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Brazilian Oral Research 2011Dental biofilm control represents a basic procedure to prevent caries and the occurrence of periodontal diseases. Currently, toothbrushes and dentifrices are used almost... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Dental biofilm control represents a basic procedure to prevent caries and the occurrence of periodontal diseases. Currently, toothbrushes and dentifrices are used almost universally, and the employment of good oral hygiene allows for appropriate biofilm removal by both mechanical and chemical control. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of adding vegetable or mineral oil to a commercially available dentifrice in dental biofilm control. A comparison using the Oral Hygiene Index Simplified (OHI-S) was performed in 30 individuals who were randomly divided into three groups. Group 1 (G1) received a commercially available dentifrice; the composition of this dentifrice was modified by addition of mineral oil (Nujol®) for group 2 (G2) or a vegetable oil (Alpha Care®) for group 3 (G3) at 10% of the total volume, respectively. The two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (two-way ANOVA) was used to test the effect of group (G1, G2 and G3) or time (baseline, 45 days and 90 days) on the OHI-S index scores. Statistical analysis revealed a significant reduction in the OHI-S at day 90 in G2 (p < 0.05) and G3 (p < 0.0001) in comparison to G1. Therefore, the addition of a vegetable or a mineral oil to a commercially available dentifrice improved dental biofilm control, suggesting that these oils may aid in the prevention and/or control of caries and periodontal disease.
Topics: Adolescent; Analysis of Variance; Bertholletia; Biofilms; Dental Caries; Dental Plaque; Dentifrices; Female; Humans; Male; Mineral Oil; Nuts; Oral Hygiene Index; Periodontal Diseases; Plant Oils; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 22147238
DOI: 10.1590/s1806-83242011000600014 -
Physiology & Behavior Mar 2017Does eating good-tasting food influence body weight? To investigate, we first established some concentrations of sucralose and mineral oil in chow that mice strongly...
Does eating good-tasting food influence body weight? To investigate, we first established some concentrations of sucralose and mineral oil in chow that mice strongly preferred. Then, in Experiment 1, we compared groups of 16 mice fed plain chow (i.e., chow with no additives) to groups fed chow with added (a) sucralose, (b) mineral oil, (c) sucralose and mineral oil, or (d) sucralose on odd days and mineral oil on even days. During a 6-week test, the body weights and body compositions of the five groups never differed. In Experiment 2, we compared groups of 18 mice fed plain chow or plain high-fat diet to groups fed these diets with added sucralose. During a 9-week test, the high-fat diet caused weight gain, but the body weights of mice fed the sucralose-sweetened diets did not differ from those fed the corresponding plain versions. Two-cup choice tests conducted at the end of each experiment showed persisting strong preferences for the diets with added sucralose and/or mineral oil. In concert with earlier work, our results challenge the hypothesis that the orosensory properties of a food influence body weight gain. A good taste can stimulate food intake acutely, and guide selection toward nutrient-dense foods that cause weight gain, but it does not determine how much is eaten chronically.
Topics: Animal Feed; Animals; Body Composition; Diet, High-Fat; Dietary Fats; Energy Intake; Food Preferences; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mineral Oil; Sucrose; Sweetening Agents; Taste Perception; Weight Gain
PubMed: 27988248
DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.12.013 -
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine 2013The efficacy of orally administered therapeutics for the treatment of cantharidin intoxication has not been evaluated in controlled studies.
BACKGROUND
The efficacy of orally administered therapeutics for the treatment of cantharidin intoxication has not been evaluated in controlled studies.
OBJECTIVE
To develop a model of acute cantharidin intoxication in laboratory rats and to evaluate in this model the relative efficacy of 3 gastrointestinal therapies used to treat equine cantharidin toxicosis.
ANIMALS
Sixty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats.
METHODS
A blinded, randomized, controlled study was performed on rats surgically implanted with telemetry transmitters for evaluating heart rate, locomotor activity, and body temperature. Orogastric administration of cantharidin was performed within 15 seconds before administration of mineral oil, activated charcoal, or smectite. Negative control groups received therapeutic agents alone. Urine was collected for cantharidin analysis. Rats were sacrificed 24 hours after intoxication, and tissues were collected for histopathologic evaluation. Data analysis included ANOVA procedures and contingency tables.
RESULTS
Six of 8 cantharidin-intoxicated rats treated with mineral oil died; bradycardia and hypothermia developed in the animals of this group 0-8 hours after intoxication. Rats treated with mineral oil had higher urine cantharidin concentrations than rats receiving cantharidin alone or with smectite (P = .04). The most severe hypothermia (30.6°C ± 1.0) developed in rats administered mineral oil at 4-8 hours after intoxication, whereas those treated with charcoal (35.2°C ± 0.8) had mean body temperatures higher than all other treatment groups (P = .03). Survival times in the charcoal (P = .16) and smectite (P = .12) treatment groups were not statistically different from negative controls.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE
Mineral oil is often used in the treatment of equine cantharidin toxicosis. Our findings suggest that mineral oil increases cantharidin absorption, worsening morbidity and fatality in rats.
Topics: Animals; Antidotes; Cantharidin; Charcoal; Drinking; Heart Rate; Male; Mineral Oil; Motor Activity; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Silicates; Urination
PubMed: 24033422
DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12164 -
Journal of Agricultural and Food... Dec 2022Mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons (MOAHs) include mutagenic and carcinogenic substances and are considered a potential health risk. Current methods address the total...
Mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons (MOAHs) include mutagenic and carcinogenic substances and are considered a potential health risk. Current methods address the total MOAH content but cannot address the actual toxicological hazard of individual components. This work presents a combined methodology closing those gaps: high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to gas chromatography with flame ionization detection was used to determine the MOAH content. To characterize present substance classes, comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry was applied. Preparative HPLC separated MOAHs into subgroups, which were tested with a miniaturized Ames test evaluating DNA reactivity of isolated fractions. Combining these methods allowed a correlation between present subgroups and DNA reactivity. The developed approach was applied to a mineral oil and distinguished between not DNA-reactive mono- and diaromatics and DNA-reactive tri- and polyaromatics, providing a proof of concept. Hereinafter, it will be applied to diverse sample matrices including mineral oils, food, and food contact materials.
Topics: Mineral Oil; Food Contamination; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; Hydrocarbons, Aromatic; Flame Ionization
PubMed: 36524957
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c05970 -
Journal of Chromatography. A Mar 2020Mineral oil hydrocarbons are used in the consumer goods sector for the elaboration of a wide range of foods and cosmetics. Traditional methods for determining their...
Supercritical fluid chromatography as a rapid single-step method for the determination of mineral oil saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons in purified mineral oils for food and cosmetics applications.
Mineral oil hydrocarbons are used in the consumer goods sector for the elaboration of a wide range of foods and cosmetics. Traditional methods for determining their levels and composition are time consuming and laborious, besides requiring complex instrumentation. Here a simple and fast method was developed that uses columns packed with silver-modified silica in supercritical fluid chromatography with flame ionization and UV detection (SFC-FID/UV) for the determination of mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons (MOSH) and mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons (MOAH) in purified mineral oil samples. The method requires no sample preparation apart from dilution. Direct quantification of MOSH and MOAH was possible for samples with MOSH/MOAH ratios around one. For other samples deconvolution of the MOSH and MOAH humps in the FID chromatogram using the UV signal was needed since baseline separation of the two fractions could not be obtained. Validation of the method performance showed an excellent linearity (R > 0.9995) in the range of concentrations tested (2.5-100 mgmL) and a better repeatability than the standard methods (<5%). MOAH detection limits were better than 0.36% MOAH, which makes the method sufficiently sensitive for analysis of all but the highest purity mineral oils. The proposed SFC-FID/UV method was suitable for the analysis of mineral oils with viscosities and molecular weights below approximately 56 mms and 450 gmol. The quantitative results of the new method were not statistically significantly different from those obtained with the standard SPE-GC-FID method where the new method has the advantages of a better repeatability, simpler operation and a significantly shortened analysis time. This new method could potentially also be used for the analysis of mineral oil contaminations in consumer products such as foods. However, in this case additional sample clean-up and preconcentration steps are needed for reducing matrix interferences from e.g. triglycerides and olefins and for improving the detection limits.
Topics: Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid; Cosmetics; Flame Ionization; Food Contamination; Hydrocarbons; Hydrocarbons, Aromatic; Limit of Detection; Mineral Oil
PubMed: 31761438
DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460713 -
PloS One 2020Food safety crises involving persistent organic pollutants [POPs, e.g. dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides] lead to systematic slaughter...
Undernutrition combined with dietary mineral oil hastens depuration of stored dioxin and polychlorinated biphenyls in ewes. 1. Kinetics in blood, adipose tissue and faeces.
Food safety crises involving persistent organic pollutants [POPs, e.g. dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides] lead to systematic slaughter of livestock to prevent their entry into the food chain. Therefore, there is a need to develop strategies to depurate livestock moderately contaminated with POPs in order to reduce such economic and social damages. This study aimed to test a POPs depuration strategy based on undernutrition (37% of energy requirements) combined with mineral oil (10% in total dry matter intake) in nine non-lactating ewes contaminated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and PCBs 126 and 153. In order to better understand the underlying mechanisms of the depuration process, POPs kinetics and body lipids dynamics were followed concomitantly over 57-day of depuration in POPs storage (adipose tissue, AT), central distribution (blood) and excretion (faeces) compartments. Faecal POPs concentrations in underfed and mineral oil supplemented ewes increased by 2.0 to 2.6-fold, but not proportionally to lipids concentration which increased by 6-fold, compared to the control ewes. Nonetheless, after 57 days of depuration in undernutrition and mineral oil supplementation, AT POPs concentrations were 1.5 to 1.6-fold higher while serum concentrations remained unchanged compared to the control ewes. This was concomitant with a decrease by 2.7-fold of the AT estimated lipids weight along the depuration period. This reduction of the volume of the storage compartment combined with the increase of POPs faecal excretion in underfed and mineral oil supplemented ewes led to a reduction by 1.5-fold of the PCB 126 AT burden, while no changes were observed for TCDD and PCB 153 burdens (vs. no change for PCB 126 and increases for TCDD and PCB 153 AT burdens in control ewes). The original approach of this study combining the fine description at once of POPs kinetic and of body lipids dynamic improved our understanding of POPs fate in the ruminant.
Topics: Adipose Tissue; Animals; Body Burden; Body Weight; Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; Dioxins; Environmental Pollutants; Feces; Kinetics; Lipids; Malnutrition; Polychlorinated Biphenyls; Sheep
PubMed: 32231376
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230629 -
JBRA Assisted Reproduction Mar 2023The objective of our study was to compare the osmolality in sequential and single step culture media, used for in vitro human embryo culture, covered with mineral oil... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
OBJECTIVE
The objective of our study was to compare the osmolality in sequential and single step culture media, used for in vitro human embryo culture, covered with mineral oil and paraffin, in dry and humid incubators.
METHODS
We performed a prospective observational study. A total of 120 Petri dishes, with 960 droplets of culture media, were evaluated. Each dish was prepared with 4 droplets of single step medium and sequential medium. Sixty dishes were covered with mineral oil and 60 with paraffin oil. Half were incubated in a dry incubator and half in a humid. Osmolality was measured on days 1, 3, 5, 7. ANOVA test was performed for statistical analysis.
RESULTS
Osmolality results for single step and sequential medium, that were covered with both mineral and paraffin oil and placed in the dry incubator, significantly increased throughout the study time (D7>D5>D3). In the humid incubator, the results were similar for all periods. Osmolality was significantly lower in humid incubator, in all periods, when droplets were covered with both oils. When both culture media were placed in the humid incubator, no variation was detected, using both oils. However, when single step medium was placed in the dry incubator, covered with mineral oil, we observed a higher osmolality than the covered with paraffin oil.
CONCLUSIONS
TWe can conclude that humid incubator is better for maintaining osmolality and paraffin oil protect single step media from evaporation in dry incubator.
Topics: Humans; Mineral Oil; Embryo Culture Techniques; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted; Oils; Osmolar Concentration; Culture Media; Fertilization in Vitro
PubMed: 35389044
DOI: 10.5935/1518-0557.20210123 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2023Insulating oil plays a crucial role in internal insulation of oil-impregnated transformers. It has been demonstrated in a variety of experimental studies that mineral...
Insulating oil plays a crucial role in internal insulation of oil-impregnated transformers. It has been demonstrated in a variety of experimental studies that mineral oil (MO) and vegetable oil (VO) can be blended in different ratios to improve insulation properties; however, the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unclear. In this study, a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation approach was used to investigate diffusion of water molecules in VO/MO blends and dielectric constants of a mixture. The results show that the diffusion coefficient of water molecules is negatively correlated with the proportion of VO; thus, addition of VO helps to improve the insulation properties of a mixture. Due to introduction of strong polar functional groups, a decrease in the diffusion behavior of water molecules can be attributed to an increase in the interaction energy and formation of hydrogen bonds between water molecules and the mixed oil system. There is a direct correlation between the dielectric constant of a mixture and VO content; however, it is very sensitive to water content. The presence of strong polar water molecules or functional groups in a mixture leads to an increase in the dielectric constant, which results in a reduction in insulating properties. Accordingly, presence of polar groups plays an important role in determining the insulating properties of a mixture. To increase the insulation performance of a mixture, it is important to consider the diffusion-inhibiting and dielectric effects of the stronger polar groups in vegetable oil compared to those in mineral oil.
PubMed: 36770732
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031067 -
Frontiers in Chemistry 2023Since the ban on single-use plastic articles in Europe, the food contact material (FCM) industry has been forced to move to more sustainable alternatives. Paper and...
Since the ban on single-use plastic articles in Europe, the food contact material (FCM) industry has been forced to move to more sustainable alternatives. Paper and board FCM are convenient alternatives but must be safe for consumers. This study aims to investigate potential migrations of various substances (e.g., plasticizers, photoinitiators, primary aromatic amines, mineral oil, and bisphenols) from straws and takeaway articles made of paper and board. Twenty straws and fifty-eight takeaway articles were carefully selected and investigated using liquid and gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry or flame ionization detector. Fourteen substances of all the targeted categories were found in takeaway articles, including seven plasticizers, two photoinitiators, one primary aromatic amine, two bisphenols, and the saturated and aromatic fraction of mineral oil (MOSH and MOAH, respectively). In straws, fewer substances were detected, i.e., six substances, including three plasticizers, one photoinitiator, MOSH, and MOAH. At least one of the target substances was detected in 88% of the samples, demonstrating the importance of further evaluation of these materials. Finally, the associated risks were assessed, highlighting the potential risks for several types of articles regarding bisphenol A, one primary aromatic amine (3.3-DMB), and MOSH and MOAH.
PubMed: 38099191
DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1322811 -
Bulletin of the World Health... 1969Emulsified inactivated influenza vaccines have been in use for some 18 years and the goal of enhanced serological response lasting 2 years or more has been attained. The...
Emulsified inactivated influenza vaccines have been in use for some 18 years and the goal of enhanced serological response lasting 2 years or more has been attained. The safety of the method in relation to immediate pyrogenic reactions has been demonstrated and no carcinogenic effects are known to have occurred in man. However, the problem of delayed local reactions after the injection of mineral-oil vaccines has not been solved. British experience of adverse reactions to commercial adjuvant influenza vaccine is quoted.New methods for obtaining adjuvant action without the risk of local abscess formation are needed both for inactivated whole virus and for split haemagglutinin vaccines. Reversal of water-in-mineral-oil emulsion to oil-in-water emulsion reduces viscosity and permits diffusion of the depot injection. A trial in Britain has shown equally good adjuvant properties of the reversed emulsion incorporating influenza virus vaccine so far as serological response is concerned, although it has not yet been conducted on a scale that would allow of adequate evaluation of the likelihood of delayed local reactions.
Topics: Adjuvants, Immunologic; Antibody Formation; Emulsions; Humans; Influenza Vaccines; Mineral Oil
PubMed: 5309486
DOI: No ID Found