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Zeitschrift Fur Kinder- Und... Jan 2018According to DSM-5, Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD) is characterized by chronic temper outbursts and irritable moods. So far, little is known about its...
OBJECTIVE
According to DSM-5, Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD) is characterized by chronic temper outbursts and irritable moods. So far, little is known about its prevalence rate, course and influence on individual well-being. We assessed the prevalence rates of DMDD symptoms during adulthood and primary school age - the latter retrospectively - and studied their relationship with psychiatric disorders and socioeconomic variables.
METHODS
A total of 2,413 subjects, aged 18-94 years, participated in this population-based, representative study based on self-reports.
RESULTS
12 (0.50 %) subjects reported elevated DMDD symptoms during adulthood, and 19 (0.79 %) reported elevated DMDD symptoms during primary school age. DMDD symptoms were associated with higher rates of depression and anxiety symptoms. Those reporting elevated DMDD symptoms during adulthood were more often single or divorced, and those reporting elevated DMDD symptoms during primary school age were more often childless and unemployed during adulthood compared to subjects without DMDD symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS
DMDD symptoms seem to show a chronic course and go hand in hand with elevated psychiatric symptoms and impaired socioeconomic and demographic status.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anger; Anxiety Disorders; Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders; Child; Chronic Disease; Comorbidity; Cross-Sectional Studies; Depressive Disorder; Female; Health Surveys; Humans; Irritable Mood; Male; Middle Aged; Mood Disorders; Retrospective Studies; Social Adjustment; Young Adult
PubMed: 29067863
DOI: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000552 -
Psychological Medicine Oct 2022Mood disorders, including depressive and bipolar disorders, represent a multidimensional and prevalent group of psychiatric illnesses characterized by disturbances in... (Review)
Review
Mood disorders, including depressive and bipolar disorders, represent a multidimensional and prevalent group of psychiatric illnesses characterized by disturbances in emotion, cognition and metabolism. Maladaptive eating behaviors in mood disorders are diverse and warrant characterization in order to increase the precision of diagnostic criteria, identify subtypes and improve treatment strategies. The current narrative review synthesizes evidence for Eating Behavioral Phenotypes (EBP) in mood disorders as well as advancements in pathophysiological conceptual frameworks relevant to each phenotype. Phenotypes include maladaptive eating behaviors related to appetite, emotion, reward, impulsivity, diet style and circadian rhythm disruption. Potential treatment strategies for each phenotype are also discussed, including psychotherapeutic, pharmacological and nutritional interventions. Maladaptive eating behaviors related to mood disorders are relevant from both clinical and research perspectives, yet have been somewhat overlooked thus far. A better understanding of this aspect of mood disorders holds promise to improve clinical care in this patient group and contribute to the subtyping of these currently subjectively diagnosed and treated disorders.
Topics: Humans; Mood Disorders; Bipolar Disorder; Emotions; Impulsive Behavior; Phenotype
PubMed: 36004528
DOI: 10.1017/S0033291722002446 -
The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 2017 Many patients with mood disorders do not experience pure episodes of depression or mania. Rather, these individuals experience mixed presentations. In the past,... (Review)
Review
Many patients with mood disorders do not experience pure episodes of depression or mania. Rather, these individuals experience mixed presentations. In the past, individuals experiencing mixed mood episodes were often misdiagnosed due to overly strict diagnostic criteria, leading to poor outcomes and treatment response. The addition of the mixed features specifier to the DSM-5 holds promise for improving recognition in patients who may be experiencing mixed symptoms. Furthermore, awareness has grown important warning signs that should be considered risk factors for progression to bipolar disorder and should warrant special clinical attention. Finally, guidelines for patients experiencing depression with mixed features have recently become available to help provide evidence-based treatment to this patient population. .
Topics: Bipolar Disorder; Diagnosis, Differential; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Disease Management; Humans; Mood Disorders; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Psychopathology
PubMed: 28994900
DOI: 10.4088/JCP.su17009ah1c -
Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews Sep 2023Mood disorders and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are prevalent conditions that often co-occur. We reviewed the available evidence from longitudinal and Mendelian... (Review)
Review
Mood disorders and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are prevalent conditions that often co-occur. We reviewed the available evidence from longitudinal and Mendelian randomisation (MR) studies on the relationship between major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder and T2DM. The clinical implications of this comorbidity on the course of either condition and the impact of antidepressants, mood stabilisers, and antidiabetic drugs were examined. Consistent evidence indicates a bidirectional association between mood disorders and T2DM. T2DM leads to more severe depression, whereas depression is associated with more complications and higher mortality in T2DM. MR studies demonstrated a causal effect of MDD on T2DM in Europeans, while a suggestive causal association in the opposite direction was found in East Asians. Antidepressants, but not lithium, were associated with a higher T2DM risk in the long-term, but confounders cannot be excluded. Some oral antidiabetics, such as pioglitazone and liraglutide, may be effective on depressive and cognitive symptoms. Studies in multi-ethnic populations, with a more careful assessment of confounders and appropriate power, would be important.
Topics: Humans; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Mood Disorders; Depressive Disorder, Major; Hypoglycemic Agents; Pioglitazone
PubMed: 37391112
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105298 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Aug 2022Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a global prevalence of approximately 1%. This review summarises new evidence of association between... (Review)
Review
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a global prevalence of approximately 1%. This review summarises new evidence of association between bipolar disorder (BD) and ASD. The mood episodes of BD can present atypically in people with ASD, potentially leading to misdiagnosis. Anamnesis regarding family history of affective disorders as well as previous mood episode is important among people with ASD to capture the BD diagnosis. Precaution with SSRI-treatment among people with ASD is crucial as the treatment can potentially trigger a mood episode of an underlying BD.
Topics: Autism Spectrum Disorder; Bipolar Disorder; Humans; Mood Disorders
PubMed: 36065878
DOI: No ID Found -
The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry Jul 2014Restless legs syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis-Ekbom disease, is a sensorimotor disorder that can result in considerable sleep disruption. This narrative review... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Restless legs syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis-Ekbom disease, is a sensorimotor disorder that can result in considerable sleep disruption. This narrative review provides an overview of RLS diagnosis and reports epidemiologic evidence for an association between RLS and mood disorders. Possible links between RLS, sleep disturbances, and mood disorders are considered, and theoretical pathophysiologic pathways are discussed. Finally, pharmacologic therapies for RLS are summarized.
DATA SOURCES
A PubMed search was performed using the search term restless legs syndrome in combination with affective/anxiety, antidepressants, anxiety/anxiety disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression/depressive disorder, mood/mood disorder, neuropsychiatric, panic/panic disorder, psychiatric disorder, and psychosis. English-language articles published between January 1993 and May 2013 were retrieved. Additional studies were identified from the reference lists of relevant publications.
STUDY SELECTION
173 publications were retrieved. Articles related to the association between idiopathic RLS and depression, anxiety, and mood disorders were reviewed. In total, 32 epidemiologic studies were identified. These studies were reviewed in detail and ranked according to quality.
DATA EXTRACTION
Data were extracted on the basis of relevance to the topic. Epidemiologic studies were assessed using 3 parameters: methodology, data quality, and generalizability of the results. Each factor was scored from 1 (high quality) to 4 (low quality), giving a total score of between 3 and 12 for each study.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS
RLS and mood disorders are frequently comorbid. Recognition and appropriate treatment of comorbid RLS are particularly important in patients with psychiatric disorders, as RLS is a common medical reason for insomnia, and antidepressant use may exacerbate sensory symptoms.
Topics: Comorbidity; Humans; Mood Disorders; Restless Legs Syndrome
PubMed: 25093484
DOI: 10.4088/JCP.13r08692 -
Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria (Sao... 2013The identification and treatment of mood disorders in children and adolescents has grown over the last decades. Major depression is one of the most common and... (Review)
Review
The identification and treatment of mood disorders in children and adolescents has grown over the last decades. Major depression is one of the most common and debilitating disorders worldwide, imposing a massive burden to the youth population. Bipolar disorder is being increasingly recognized as having its roots early in life, and its presentation during childhood and adolescence has been submitted to extensive research. This review aims to highlight clinical aspects of the current knowledge on mood disorders in the pediatric population, presenting updated information on epidemiology, diagnostic procedures, and management strategies. Limitations of available evidence and future directions of research in the field are also discussed.
Topics: Adolescent; Bipolar Disorder; Child; Depression; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Humans; Mood Disorders; Psychotherapy; Psychotropic Drugs
PubMed: 24142125
DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2013-S106 -
Brain and Behavior Jul 2021Bipolar disorder (BD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) share overlapping phenomenology and are frequently misdiagnosed. This study investigated the diagnostic...
BACKGROUND
Bipolar disorder (BD) and borderline personality disorder (BPD) share overlapping phenomenology and are frequently misdiagnosed. This study investigated the diagnostic accuracy of the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) and McLean Screening Instrument for Borderline Personality Disorder (MSI) in a clinical inpatient setting and whether individual screening items could differentiate BD from BPD.
METHODS
757 sequential inpatients admitted to a Mood Disorder Unit completed both the MDQ and MSI. Screen positive for the MDQ was defined as ≥7/13 symptoms endorsed with concurrence and at least moderate impact. Screen positive for the MSI was defined as a score of ≥7. The clinical discharge summary diagnosis completed by a board-certified psychiatrist was used as the reference standard to identify concordance rates of a positive screen with clinical diagnosis. Individual items predicting one disorder and simultaneously predicting absence of other disorder by odds ratio (OR>and <1) were identified.
RESULTS
Both screening instruments were more specific than sensitive (MDQ 83.7%/ 67.8%, MSI 73.2% / 63.3%). MDQ individual items (elevated mood, grandiosity, increased energy, pressured speech, decreased need for sleep, hyperactivity) were significant predictors of BD diagnosis and non-predictors of BPD diagnosis. Whereas MSI subitem, self-harm behaviors/suicidal attempts predicted BPD in the absence of BD; distrust and irritability were additional predictors of BPD.
CONCLUSION
While this study is limited by the lack of structured diagnostic interview, these data provide differential symptoms to discriminate BD and BPD. Further work with larger datasets and more rigorous bioinformatics machine learning methodology is encouraged to continue to identify distinguishing features of these two disorders to guide diagnostic precision and subsequent treatment recommendations.
Topics: Bipolar Disorder; Borderline Personality Disorder; Humans; Inpatients; Mood Disorders; Self Report; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 34056864
DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2201 -
Journal of the American Academy of... Oct 2000
Topics: Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Child; Depressive Disorder, Major; Humans; Interview, Psychological; Mood Disorders; Personality Assessment; Psychometrics; Schizophrenia
PubMed: 11026169
DOI: 10.1097/00004583-200010000-00002 -
PloS One 2022Prescription of PCSK9-inhibitors has increased in recent years but not much is known about its off-target effects. PCSK9-expression is evident in non-hepatic tissues,...
Prescription of PCSK9-inhibitors has increased in recent years but not much is known about its off-target effects. PCSK9-expression is evident in non-hepatic tissues, notably the brain, and genetic variation in the PCSK9 locus has recently been shown to be associated with mood disorder-related traits. We investigated whether PCSK9 inhibition, proxied by a genetic reduction in expression of PCSK9 mRNA, might have a causal adverse effect on mood disorder-related traits. We used genetic variants in the PCSK9 locus associated with reduced PCSK9 expression (eQTLs) in the European population from GTEx v8 and examined the effect on PCSK9 protein levels and three mood disorder-related traits (major depressive disorder, mood instability, and neuroticism), using summary statistics from the largest European ancestry genome-wide association studies. We conducted summary-based Mendelian randomization analyses to estimate the causal effects, and attempted replication using data from eQTLGen, Brain-eMETA, and the CAGE consortium. We found that genetically reduced PCSK9 gene-expression levels were significantly associated with reduced PCSK9 protein levels but not with increased risk of mood disorder-related traits. Further investigation of nearby genes demonstrated that reduced USP24 gene-expression levels was significantly associated with increased risk of mood instability (p-value range = 5.2x10-5-0.03), and neuroticism score (p-value range = 2.9x10-5-0.02), but not with PCSK9 protein levels. Our results suggest that genetic variation in this region acts on mood disorders through a PCSK9-independent pathway, and therefore PCSK9-inhibitors are unlikely to have an adverse impact on mood disorder-related traits.
Topics: Humans; Depressive Disorder, Major; Genome-Wide Association Study; Mendelian Randomization Analysis; Mood Disorders; PCSK9 Inhibitors; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Proprotein Convertase 9; Ubiquitin Thiolesterase; Quantitative Trait Loci
PubMed: 36580462
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279381