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Applied and Environmental Microbiology May 2012Many people in Japan often detect an unpleasant odor generated from laundry that is hung to dry indoors or when using their already-dried laundry. Such an odor is often...
Many people in Japan often detect an unpleasant odor generated from laundry that is hung to dry indoors or when using their already-dried laundry. Such an odor is often described as a "wet-and-dirty-dustcloth-like malodor" or an "acidic or sweaty odor." In this study, we isolated the major microorganisms associated with such a malodor, the major component of which has been identified as 4-methyl-3-hexenoic acid (4M3H). The isolates were identified as Moraxella osloensis by morphological observation and biochemical and phylogenetic tree analyses. M. osloensis has the potential to generate 4M3H in laundry. The bacterium is known to cause opportunistic infections but has never been known to generate a malodor in clothes. We found that M. osloensis exists at a high frequency in various living environments, particularly in laundry in Japan. The bacterium showed a high tolerance to desiccation and UV light irradiation, providing one of the possible reasons why they survive in laundry during and even after drying.
Topics: Bacterial Typing Techniques; Caproates; Cluster Analysis; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Desiccation; Humans; Japan; Microbial Viability; Molecular Sequence Data; Moraxella; Odorants; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Stress, Physiological; Textiles; Ultraviolet Rays
PubMed: 22367080
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.07816-11 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2024Given the dense population on university campuses, indoor and outdoor airborne bacterial contamination may lead to the rapid spread of diseases in a university...
Given the dense population on university campuses, indoor and outdoor airborne bacterial contamination may lead to the rapid spread of diseases in a university environment. However, there are few studies of the characteristics of airborne and pathogenic bacterial communities in different sites on a university campus. In this study, we collected particulate matter samples from indoor and outdoor locations at a university in Bengbu City, Anhui Province, China, and analyzed the community characteristics of airborne and pathogenic bacteria using a high-throughput sequencing technique. The results showed that the composition of the dominant airborne and pathogenic bacterial communities was consistent among sites at the phylum and genus levels, with differences in their relative abundance. There were significant differences in the structure of the airborne and pathogenic bacterial communities between indoor and outdoor sites ( < 0.05). An analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) indicated that the structure of airborne bacterial communities in indoor sites was influenced by the room occupancy rate, ventilation conditions, and the extent of indoor furnishing ( < 0.05), while the structure of pathogenic bacterial communities was influenced by the number of individuals and spatial dimensions ( < 0.05). The impact of particle size on the structure of airborne and pathogenic bacterial communities was relatively minor. A total of 194 suspected pathogenic bacterial species were identified, accounting for 0.0001-1.3923% of the total airborne bacteria, all of which were conditional pathogens. Among them, , , and exhibited relatively high relative abundance, accounting for 24.40, 16.22, and 8.66% of the total pathogenic bacteria, respectively. Moreover, 18 emerging or re-emerging pathogenic bacterial species with significant implications for human health were identified, although their relative abundance was relatively low (0.5098%). The relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria in indoor environments was significantly higher than outdoors, with the laboratory and dormitory having the highest levels. The findings of this study provide valuable guidance for the prevention and control of airborne bacterial contamination and the associated health risks in both a campus environment and other public spaces with high occupancy rates.
Topics: Universities; Air Microbiology; China; Bacteria; Humans; Particle Size; Air Pollution, Indoor; Particulate Matter; Environmental Monitoring
PubMed: 38651126
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1371656 -
Genome Announcements Jul 2016We report the complete genome sequence of Moraxella osloensis strain KMC41, isolated from laundry with malodor. The KMC41 genome comprises a 2,445,556-bp chromosome and...
We report the complete genome sequence of Moraxella osloensis strain KMC41, isolated from laundry with malodor. The KMC41 genome comprises a 2,445,556-bp chromosome and three plasmids. A fatty acid desaturase and at least four β-oxidation-related genes putatively associated with 4-methyl-3-hexenoic acid generation were detected in the KMC41 chromosome.
PubMed: 27445387
DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.00705-16 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2018Rushan cheese, an essential part of the Bai culture, has been produced and consumed for centuries by the Bai people living mostly in Yunnan province of China, however,...
Rushan cheese, an essential part of the Bai culture, has been produced and consumed for centuries by the Bai people living mostly in Yunnan province of China, however, studies on the naturally occurring microbial communities of Rushan cheese are lacking. In this study, we applied high throughput sequencing technique to analyze the microbial compositions of Rushan cheese samples from three different geographical origins (i.e., Weishan, Eryuan, and Jianchuan). The microbiota in Weishan, Eryuan and Jianchuan Rushan cheese samples were distinct in terms of taxonomic composition and abundance. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) of effect size (LEfSe) analysis found the characteristic taxonomic species in Weishan Rushan cheese samples were , , , , and ; the representing taxonomic species in Eryuan Rushan cheese samples were , , and ; by comparison, was enriched in Jianchuan Rushan cheese samples. Characterization of the microbial diversity in Rushan cheese samples from different geographical origins will contribute to the understanding of microorganisms responsible for the Rushan cheese fermentation, and enable us to develop bioresources derived from Rushan cheese in the future.
PubMed: 30177922
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01920 -
World Journal of Clinical Oncology Dec 2020The gram-negative aerobic bacterium is an opportunistic pathogen in brain tissues.
BACKGROUND
The gram-negative aerobic bacterium is an opportunistic pathogen in brain tissues.
CASE SUMMARY
The gram-negative aerobic bacterium was isolated from a patient's brain tissue during a stereotactic biopsy.
CONCLUSION
This is the first report of a brain tissue infection with possibly causing brain gliomatosis.
PubMed: 33437667
DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v11.i12.1064 -
Applied Microbiology Sep 1974The biochemical characteristics of 59 strains of Moraxella urethralis from clinical specimens, primarily from urine and the female genital tract, were studied. The...
The biochemical characteristics of 59 strains of Moraxella urethralis from clinical specimens, primarily from urine and the female genital tract, were studied. The characteristics included (i) the inability to acidify carbohydrate substrates, (ii) the ability to produce phenylalanine deaminase, (iii) the ability to reduce nitrite, (iv) the lack of urease activity, and (v) the ability of most strains to alkalinize citrate. A means of differentiating M. urethralis from Moraxella osloensis and Moraxella phenylpyruvica was determined.
Topics: Aminohydrolases; Bacterial Infections; Citrates; Female; Genitalia, Female; Humans; Male; Moraxella; Nitrites; Oxidation-Reduction; Phenylalanine; Species Specificity; Transformation, Genetic; Urease
PubMed: 4417557
DOI: 10.1128/am.28.3.355-358.1974 -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Nov 2001Moraxella osloensis, a gram-negative bacterium, is associated with Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita, a nematode parasite of slugs. This bacterium-feeding nematode has...
Moraxella osloensis, a gram-negative bacterium, is associated with Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita, a nematode parasite of slugs. This bacterium-feeding nematode has potential for the biological control of slugs, especially the grey garden slug, Deroceras reticulatum. Infective juveniles of P. hermaphrodita invade the shell cavity of the slug, develop into self-fertilizing hermaphrodites, and produce progeny, resulting in host death. However, the role of the associated bacterium in the pathogenicity of the nematode to the slug is unknown. We discovered that M. osloensis alone is pathogenic to D. reticulatum after injection into the shell cavity or hemocoel of the slug. The bacteria from 60-h cultures were more pathogenic than the bacteria from 40-h cultures, as indicated by the higher and more rapid mortality of the slugs injected with the former. Coinjection of penicillin and streptomycin with the 60-h bacterial culture reduced its pathogenicity to the slug. Further work suggested that the reduction and loss of pathogenicity of the aged infective juveniles of P. hermaphrodita to D. reticulatum result from the loss of M. osloensis from the aged nematodes. Also, axenic J1/J2 nematodes were nonpathogenic after injection into the shell cavity. Therefore, we conclude that the bacterium is the sole killing agent of D. reticulatum in the nematode-bacterium complex and that P. hermaphrodita acts only as a vector to transport the bacterium into the shell cavity of the slug. The identification of the toxic metabolites produced by M. osloensis is being pursued.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Colony Count, Microbial; Mollusca; Moraxella; Penicillins; Pest Control, Biological; Rhabditoidea; Streptomycin; Virulence
PubMed: 11679319
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.67.11.5010-5016.2001 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Mar 2024To expound on the correlation between the microorganism communities and the formation of off-odour in Xuanwei ham, the microorganism communities and volatile compounds...
To expound on the correlation between the microorganism communities and the formation of off-odour in Xuanwei ham, the microorganism communities and volatile compounds were investigated in the biceps femoris (BF) and semimembranosus (SM) of Xuanwei ham with different quality grades (normal ham and spoiled ham). The single molecule real-time sequencing showed that differential bacteria and fungi were more varied in normal hams than in spoiled hams. Headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography (HS-SPME-GC-MS) results indicated that aldehydes and alcohols were significantly higher in spoiled hams than those in normal hams ( < 0.05). The off-odour of spoiled hams was dominated by ichthyic, malodourous, sweaty, putrid, sour, and unpleasant odours produced by compounds such as trimethylamine (SM: 13.05 μg/kg), hexanal (BF: 206.46 μg/kg), octanal (BF: 59.52 μg/kg), methanethiol (SM: 12.85 μg/kg), and valeric acid (BF: 15.08 μg/kg), which are positively correlated with , , , sp., , and . Furthermore, the physicochemical property and quality characteristics results showed that high moisture (BF: 56.32 g/100 g), pH (BF: 6.63), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) (SM: 1.98 MDA/kg), and low NaCl content (SM: 6.31%) were also responsible for the spoilage of hams with off-odour. This study provided a deep insight into the off-odour of Xuanwei ham from the perspective of microorganism communities and a theoretical basis for improving the flavour and overall quality of Xuanwei hams.
PubMed: 38472889
DOI: 10.3390/foods13050776 -
Microorganisms Aug 2019The mouth is an important niche for bacterial colonization. Previous research used mouth microbiota to predict diseases like colon cancer and inflammatory bowel disease...
The mouth is an important niche for bacterial colonization. Previous research used mouth microbiota to predict diseases like colon cancer and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It is still unclear how the sampling methodology influences microbial characterization. Our aim was to determine if the sampling methods, e.g., cotton swab or tissue biopsy, and the age influence the oral microbial composition of mice. Microbial DNA was extracted using a commercial kit and characterized targeting the 16s rRNA gene from mouth swabs and tissue biopsies from 2 and 15 months old C57BL/6 male mice kept in the same SPF facility. Our results show statistical different microbial community of the different ages, type of sampling, and the two fixed factors age x type of sample (-value <0.05). At the genus level, we identified that the genera , , and either increase or decrease in abundance depending on sampling and age. Additionally, the abundance of , and some unclassified was affected by the sampling method. While swab and tissue biopsies both identified the common colonizers of oral microbiota, cotton swabbing is a low-cost and practical method, validating the use of the swab as the preferred oral sampling approach.
PubMed: 31443509
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7090283 -
Anales de Pediatria (Barcelona, Spain :... Feb 2014
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Humans; Moraxella; Moraxellaceae Infections; Pyomyositis
PubMed: 23830680
DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2013.05.010