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Theriogenology Nov 2017The use of oils with undetected alterations is a long-recognized problem for in vitro embryo production systems. Since peroxides in oils have been associated with...
The use of oils with undetected alterations is a long-recognized problem for in vitro embryo production systems. Since peroxides in oils have been associated with reduced embryo production outcomes, our goals were (1) to evaluate the effects of a batch of mineral oil (MO) that was suspected to be altered on the in vitro production of pig embryos and (2) to determine oil peroxide values throughout culture and the transfer of oxidant agents from oil to culture media. Sunflower oil, which has a completely different chemical composition than MO but a higher oxidative status, and unaltered MO were used as controls. Oocyte maturation, fertilization and embryo development were affected differently depending on the oil overlay used. While the suspected MO was not able to sustain in vitro maturation and fertilization, the oocytes incubated in the presence of sunflower oil were matured and fertilized similarly to those of the unaltered MO group. Moreover, the cleavage rate of presumed zygotes cultured under the suspected MO was severely reduced compared with those cultured under the other oils, and none of the cleaved embryos developed to the blastocyst stage. Although the cleavage rates in the sunflower oil and unaltered MO groups were similar, embryos cultured under sunflower oil also failed to develop to the blastocyst stage. Our results revealed that the suspected MO and sunflower oil had similar levels of peroxides and that these levels were much higher than those of the unaltered MO. The total oxidant status was higher in media incubated under peroxidized oils than in fresh media or media incubated without an oil overlay or under unaltered MO, indicating that oxidant agents were transferred to the incubation media. However, unlike the sunflower oil group, the culture media incubated under the suspected MO had high levels of total oxidant status and low levels of hydrogen peroxide and reactive oxygen species, suggesting the presence of other unknown oxidant agents in that oil. These results indicate that a peroxidized MO overlay dramatically decreases embryo production outcomes. This decrease could be associated with the higher peroxide values of the oil but cannot be explained by the levels of hydrogen peroxide and reactive oxygen species transferred from the oil to the culture media. It is likely that different oxidant agent(s) and/or other toxic compounds present in the peroxidized MO are responsible for its damaging effects on oocytes and embryos.
Topics: Animals; Culture Media; Cumulus Cells; Embryo Culture Techniques; Embryo, Mammalian; Embryonic Development; Fertilization in Vitro; In Vitro Oocyte Maturation Techniques; Mineral Oil; Oocytes; Oxidants; Oxidation-Reduction; Swine
PubMed: 28763725
DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.07.028 -
PloS One 2016Due to increased resistance and safety concerns with insecticide-based pediculicides, there is growing demand for head lice treatments with a physical mode of action.... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Due to increased resistance and safety concerns with insecticide-based pediculicides, there is growing demand for head lice treatments with a physical mode of action. Certain mineral oils kill lice by blocking spiracles or by disrupting the epicuticular wax layer. The present study was performed to evaluate efficacy and safety of a mineral oil-based shampoo.
METHODS
This randomized, controlled, investigator-blinded, monocentric study (EudraCT registration no. 2014-002918-23) was performed from October 2014-June 2015 in Germany. A mineral oil shampoo (Mosquito® Med Läuse Shampoo 10 in Germany, Paranix or Silcap shampoo elsewhere), registered as medical device, was compared to a conventional, locally reimbursed, pyrethroid-based pediculicide (Goldgeist® Forte solution). In total, 107 patients (>1 year) with confirmed head lice infestation were included (test arm: n = 53; control arm: n = 54). All subjects received two applications of either test or control product at day 0 and day 7, according to the instructions for use. Efficacy and safety was evaluated directly, 1h and 24h after first application, before and after second treatment, and at day 10. The main objective was demonstrating a cure rate for the test product, being superior to 70% at day 10.
RESULTS
Cure rates at day 10 (corrected for re-infestation) for the test product (96.1%) and control (94%) significantly exceeded the pre-defined target (70%) (p < 0.001, 2-sided, 1-sample, chi-square test) with confirmed non-inferiority for the test product. Over all visits, cure rates were consistently higher for the test product, whereas more initially-cured subjects remained lice-free until end of study (78%; control: 60%). Both products were safe and well tolerated, offering good esthetical effects.
CONCLUSION
This study showed that substance-based medical devices (including the tested mineral oil shampoo) can be safe and effective alternatives for insecticide-based pediculicides, with less risk for development of resistance because of the physical mode of action.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) DRKS00009753 and EudraCT database 2014-002918-23.
Topics: Administration, Topical; Adolescent; Adult; Animals; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Hair Preparations; Humans; Insecticides; Lice Infestations; Male; Middle Aged; Mineral Oil; Pediculus; Scalp Dermatoses; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 27286033
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156853 -
Heliyon Sep 2023Integrating nanotechnology in dielectric fluid significantly inhibits losses and boosts overall dielectric fluid performance. There has been research done on the effects...
Integrating nanotechnology in dielectric fluid significantly inhibits losses and boosts overall dielectric fluid performance. There has been research done on the effects of introducing various nanoparticles, such as titania, alumina, silica nanodiamonds, etc. In this paper, a novel nanoparticle, Ceria (CeO), has been used, and its properties were examined using the FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) spectrum, the XRD (X-ray Diffraction) spectrum, the SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), and the TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy). This paper illustrates an efficient dielectric fluid prepared by the successful dispersion of Cerium Oxide (CeO) nanoparticles in various concentrations into four commercial oils, namely mineral oil, rapeseed oil, synthetic ester oil, and soybean oil, to enhance and improve their dielectric characteristics. The performance investigation emphasises breakdown strength enhancement and other dielectric properties of the colloidal solution comprising different nanoparticle (NP) concentrations. Various commercial oils are used as a base in nano-oil to diversify their applicability as dielectric fluids by measuring the correlation in dielectric parameters and statistically assessing their applicability with normal and Weibull distributions. The obtained experimental data sets were analyzed using the Statistics and Machine Learning Toolbox in MATLAB. The aging measurement has been done only on mineral oil, and results were matched using a predictive model of statistics and the Machine Learning Toolbox in MATLAB. Well-dispersed CeO NPs in the insulating oils lead to a significant increase in AC breakdown strength. The effect of ageing on the dielectric properties of nano oils yields better results than conventionally aged oil. It has been observed that the breakdown voltage is enhanced by up to 30% for mineral oil at an optimal concentration of 0.01 g/L, 9% for synthetic ester oil at 0.03 g/L, 18% for rapeseed oil at 0.02 g/L, and 19% for soybean oil at 0.03 g/L nanoparticle concentration. Following the dispersion of CeO nanoparticles, the dielectric constant of all insulating oils has also significantly improved. The overall experimental results are promising and show the potential of the CeO NPs-based nano oil as an efficient and highly performing dielectric oil for different power applications.
PubMed: 37662719
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19264 -
Journal of Chromatography. A Oct 2022Refined edible oils and fats are known to contain olefins resisting the typical epoxidation used for the sample preparation of mineral oil saturated and aromatic...
Automated workflow utilizing saponification and improved epoxidation for the sensitive determination of mineral oil saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons in edible oils and fats.
Refined edible oils and fats are known to contain olefins resisting the typical epoxidation used for the sample preparation of mineral oil saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons (MOSH and MOAH). These olefins can be misinterpreted as MOAH and are therefore an important reason for inconsistent results between laboratories. Collaborative trials confirm this assumption for low MOAH contents near the quantitation limits regularly. In the scope of this work, a new epoxidation approach was developed. Persistent olefins in refined oils could be successfully epoxidized with performic acid. The reaction kinetics was investigated using model substances for biogenic olefins and MOAH. It was rationalized why certain olefins resist epoxidation and which MOAH can potentially get lost. A prominent peak cluster in the MOAH fraction of refined palm oils could be identified by means of GC-MS and explained why it cannot be epoxidized. Based upon this, an automated and streamlined workflow for sample preparation and analysis was composed tackling major problems identified in previously published methods. Optimized and miniaturized saponification, extraction, epoxidation, and enrichment paired with online LC-GC-FID led to a robust method that was tested and validated for edible oils and fats (RSD < 7% for MOSH and MOAH at values of 14.9 and 2.1 mg/kg, respectively). Due to increased sample amount and minimized blank values, quantitation limits below 1 mg/kg for MOSH and MOAH were achieved. The trueness of the method was verified by analyzing collaborative trial samples.
Topics: Alkenes; Fats; Food Contamination; Hydrocarbons; Hydrocarbons, Aromatic; Mineral Oil; Plant Oils; Workflow
PubMed: 36179602
DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463523 -
JBMR Plus Oct 2019Silicone/mineral oil-induced granulomas have been described as an inflammatory granulomatous response when silicone/mineral oil is injected for cosmetic purposes. These...
Silicone/mineral oil-induced granulomas have been described as an inflammatory granulomatous response when silicone/mineral oil is injected for cosmetic purposes. These sclerosing granulomas can lead to hypercalcemia. Here we present a 33-year-old man with hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, progressively worsening fatigue, severe proximal muscle weakness, and depression. He had an athletic build with increased muscle bulk and several areas of indurated, nontender, firm, well-circumscribed lesions in the subcutaneous tissue of his anterior pectoralis, triceps, and biceps bilaterally because of injecting himself with silicone/mineral oil-based product into his muscles. Sclerosing granulomas were diagnosed on the MRI. He had extremely low or undetectable serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], and persistently elevated serum levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [1,25(OH)D] and calcium. He developed hypophosphatemia associated with elevated levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) and severe proximal muscle weakness. Treatment with systemic steroids, furosemide, calcitonin, ketoconazole, and denosumab resulted in a significant decrease in his serum calcium, but with minimal impact on his hypophosphatemia and fatigue.Correcting his severe vitamin D deficiency with small doses of vitamin D and raising his blood level of 25(OH)D from undetectable to 10 ng/mL without significantly affecting his serum calcium or phosphate was effective in reversing his severe proximal muscle weakness, permitting him to lift his head and to be free of his wheelchair. Although measurement of the 1,25(OH)D level is not mandatory in all cases of hypercalcemia, it is indicated in a patient who has low serum PTH levels. Clinicians need to be aware that vitamin D deficiency can cause severe proximal muscle weakness such that the patient is unable to lift his head from his chest or ambulate. This may lead to a psychiatric disorder misdiagnosis. © 2019 The Authors. is published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
PubMed: 31687644
DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10208 -
Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons... Aug 1974A relatively high incidence of cancer of the skin, especially of the scrotum, due to occupational contact with mineral oil has been observed among shale oil workers and...
A relatively high incidence of cancer of the skin, especially of the scrotum, due to occupational contact with mineral oil has been observed among shale oil workers and cotton mule spinners and, since the Second World War, among machine operators in the Birmingham region. A study has been made of the factors causing this high incidence and evidence is given that the respiratory and digestive tracts as well as the skin may be affected. The preventive measures are described and the suggestion made that they appear at the present time to be effective.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Animals; Child; Engineering; England; Female; France; Gossypium; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Mineral Oil; Neoplasms; Occupational Diseases; Scrotum; Skin Neoplasms; Textile Industry; Urogenital Neoplasms; Vulvar Neoplasms
PubMed: 4858528
DOI: No ID Found -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2021We investigated the effects of chronic oral administration of mineral oil, versus corn oil as control, on intestinal permeability, inflammatory markers, and plasma...
We investigated the effects of chronic oral administration of mineral oil, versus corn oil as control, on intestinal permeability, inflammatory markers, and plasma lipids in APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice. Mice received mineral oil or corn oil 15 or 30 μL/mouse/day for 16 weeks (15 mice/group). Intestinal permeability was increased with mineral versus corn oil 30 µL/day, shown by increased mean plasma FITC-dextran concentrations 2 h post-administration (11 weeks: 1.5 versus 1.1 μg/ml, = 0.02; 15 weeks: 1.7 versus 1.3 μg/ml, = 0.08). Mean plasma lipopolysaccharide-binding protein levels were raised with mineral versus corn oil 30 µL/day (12 weeks: 5.8 versus 4.4 μg/ml, = 0.03; 16 weeks: 5.8 versus 4.5 μg/ml, = 0.09), indicating increased intestinal bacterial endotoxin absorption and potential pro-inflammatory effects. Plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were decreased with mineral oil, without affecting liver lipids among treated groups. Fecal neutral sterol measurements indicated increased fecal cholesterol excretion with mineral oil 30 µL/day (+16%; = 0.04). Chronic oral administration of mineral oil in APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice increased intestinal permeability, with potential pro-inflammatory effects, and decreased plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels. Our findings may raise concerns about the use of mineral oil as a placebo in clinical studies.
PubMed: 34483899
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.681455 -
Heliyon Jan 2023This article presents the hypothetical steps leading to the damage of power transformers in order to examine whether there is a correlation between the electrostatic...
A study of correlation between the ect and ehd properties of different aged insulating oil mixtures that can Be an alternative to mineral oil for the insulation and cooling of power transformers.
This article presents the hypothetical steps leading to the damage of power transformers in order to examine whether there is a correlation between the electrostatic properties (ECT) and the electro-hydrodynamic properties (EHD) of insulating oils. Vegetable oils such as, olive oil (OO) and sunflower oil (SO) have been tested as alternative oils for the insulation and cooling of transformers and their blends with naphthenic mineral oil (MO) on the basis of well-defined ratios and for a remarkable aging time, which is an original contribution and insight offered by this paper. The results obtained for the different mixtures with regard to the electrostatic properties and the electro-hydrodynamic properties as well as the physico-chemical properties (power factor "tgδ", resistivity, conductivity and viscosity) in terms of the aging time were compared with that of the mineral oil. The study of the physico-chemical properties of insulating oils and their mixtures is carried out according to international standards.
PubMed: 36685380
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12693 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Aug 2021A method was developed for the determination of mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons (MOSH) and mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons (MOAH) in edible oils, achieving similar...
Offline Solid-Phase Extraction and Separation of Mineral Oil Saturated Hydrocarbons and Mineral Oil Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Edible Oils, and Analysis via GC with a Flame Ionization Detector.
A method was developed for the determination of mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons (MOSH) and mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons (MOAH) in edible oils, achieving similar limits of quantification than those obtained by online extraction methodologies, i.e., 0.5 mg/kg. The isolation of MOSH and MOAH was performed in a silver nitrated silica gel stationary phase prior to their analysis by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID). To improve the sensitivity, the simulated on-column injection method, using a suitable liner, was optimized. The method was validated at 0.5, 10.0 and 17.9 mg/kg, and recoveries ranged from 80 to 110%. Intra and inter-day precision were evaluated at the same levels, and relative standard deviation (RSD) was lower than 20%. The method was applied to a total of 27 samples of different types of oil previously analyzed in an accredited laboratory, detecting MOSH up to 79.2 mg/kg and MOAH up to 22.4 mg/kg.
PubMed: 34574136
DOI: 10.3390/foods10092026 -
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2023Many common insect pests have developed resistance against the pesticides currently available, to the point where pest and disease management has become extremely...
Many common insect pests have developed resistance against the pesticides currently available, to the point where pest and disease management has become extremely difficult and expensive, increasing pressure on agriculture and food production. There is an urgent need to explore and utilize alternatives. Due to their unique mode of action, photosensitizers may be able to control insect pests effectively, especially in combination with oil-based products, without the risk of resistance build-up. In this study, the efficacy of a mineral oil-based horticultural spray oil, PureSpray™ Green (PSG), and a sodium magnesium chlorophyllin photosensitizer formulation, SUN-D-06 PS, were evaluated and compared to a registered cyantraniliprole insecticide (as positive control) and a negative control against western flower thrips (WFT), . In detached leaf ingestion assays, PSG at high concentration was more effective than low concentration, causing >70% WFT mortality, whilst SUN-D-06 PS + PSG caused higher mortality than cyantraniliprole after five days of feeding. The same combination was as effective as cyantraniliprole in the contact assay. In greenhouse pepper, the photosensitizer decreased the WFT more than mineral oil applied alone, whilst a combination treatment of SUN-D-06 PS + PSG was most effective, decreasing the WFT population to fewer than four WFT per plant. SUN-D-06 PS + PSG shows promise as a sustainable, economical way of controlling WFT, with the potential to be incorporated into existing integrated pest (and disease) management (IPM) programs with ease.
PubMed: 36978362
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12030495