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Radiologia Sep 2012
Topics: Bone Neoplasms; Humans; Muscle Neoplasms
PubMed: 23084368
DOI: 10.1016/j.rx.2012.09.002 -
Journal of Experimental & Clinical... Dec 2020Growing evidence supports the pivotal role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the regulation of cancer development and progression. Their expression patterns and...
BACKGROUND
Growing evidence supports the pivotal role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the regulation of cancer development and progression. Their expression patterns and biological function in muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) remain elusive.
METHODS
Transcript levels of lncRNA miR-31 host gene (MIR31HG) and its splice variants were measured in our MIBC cohort (n = 102) by qRT-PCR, and validated in silico by the TCGA cohort (n = 370). Kaplan-Meier and multiple Cox regression analysis were conducted to evaluate the survival significance of MIR31HG and its splice variants. Functional experiments were performed to examine the proliferation and migration abilities of MIR31HG and its splice variants by knockdown approaches.
RESULTS
In this study, a decreased expression of MIR31HG was found in bladder cancer cells and tissues, except in the basal subtype. Survival analysis showed that high expression of MIR31HG was associated with poor overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with MIBC of basal subtype. Two splice variants of MIR31HG lacking exon 1 (MIR31HGΔE1) and exon 3 (MIR31HGΔE3) were identified to have specific expression patterns in different molecular subtypes of our MIBC cohort. MIR31HGΔE3 was highly expressed in basal subtype tumors. A high expression of MIR31HGΔE1 and MIR31HGΔE3 was associated with worse OS and DFS in our cohort. In vitro experiments revealed that knockdown of MIR31HG inhibits cell proliferation, colony formation, and migration in bladder cancer. Cell proliferation and migration assays after knockdown of splice variants of MIR31HG showed corresponding roles for the full-length transcript.
CONCLUSIONS
Our study demonstrates that MIR31HG and its splice variants could serve as biomarkers for the classification and prognosis prediction of patients with MIBC.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Apoptosis; Biomarkers, Tumor; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muscle Neoplasms; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Prognosis; RNA Splicing; RNA, Long Noncoding; Retrospective Studies; Survival Rate; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
PubMed: 33334367
DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01795-5 -
Journal of the American Veterinary... Dec 2018
Topics: Animals; Ataxia; Cervical Vertebrae; Diagnosis, Differential; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Euthanasia, Animal; Female; Forelimb; Hemangiosarcoma; Muscle Neoplasms
PubMed: 30668259
DOI: 10.2460/javma.253.12.1545 -
Dermatology Online Journal Jul 2021Intramuscular lipomas are rare, benign soft tissue neoplasms characterized by infiltrative growth into muscle tissue or between muscle fibers. These benign tumors can...
Intramuscular lipomas are rare, benign soft tissue neoplasms characterized by infiltrative growth into muscle tissue or between muscle fibers. These benign tumors can present similarly to malignant soft tissue neoplasms, such as liposarcomas. Unlike subcutaneous lipomas, intramuscular lipomas require diagnostic imaging to better distinguish the tumor and rule out alternative, malignant etiologies. It is imperative that dermatologists are able to identify this rare lipoma variant and have a thorough understanding of the diagnosis, imaging, and treatment options for this uncommon soft tissue tumor. Our case serves as a reminder for dermatologists to be cognizant of this rare tumor and aware of the importance of diagnostic testing in ruling out similarly-presenting, soft tissue malignancies.
Topics: Aged, 80 and over; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Lipoma; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Muscle Neoplasms; Scapula; Soft Tissue Neoplasms
PubMed: 34391334
DOI: 10.5070/D327754370 -
Cancer Treatment Reviews Nov 2018Radical cystectomy (RC) associated with pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) is the most common local therapy in the management of non-metastatic muscle invasive bladder... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Radical cystectomy (RC) associated with pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) is the most common local therapy in the management of non-metastatic muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Loco-regional recurrence (LRR), however, remains a common and important therapeutic challenge associated with poor oncologic outcomes. We aimed to systematically review evidence regarding factors associated with LRR and to propose a framework for adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) in patients with MIBC.
METHODS
We performed this systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We searched the PubMed database for articles related to MIBC and associated treatments, published between January 1980 and June 2015. Articles identified by searching references from candidate articles were also included. We retrieved 1383 publications from PubMed and 34 from other sources. After an initial screening, a review of titles and abstracts, and a final comprehensive full text analysis of papers assessed for eligibility, a final consensus on 32 studies was obtained.
RESULTS
LRR is associated with specific patient-, tumor-, center- or treatment-related variables. LRR varies widely, occurring in as many as 43% of the cases and is strongly related to survival outcomes. While perioperative treatment does not impact on LRR, pathological factors such as pT, pN, positive margins status, extent of PLND, number of lymph nodes removed and/or invaded are correlated with LRR. Patients with pT3-T4a and/or positive lymph-nodes and/or limited pelvic lymph-node dissection and/or positive surgical margins have been distributed in LRR risk groups with accuracy.
CONCLUSIONS
LRR patterns are well-known and for selected patients, adjuvant treatments could target this event. Intrinsic tumor subtype may guide future criteria to define a personalized treatment strategy. Prospective trials evaluating safety and efficacy of adjuvant RT are ongoing in several countries.
Topics: Cystectomy; Decision Making; Humans; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Muscle Neoplasms; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Patient Selection; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; Risk Factors; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
PubMed: 30125800
DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2018.07.011 -
Journal of the National Medical... Jan 2005Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma of the diaphragm represents fewer than 0.0001% of all cancers. One case is reported, and a total of eight cases to date are reviewed. It is... (Review)
Review
Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma of the diaphragm represents fewer than 0.0001% of all cancers. One case is reported, and a total of eight cases to date are reviewed. It is an adult disease of both sexes, the lowest reported age being 14 years. The tumor presents at a late stage, and the average symptom-death interval is only a few months. Early diagnosis and wide excision are essential along with radiotherapy and chemotherapy before any survival--much less worthwhile survival--can be hoped for. There is evidence of host immune response against rhabdomyosarcomas. Immunotherapy, therefore, should be considered. For assessment of the biological behavior of the tumor and the treatment, standardization of staging and grading are essential, although there is some evidence that the prognosis of primary and recurrent tumors treated radically are similar.
Topics: Adult; Diaphragm; Humans; Male; Muscle Neoplasms; Rhabdomyosarcoma
PubMed: 15719879
DOI: No ID Found -
Cancer Research Sep 2019Human prostate cancer confined to the gland is indolent (low-risk), but tumors outside the capsule are aggressive (high-risk). Extracapsular extension requires invasion...
Human prostate cancer confined to the gland is indolent (low-risk), but tumors outside the capsule are aggressive (high-risk). Extracapsular extension requires invasion within and through a smooth muscle-structured environment. Because integrins respond to biomechanical cues, we used a gene editing approach to determine if a specific region of laminin-binding α6β1 integrin was required for smooth muscle invasion both and . Human tissue specimens showed prostate cancer invasion through smooth muscle and tumor coexpression of α6 integrin and E-cadherin in a cell-cell location and α6 integrin in a cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) distribution. Prostate cancer cells expressing α6 integrin (DU145 α6WT) produced a 3D invasive network on laminin-containing Matrigel and invaded into smooth muscle both and . In contrast, cells without α6 integrin (DU145 α6KO) and cells expressing an integrin mutant (DU145 α6AA) did not produce invasive networks, could not invade muscle both and , and surprisingly formed 3D cohesive clusters. Using electric cell-substrate impedance testing, cohesive clusters had up to a 30-fold increase in normalized resistance at 400 Hz (cell-cell impedance) as compared with the DU145 α6WT cells. In contrast, measurements at 40,000 Hz (cell-ECM coverage) showed that DU145 α6AA cells were two-fold decreased in normalized resistance and were defective in restoring resistance after a 1 μmol/L S1P challenge as compared with the DU145 α6WT cells. The results suggest that gene editing of a specific α6 integrin extracellular region, not required for normal tissue function, can generate a new biophysical cancer phenotype unable to invade the muscle, presenting a new therapeutic strategy for metastasis prevention in prostate cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: This study shows an innovative strategy to block prostate cancer metastasis and invasion in the muscle through gene editing of a specific α6 integrin extracellular region.
Topics: Animals; Apoptosis; Cell Adhesion; Cell Communication; Cell Movement; Cell Proliferation; Extracellular Matrix; Female; Gene Editing; Humans; Integrin alpha6; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred NOD; Mice, SCID; Muscle Neoplasms; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Prostatic Neoplasms; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
PubMed: 31337652
DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-19-0868 -
Radiology Nov 2012Although the function of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the evaluation of musculoskeletal tumors has traditionally been to help identify the extent of disease prior... (Review)
Review
Although the function of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the evaluation of musculoskeletal tumors has traditionally been to help identify the extent of disease prior to treatment, its role continues to evolve as new techniques emerge. Conventional pulse sequences remain heavily used and useful, but with the advent of chemical shift imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, perfusion imaging and MR spectroscopy, additional quantitative metrics have become available that may help expand the role of MR imaging to include detection, characterization, and reliable assessment of treatment response. This review discusses a multiparametric approach to the evaluation of musculoskeletal tumors, with a focus on the utility and potential added value of various pulse sequences in helping establish a diagnosis, assess pretreatment extent, and evaluate a tumor in the posttreatment setting for recurrence and treatment response.
Topics: Adolescent; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers, Tumor; Bone Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Male; Middle Aged; Muscle Neoplasms; Protons
PubMed: 23093707
DOI: 10.1148/radiol.12111740 -
PloS One 2014To validate the flexible ultrasound bronchoscope (FUB) as a tool in distinguishing muscle invasive and non-muscle invasive bladder tumors.
A new tool for distinguishing muscle invasive and non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: the initial application of flexible ultrasound bronchoscope in bladder tumor staging.
OBJECTIVES
To validate the flexible ultrasound bronchoscope (FUB) as a tool in distinguishing muscle invasive and non-muscle invasive bladder tumors.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From June 2010 to April 2012, 62 patients (11 female and 51 male) with 92 bladder urothelial carcinoma were treated in our study. The mean (±SD) patient age was 64.0±12.5 years old (ranged from 22 to 87). Clinical T stage was assessed by FUB at first in operating room, then immediately initial diagnostic transurethral resection (TUR) was performed. A second TUR would be done 2-4 weeks after initial TUR when the latter was incomplete (in large and multiple tumours, no muscle in the specimen) or when an exophytic high-grade and/or T1 tumour was detected. And radical cystectomy would be performed for the patients who were diagnosed with muscle-invasive tumors. FUB staging and initial TUR staging, final pathological results were compared.
RESULTS
In ultrasonic images, the normal muscle layer of bladder wall could be clearly distinguished into three layers, which were hyperechogenic mucosa, hypoechogenic muscle and hyperechogenic serosal. For non-muscle invasive tumors, the muscle layers were continuous. And distorted or discontinuous muscle layers could be seen in muscle-invasive case. The overall accuracy (95.7%) and the specificity of muscle invasion detection of FUB (98.8%) were comparable to TUR (overall accuracy 90.2% and specificity 100%), but sensitivity of muscle invasion detection of FUB was significantly higher than initial TUR (72.7%VS18.2%). Moreover, the tumor's diameter could not affect the FUB's accuracy of muscle invasion detection. For tumors near the bladder neck, FUB also showed the similar validity as those far from bladder neck.
CONCLUSIONS
To conclude, the flexible ultrasound bronchoscope is an effective tool for muscle invasion detection of bladder tumor with ideal ultrasonic images. It is an alternative option for bladder tumor staging besides TUR. It might have the potentiality to change the bladder diagnostic strategy.
Topics: Abdominal Muscles; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Bronchoscopes; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell; Diagnosis, Differential; Endosonography; Equipment Design; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muscle Neoplasms; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Staging; Retrospective Studies; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms; Urothelium; Young Adult
PubMed: 24704988
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092385 -
European Spine Journal : Official... Jul 2011The study design includes case report and clinical discussion. The objective was to describe a rare case of a giant intramuscular myxoma (IMM) presenting as a mass in...
The study design includes case report and clinical discussion. The objective was to describe a rare case of a giant intramuscular myxoma (IMM) presenting as a mass in the paravertebral muscles. Myxoma is a rare benign soft tissue tumour of mesenchymal origin. Although intramuscular presentation is common, they are rare in the paravertebral muscles and are characteristically <5 cm in length. We report the clinical and imaging features in a 70-year-old woman presenting with back pain, asymmetry of the waist and a mass in right paravertebral region. This was originally misdiagnosed as a juxtafacet synovial cyst after CT-guided biopsy. The mass was excised en bloc and sent for histology. This revealed a low-grade myxoid neoplasm with features of an IMM. The patient went on to make a complete recovery. To our knowledge, this is only the fifth case of paravertebral IMM reported in the literature and at approximately 15 cm in length may be the largest encountered in clinical practice.
Topics: Aged; Female; Humans; Muscle Neoplasms; Muscle, Skeletal; Myxoma; Radiography
PubMed: 20495934
DOI: 10.1007/s00586-010-1442-6