO), 2-methyl-pyridine -oxide (2MePNO) or 3-methyl-pyridine -oxide (3MePNO). The compounds were synthesized from methano-lic solutions of MnCl·4HO and the respective -oxide, and subsequently characterized structurally by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The compounds are -poly[[aqua-chlorido-manganese(II)]-di-μ-chlorido-[aqua-chlorido-manganese(II)]-bis-(μ-pyridine -oxide)], [MnCl(CHNO)(HO)] or [MnCl(PNO)(HO)] (), -poly[[aqua-chlorido-man-gan-ese(II)]-di-μ-chlorido-[aqua-chlorido-manganese(II)]-bis-(μ-2-methyl-pyridine -oxide)], [MnCl(CHNO)(HO)] or [MnCl(2MePNO)(HO)] (), and bis-(μ-3-methyl-pyridine -oxide)bis-[di-aqua-dichlorido-manganese(II)], [MnCl(CHNO)(HO)] or [MnCl(3MePNO)(HO)] (). The Mn atoms are found in pseudo-octa-hedral environments for each of the three complexes. Compound forms a coordination polymer with alternating pairs of bridging -oxide and chloride ligands. The coordination environment is defined by two PNO bridging O atoms, two chloride bridging atoms, a terminal chloride, and a terminal water. Compound also forms a coordination polymer with a similar metal cation; however, the coordination polymer is bridged between Mn atoms by both a single chloride and 2MePNO. The distorted octahedrally coordinated metal cation is defined by two bridging 2MePNO to each other, two chlorides, also to one another in the equatorial (polymeric) plane, and a terminal chloride and terminal water. Finally, complex forms a dimer with two bridging 3MePNOs, two terminal chlorides and two terminal waters forming the six-coordinate metal environment. All three compounds exhibit hydrogen bonding between the coordinating water(s) and terminal chlorides.
PubMed: 29250353
DOI: 10.1107/S2056989017012038 -
Journal of Dental Research Mar 2015Amelogenins are the most abundant protein species in forming dental enamel, taken to regulate crystal shape and crystal growth. Unprotonated amelogenins can bind... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Amelogenins are the most abundant protein species in forming dental enamel, taken to regulate crystal shape and crystal growth. Unprotonated amelogenins can bind protons, suggesting that amelogenins could regulate the pH in enamel in situ. We hypothesized that without amelogenins the enamel would acidify unless ameloblasts were buffered by alternative ways. To investigate this, we measured the mineral and chloride content in incisor enamel of amelogenin-knockout (AmelX(-/-)) mice and determined the pH of enamel by staining with methyl-red. Ameloblasts were immunostained for anion exchanger-2 (Ae2), a transmembrane pH regulator sensitive for acid that secretes bicarbonate in exchange for chloride. The enamel of AmelX(-/-) mice was 10-fold thinner, mineralized in the secretory stage 1.8-fold more than wild-type enamel and containing less chloride (suggesting more bicarbonate secretion). Enamel of AmelX(-/-) mice stained with methyl-red contained no acidic bands in the maturation stage as seen in wild-type enamel. Secretory ameloblasts of AmelX(-/-) mice, but not wild-type mice, were immunopositive for Ae2, and stained more intensely in the maturation stage compared with wild-type mice. Exposure of AmelX(-/-) mice to fluoride enhanced the mineral content in the secretory stage, lowered chloride, and intensified Ae2 immunostaining in the enamel organ in comparison with non-fluorotic mutant teeth. The results suggest that unprotonated amelogenins may regulate the pH of forming enamel in situ. Without amelogenins, Ae2 could compensate for the pH drop associated with crystal formation.
Topics: Ameloblasts; Amelogenesis; Amelogenin; Animals; Azo Compounds; Buffers; Chloride-Bicarbonate Antiporters; Chlorides; Coloring Agents; Crystallization; Dental Enamel; Electron Probe Microanalysis; Enamel Organ; Fluorides; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Microscopy, Electron; Minerals; X-Ray Microtomography
PubMed: 25535204
DOI: 10.1177/0022034514564186 -
Acta Crystallographica. Section E,... Mar 2010The structure of the title compound, [NaRuCl(4)(C(2)H(6)OS)(2)](n), comprises centrosymmetric [RuCl(2)(DMSO)Na(DMSO)Cl(2)Ru] units (DMSO is dimethyl sulfoxide,...
The structure of the title compound, [NaRuCl(4)(C(2)H(6)OS)(2)](n), comprises centrosymmetric [RuCl(2)(DMSO)Na(DMSO)Cl(2)Ru] units (DMSO is dimethyl sulfoxide, C(2)H(6)OS), with two Ru atoms, each lying on a crystallographic centre of inversion, connected via Na atoms, DMSO and chloride ligands into a two-dimensional (110) array. Both Ru(III) atoms are octa-hedrally coordinated by four chloride ligands in the equatorial plane and by two DMSO mol-ecules in apical positions within a RuCl(4)S(2) donor set. The Na atom is surrounded by three chloride anions and three O atoms derived from three DMSO mol-ecules, with the resulting Cl(3)O(3) donor set defining an octa-hedron. The crystal structure is further stabilized by inter-atomic inter-actions of the types C⋯Cl [C-Cl = 3.284 (2) Å], C-H⋯Cl [C⋯Cl = 3.903 (3) Å] and C-H⋯O [C⋯O = 3.376 (3) Å].
PubMed: 21580464
DOI: 10.1107/S1600536810007063