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Ultrasonics Sonochemistry Jul 2016This paper reports ultrasound-assisted optical imaging of chemiluminescent probes in biological tissue. A focused low power ultrasound sonochemically enhances a... (Review)
Review
This paper reports ultrasound-assisted optical imaging of chemiluminescent probes in biological tissue. A focused low power ultrasound sonochemically enhances a peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence (CL) that involves indocyanine green (ICG) as luminescent pigments. By scanning the focus, it produces tomographic images of CL in scattering media. The authors demonstrate imaging using a slab of porcine muscle measuring 50 × 50 × 75 mm, in which a capsuled CL reagent is embedded at 25 mm depth. Spatial resolution of imaging and concentration characteristics of CL reagents to enhanced CL intensity are also studied to evaluate the potential for use in bio-imaging applications with exploring the CL enhancement mechanisms. CL enhancement ratio, defined as the ratio of ultrasonically enhanced CL intensity to the base intensity without ultrasound irradiation, was found to be constant even in varying ICG and oxidizer concentrations, implying to be applicable for quantitative determination of these molecules.
Topics: Luminescence; Multimodal Imaging; Tomography
PubMed: 26964918
DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.11.027 -
AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology Jul 2022Modern pediatric imaging seeks to provide not only exceptional anatomic detail but also physiologic and metabolic information of the pathology in question with as little... (Review)
Review
Modern pediatric imaging seeks to provide not only exceptional anatomic detail but also physiologic and metabolic information of the pathology in question with as little radiation penalty as possible. Hybrid PET/MR imaging combines exquisite soft-tissue information obtained by MR imaging with functional information provided by PET, including metabolic markers, receptor binding, perfusion, and neurotransmitter release data. In pediatric neuro-oncology, PET/MR imaging is, in many ways, ideal for follow-up compared with PET/CT, given the superiority of MR imaging in neuroimaging compared with CT and the lower radiation dose, which is relevant in serial imaging and long-term follow-up of pediatric patients. In addition, although MR imaging is the main imaging technique for the evaluation of spinal pathology, PET/MR imaging may provide useful information in several clinical scenarios, including tumor staging and follow-up, treatment response assessment of spinal malignancies, and vertebral osteomyelitis. This review article covers neuropediatric applications of PET/MR imaging in addition to considerations regarding radiopharmaceuticals, imaging protocols, and current challenges to clinical implementation.
Topics: Child; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Multimodal Imaging; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radiopharmaceuticals
PubMed: 35512826
DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.A7464 -
PET Clinics Oct 2020Cardiac PET/MR imaging is an integrated imaging approach that requires less radiation than PET/computed tomography and combines the high spatial resolution and... (Review)
Review
Cardiac PET/MR imaging is an integrated imaging approach that requires less radiation than PET/computed tomography and combines the high spatial resolution and morphologic data from MR imaging with the physiologic information from PET. This hybrid approach has the potential to improve the diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of several cardiovascular conditions, such as ischemic heart disease, infiltrative diseases such as sarcoidosis, acute and chronic myocarditis, and cardiac masses. Herein, the authors discuss the strengths of PET and MR imaging in several cardiovascular conditions; the challenges and potential; and the current data on the application of this powerful hybrid imaging modality.
Topics: Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular System; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Multimodal Imaging; Positron-Emission Tomography
PubMed: 32888548
DOI: 10.1016/j.cpet.2020.06.007 -
Circulation Oct 2023Advances in cancer therapeutics have led to dramatic improvements in survival, now inclusive of nearly 20 million patients and rising. However, cardiovascular toxicities... (Review)
Review
Advances in cancer therapeutics have led to dramatic improvements in survival, now inclusive of nearly 20 million patients and rising. However, cardiovascular toxicities associated with specific cancer therapeutics adversely affect the outcomes of patients with cancer. Advances in cardiovascular imaging have solidified the critical role for robust methods for detecting, monitoring, and prognosticating cardiac risk among patients with cancer. However, decentralized evaluations have led to a lack of consensus on the optimal uses of imaging in contemporary cancer treatment (eg, immunotherapy, targeted, or biological therapy) settings. Similarly, available isolated preclinical and clinical studies have provided incomplete insights into the effectiveness of multiple modalities for cardiovascular imaging in cancer care. The aims of this scientific statement are to define the current state of evidence for cardiovascular imaging in the cancer treatment and survivorship settings and to propose novel methodological approaches to inform the optimal application of cardiovascular imaging in future clinical trials and registries. We also propose an evidence-based integrated approach to the use of cardiovascular imaging in routine clinical settings. This scientific statement summarizes and clarifies available evidence while providing guidance on the optimal uses of multimodality cardiovascular imaging in the era of emerging anticancer therapies.
Topics: United States; Humans; American Heart Association; Neoplasms; Medical Oncology; Multimodal Imaging; Cardiovascular Diseases
PubMed: 37732422
DOI: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000001174 -
Journal of Visualized Experiments : JoVE Jan 2018Laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a well-established model to mimic the wet form of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In this protocol, we aim to...
Laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a well-established model to mimic the wet form of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In this protocol, we aim to guide the reader not simply through the technical considerations of generating laser-induced lesions to trigger neovascular processes, but rather focus on the powerful information that can be obtained from multimodal longitudinal in vivo imaging throughout the follow-up period. The laser-induced mouse CNV model was generated by a diode laser administration. Multimodal in vivo imaging techniques were used to monitor CNV induction, progression and regression. First, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) was performed immediately after the lasering to verify a break of Bruch's membrane. Subsequent in vivo imaging using fluorescein angiography (FA) confirmed successful damage of Bruch's membrane from serial images acquired at the choroidal level. Longitudinal follow-up of CNV proliferation and regression on days 5, 10, and 14 after the lasering was performed using both SD-OCT and FA. Simple and reliable grading of leaky CNV leasions from FA images is presented. Automated segmentation for measurement of total retinal thickness, combined with manual caliber application for measurement of retinal thickness at CNV sites, allow unbiased evaluation of the presence of edema. Finally, histological verification of CNV is performed using isolectin GS-IB4 staining on choroidal flatmounts. The staining is thresholded, and the isolectin-positive area is calculated with ImageJ. This protocol is especially useful in therapeutics studies requiring high-throughput-like screening of CNV pathology as it allows fast, multimodal, and reliable classification of CNV pathology and retinal edema. In addition, high resolution SD-OCT enables the recording of other pathological hallmarks, such as the accumulation of subretinal or intraretinal fluid. However, this method does not provide a possibility to automate CNV volume analysis from SD-OCT images, which has to be performed manually.
Topics: Animals; Choroidal Neovascularization; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Male; Mice; Multimodal Imaging
PubMed: 29443029
DOI: 10.3791/56173 -
Journal of Biomedical Optics Dec 2015Simultaneous and quantitative assessment of multiple tissue parameters may facilitate more effective diagnosis and therapy in many clinical applications, such as wound...
Simultaneous and quantitative assessment of multiple tissue parameters may facilitate more effective diagnosis and therapy in many clinical applications, such as wound healing. However, existing wound assessment methods are typically subjective and qualitative, with the need for sequential data acquisition and coregistration between modalities, and lack of reliable standards for performance evaluation or calibration. To overcome these limitations, we developed a multimodal imaging system for quasi-simultaneous assessment of cutaneous tissue oxygenation and perfusion in a quantitative and noninvasive fashion. The system integrated multispectral and laser speckle imaging technologies into one experimental setup. Tissue oxygenation and perfusion were reconstructed by advanced algorithms. The accuracy and reliability of the imaging system were quantitatively validated in calibration experiments and a tissue-simulating phantom test. The experimental results were compared with a commercial oxygenation and perfusion monitor. Dynamic detection of cutaneous tissue oxygenation and perfusion was also demonstrated in vivo by a postocclusion reactive hyperemia procedure in a human subject and a wound healing process in a wounded mouse model. Our in vivo experiments not only validated the performance of the multimodal imaging system for cutaneous tissue oxygenation and perfusion imaging but also demonstrated its technical potential for wound healing assessment in clinical practice.
Topics: Animals; Blood Flow Velocity; Equipment Design; Equipment Failure Analysis; Humans; Lasers; Mice; Multimodal Imaging; Oximetry; Oxygen; Perfusion Imaging; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity
PubMed: 26359648
DOI: 10.1117/1.JBO.20.12.121307 -
Current Urology Reports May 2015Nodal staging is important in prostate cancer treatment. While surgical lymph node dissection is the classic method of determining whether lymph nodes harbor malignancy,... (Review)
Review
Nodal staging is important in prostate cancer treatment. While surgical lymph node dissection is the classic method of determining whether lymph nodes harbor malignancy, this is a very invasive technique. Current noninvasive approaches to identifying malignant lymph nodes are limited. Conventional imaging methods rely on size and morphology of lymph nodes and have notoriously low sensitivity for detecting malignant nodes. New imaging techniques such as targeted positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and magnetic resonance lymphography (MRL) with iron oxide particles are promising for nodal staging of prostate cancer. In this review, the strengths and limitations of imaging techniques for lymph node staging of prostate cancer are discussed.
Topics: Humans; Lymphatic Metastasis; Male; Multimodal Imaging; Neoplasm Staging; Prostatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 25773350
DOI: 10.1007/s11934-015-0505-y -
Journal of Nuclear Cardiology :... Aug 2017Aneurysms of the thoracic and abdominal aorta are common and can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality when complications, including dissection,... (Review)
Review
Aneurysms of the thoracic and abdominal aorta are common and can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality when complications, including dissection, rupture, or thrombosis, occur. Current approaches to diagnosis and risk stratification rely on measurements of aneurysm size and rate of growth, often using various imaging modalities, which may be suboptimal in identifying patients at the highest and lowest risk of complications. Targeting the biological processes underlying aneurysm formation and expansion with molecular imaging offers an exciting opportunity to characterize aortic aneurysms beyond size and address current gaps in our approach to diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we summarize the epidemiology and biology of aortic aneurysms and highlight the role of molecular imaging in furthering our understanding of aneurysm pathogenesis and its potential future role in guiding management.
Topics: Aortic Aneurysm; Humans; Molecular Imaging; Multimodal Imaging; Risk Assessment
PubMed: 28447279
DOI: 10.1007/s12350-017-0883-2 -
PET Clinics Oct 2023New challenges are currently faced by clinical and surgical oncologists in the management of patients with breast cancer, mainly related to the need for molecular and... (Review)
Review
New challenges are currently faced by clinical and surgical oncologists in the management of patients with breast cancer, mainly related to the need for molecular and prognostic data. Recent technological advances in diagnostic imaging and informatics have led to the introduction of functional imaging modalities, such as hybrid PET/MR imaging, and artificial intelligence (AI) software, aimed at the extraction of quantitative radiomics data, which may reflect tumor biology and behavior. In this article, the most recent applications of radiomics and AI to PET/MR imaging are described to address the new needs of clinical and surgical oncology.
Topics: Humans; Female; Breast Neoplasms; Artificial Intelligence; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Multimodal Imaging; Positron-Emission Tomography
PubMed: 37336693
DOI: 10.1016/j.cpet.2023.05.002 -
Theranostics 2014Each imaging modality has its own unique strengths. Multimodality imaging, taking advantages of strengths from two or more imaging modalities, can provide overall... (Review)
Review
Each imaging modality has its own unique strengths. Multimodality imaging, taking advantages of strengths from two or more imaging modalities, can provide overall structural, functional, and molecular information, offering the prospect of improved diagnostic and therapeutic monitoring abilities. The devices of molecular imaging with multimodality and multifunction are of great value for cancer diagnosis and treatment, and greatly accelerate the development of radionuclide-based multimodal molecular imaging. Radiolabeled nanoparticles bearing intrinsic properties have gained great interest in multimodality tumor imaging over the past decade. Significant breakthrough has been made toward the development of various radiolabeled nanoparticles, which can be used as novel cancer diagnostic tools in multimodality imaging systems. It is expected that quantitative multimodality imaging with multifunctional radiolabeled nanoparticles will afford accurate and precise assessment of biological signatures in cancer in a real-time manner and thus, pave the path towards personalized cancer medicine. This review addresses advantages and challenges in developing multimodality imaging probes by using different types of nanoparticles, and summarizes the recent advances in the applications of radiolabeled nanoparticles for multimodal imaging of tumor. The key issues involved in the translation of radiolabeled nanoparticles to the clinic are also discussed.
Topics: Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Multimodal Imaging; Nanoparticles; Neoplasms; Positron-Emission Tomography; Radiopharmaceuticals; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 24505237
DOI: 10.7150/thno.7341