-
Scientific Reports Nov 2022Diet and lifestyle as modifiable factors play an effective role in muscle strength and muscle endurance. In addition, inflammatory reactions may have an association with...
Diet and lifestyle as modifiable factors play an effective role in muscle strength and muscle endurance. In addition, inflammatory reactions may have an association with the etiology of a a lower muscle strength and muscle endurance. We aimed to investigate the association of dietary and lifestyle inflammation scores (DLIS) with muscle strength and muscle endurance in a sample of Iranian adults. In this cross-sectional study, 270 adults aged 20 to 59 years (55.9% female) were selected. The dietary intakes were collected using a 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The DLIS was calculated using the dietary inflammatory score (DIS), and lifestyle inflammatory score (LIS). Muscle endurance and muscle strength were measured by a digital-handgrip-dynamometer. Multivariate adjusted means for muscle strength and endurance across quartiles of the DIS, LIS, and DLIS were determined by the ANCOVA test. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between inflammation scores (i.e., DIS, LIS, and DLIS), and muscle strength, muscle endurance. The DLIS ranged between -2.94 and 3.09. The adjusted P-value of muscle strength of the right hand (MSR) along quartiles of DIS was significantly lower (P = 0.024). MSR (β: -1.19; P-value: 0.020) and mean muscle strength (MMS) (β: -0.95; P-value: 0.047) had significant association with DIS. MSR (β: -0.85; P-value: 0.050) had a marginally significant association with DLIS. Overall, we found that a high adherence to a pro-inflammatory diet might be associated to a lower muscle strength. However, a lifestyle with greater inflammatory potential was not related to any components of muscle endurance. Further studies with prospective designs are needed to confirm the present findings in further details.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Hand Strength; Cross-Sectional Studies; Iran; Muscle Strength; Life Style; Diet; Inflammation; Muscles
PubMed: 36437243
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23202-z -
Scientific Reports Aug 2022Health outcomes of the elderly vary between rural and urban areas. Sarcopenia is diagnosed as loss of muscle strength or impaired physical performance, namely "low...
Health outcomes of the elderly vary between rural and urban areas. Sarcopenia is diagnosed as loss of muscle strength or impaired physical performance, namely "low muscle function" and low muscle mass. Outcomes of low muscle mass and low muscle function are not equal. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of low muscle mass, low muscle function, and sarcopenia in rural and urban populations and to determine whether regional differences were associated with each of these components. Participants aged ≥ 69 years (n = 2354) were recruited from three urban districts and one rural district in Korea. Low muscle mass was defined by appendicular lean mass using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Low muscle function was defined by handgrip strength and 5-chair stand test. Sarcopenia was defined as low muscle mass plus low muscle function. The prevalence of low muscle function (53.7% vs. 72.8%), and sarcopenia (16.3% vs. 24.4%) were higher in the rural elderly population. Rural residence was associated with low muscle function (OR 1.63; 95% CI 1.13-2.37, P = 0.009), but not with low muscle mass (OR 0.58; 95% CI 0.22-1.54, P = 0.271) or with sarcopenia (OR 1.13; 95% CI 0.63-2.00, P = 0.683). Interventions to detect and improve low muscle function in rural elderly population are needed.
Topics: Aged; Hand Strength; Humans; Muscle Strength; Muscles; Rural Population; Sarcopenia
PubMed: 35995980
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18167-y -
PloS One 2023It is not yet known whether the years after peak height velocity (PHV) are associated with the physiological mechanisms of muscle strength and power in Juniors rowers.
BACKGROUND
It is not yet known whether the years after peak height velocity (PHV) are associated with the physiological mechanisms of muscle strength and power in Juniors rowers.
OBJECTIVE
To identify the association between years post PHV (YPPHV) with muscle power and strength in Juniors rowers.
METHODS
We tested 235 Brazilian rowing athletes (male: 171, female: 64, Juniors category). We measured: power (indoor rowing over 100-m, 500-m, 2,000-m and 6,000-m) and muscle strength (one repetition maximum (1RM) test in squat, deadlift, bench press and bent row on the bench). Biological maturation was index by age of PHV. The sample was divided into groups considering YPPHV recent (2.5 to 3.9), median (2.51 to 4.9) and veteran (>4.9). We use a Baysian approach to data handling.
RESULTS
When compared to their peers in the recent and median post PHV groups, the male veteran group were superior in muscle power (Absolute: 100-m (BF10: 2893.85), 500-m (BF10: 553.77) and 6,000-m (BF10: 22.31). Relative: (100-m (BF10: 49.9)) and strength (BF10≥10.0 in squat, bench press and deadlift), and in the female the veteran group were superior in test time (500-m, BF10: 88.4).
CONCLUSION
In elite Juniors rowers the increasing YPPHV are associated with muscle power performance in both sexes and muscle strength performance in males.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Cross-Sectional Studies; Muscle Strength; Athletes; Water Sports; Brazil; Resistance Training
PubMed: 37285362
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286687 -
Sports Health May 2023Despite increasing use of reference values in isokinetic measurements and increasing importance, there is no systematic review of the reference values for lower and... (Review)
Review
CONTEXT
Despite increasing use of reference values in isokinetic measurements and increasing importance, there is no systematic review of the reference values for lower and upper limb isokinetic muscle strength.
OBJECTIVE
A systematic review to analyze studies on the reference values and protocols for the measurement for upper and lower limb isokinetic muscle strength in an untrained and noninjured healthy population.
DATA SOURCES
MEDLINE, Scopus, Scielo, and CINAHL (from the earliest date available to June 2020).
STUDY SELECTION
Studies that measured a set of reference values for isokinetic muscle strength.
STUDY DESIGN
Systematic review.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level 3.
DATA EXTRACTION
Two reviewers selected studies independently. Data related to participants characteristics, outcomes of interest, isokinetic parameters, reference values for isokinetic muscle strength, and quality of evidence assessment were systematically reviewed independently by 2 authors.
RESULTS
A total of 31 studies met the study criteria. The included studies were used to synthesize the isokinetic muscle strength data according to age-group and sex. We extracted 1845 normative data related to isokinetic strength. Of these, 1181 items referred to lower limbs and 664 items to upper limbs.
CONCLUSION
In general, agonist muscle groups are stronger than antagonist muscles, and the men tend to obtain higher strength values than women. The angular velocity varied from 10 to 300 deg/s. The reference values identified can be useful for professionals to obtain during the isokinetic evaluation of the diagnostic parameters of muscle deficiency.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Muscle Strength; Muscle, Skeletal; Lower Extremity; Exercise Therapy; Health Status
PubMed: 36645122
DOI: 10.1177/19417381221146258 -
European Journal of Applied Physiology Feb 2022Circulating testosterone levels are a heritable trait with anabolic properties in various tissues, including skeletal muscle. So far, hundreds of single nucleotide...
PURPOSE
Circulating testosterone levels are a heritable trait with anabolic properties in various tissues, including skeletal muscle. So far, hundreds of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with testosterone levels have been identified in nonathletic populations. The aim of the present study was to test the association of 822 testosterone-increasing SNPs with muscle-related traits (muscle fiber size, fat-free mass and handgrip strength) and to validate the identified SNPs in independent cohorts of strength and power athletes.
METHODS
One hundred and forty-eight physically active individuals (47 females, 101 males) were assessed for cross-sectional area (CSA) of fast-twitch muscle fibers. Significant SNPs were further assessed for fat-free mass and handgrip strength in > 354,000 participants from the UK Biobank cohort. The validation cohorts included Russian elite athletes.
RESULTS
From an initial panel of 822 SNPs, we identified five testosterone-increasing alleles (DOCK3 rs77031559 G, ESR1 rs190930099 G, GLIS3 rs34706136 TG, GRAMD1B rs850294 T, TRAIP rs62260729 C) nominally associated (P < 0.05) with CSA of fast-twitch muscle fibers, fat-free mass and handgrip strength. Based on these five SNPs, the number of testosterone-increasing alleles was positively associated with testosterone levels in male athletes (P = 0.048) and greater strength performance in weightlifters (P = 0.017). Moreover, the proportion of participants with ≥ 2 testosterone-increasing alleles was higher in power athletes compared to controls (68.9 vs. 55.6%; P = 0.012).
CONCLUSION
Testosterone-related SNPs are associated with muscle fiber size, fat-free mass and strength, which combined can partially contribute to a greater predisposition to strength/power sports.
Topics: Adult; Alleles; Athletes; Female; Genomics; Hand Strength; Humans; Male; Muscle Strength; Muscle, Skeletal; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Testosterone
PubMed: 34792618
DOI: 10.1007/s00421-021-04851-w -
International Journal of Environmental... Aug 2022High body mass index (BMI) may influence muscle strength, muscle thickness (Mtk), and fiber composition. We evaluated these parameters in 31 and 27 women grouped in...
High body mass index (BMI) may influence muscle strength, muscle thickness (Mtk), and fiber composition. We evaluated these parameters in 31 and 27 women grouped in non-oral contraceptive (non-OC) groups and OC groups, respectively, and further divided them into groups based on BMI: BMI, BMI, and BMI. Maximum isometric force (F), Mtk, and the relative percentage of muscle fiber composition (%) were examined in both groups. F and Mtk values were significantly greater in the BMI than the BMI within the OC group. However, there was no significant difference in the non-OC group. BMI and BMI groups showed a difference in the distribution of muscle fiber types 1 and 2 with almost the same proportions in both non-OC and OC groups. However, the BMI group showed a difference in the distribution of muscle fiber types 1 and 2, with type 1 about 18.76% higher in the non-OC group. Contrastively, type 2 was about 34.35% higher in the OC group. In this study, we found that there was a significant difference in F and Mtk according to the BMI level in the OC group, but no significant difference was found in the non-OC group. Moreover, the distribution of type 2 muscle fibers tended to be higher in the OC group of BMI, although the sample size was small. Therefore, although no significant difference of F and Mtk was found according to BMI level in the non-OC group in this study, the increase in BMI level appeared to be more associative of muscle strength in the OC group. Based on the present results, future studies are needed that consider the BMI level as well as the presence or absence of OC in future research about women's muscle strength.
Topics: Body Composition; Body Mass Index; Female; Humans; Muscle Strength
PubMed: 36011425
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169789 -
Journal of Electromyography and... Jun 2023The present study aimed to investigate the effects of gender on hip muscle strength and activity during a controlled cutting maneuver in preadolescent athletes....
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of gender on hip muscle strength and activity during a controlled cutting maneuver in preadolescent athletes. Fifty-six football and handball preadolescent players participated (35 females and 21 males). Normalized mean activity of the gluteus medius (GM) muscle was measured using surface electromyography during cutting maneuvers in pre-activation and eccentric phases. The stance duration and the strength of hip abductors and external rotators were recorded with a force plate and a handheld dynamometer, respectively. Descriptive statistics and mixed model analysis were used to assess statistical difference (α = 0.05). The results showed that boys activate the GM muscle significantly more than girls during the pre-activation phase (P = 0.022). Boys also demonstrated greater normalized strength of hip external rotation than girls (P = 0.038), but not for hip abduction or duration of stance (P > 0.05). When adjusted for abduction strength, however, boys had significantly shorter stance duration than girls (P = 0.006). It seems that sex-dependent differences are present in preadolescent athletes as observed in the strength of hip external rotator muscles and neuromuscular activity of the GM muscle during a cutting maneuver. Future studies are needed to investigate whether these changes influence risk of lower limb/ACL injury during sport activities.
Topics: Male; Female; Humans; Muscle, Skeletal; Thigh; Hip; Electromyography; Hip Joint; Muscle Strength; Athletes; Fatigue
PubMed: 37141731
DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2023.102779 -
Scientific Reports Jun 2020We aimed to examine muscle strength, function and mass in relation to cognition in older men. This cross-sectional data-set included 292 men aged ≥60 yr. Handgrip...
We aimed to examine muscle strength, function and mass in relation to cognition in older men. This cross-sectional data-set included 292 men aged ≥60 yr. Handgrip strength (kg) was measured by dynamometry, gait speed by 4-metre walk (m/s) and appendicular lean mass (kg) by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Cognition was assessed across four domains: psychomotor function, attention, visual learning and working memory. Composite scores for overall cognition were calculated. Bivariate analyses indicated that handgrip strength and gait speed were positively associated with cognitive function. After accounting for confounders, positive associations between individual muscle (or physical) measures and cognitive performance were sustained for handgrip strength and psychomotor function, gait speed and psychomotor function, gait speed and attention, handgrip strength and overall cognition, and gait speed and overall cognition. In multivariable models, handgrip strength and gait speed independently predicted psychomotor function and overall cognition. No associations were detected between lean mass and cognition after adjusting for confounders. Thus, low muscle strength and slower gait speed, rather than low lean mass, were associated with poor cognition in older men.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cognition; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Gait; Hand Strength; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muscle Strength; Psychomotor Performance; Walking Speed
PubMed: 32587294
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67251-8 -
International Journal of Environmental... Nov 2022Pre-frail older adults require appropriate exercise to enhance muscle strength as well as upper limb functionality. We developed a handheld vibrator and evaluated its... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Pre-frail older adults require appropriate exercise to enhance muscle strength as well as upper limb functionality. We developed a handheld vibrator and evaluated its effectiveness in enhancing muscle strength compared to conventional exercises among pre-frail community-dwelling older adults. Thirty-one pre-frail older adults (aged 75.5 ± 5.1 years) were recruited and randomly allocated to a vibration group (VG) and control group (CG). The VG underwent 20 minutes of vibration (frequency: 30 Hz, amplitude: 5 mm, horizontal vibration) using a handheld vibrator as well as 40 minutes of conventional exercise. The CG received 60 minutes of conventional exercise only. The primary outcome was muscle strength assessment (kg), and the secondary outcome included activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living scores. The comparisons between the outcome measures revealed no significant differences at the baseline level. Muscle strength of the dominant ( = 2.49, = 0.002) and non-dominant ( = 1.89, = 0.02) wrist flexion, brachioradialis ( = 3.8, = 0.01), and biceps brachii ( = 3.02, = 0.02) in the dominant upper limbs was significantly increased among the VG. The vibration intervention can enhance muscle strength in the upper limbs among pre-frail older adults.
Topics: Aged; Humans; Activities of Daily Living; Exercise Therapy; Frail Elderly; Independent Living; Muscle Strength; Upper Extremity; Vibration
PubMed: 36361390
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114509 -
Journal of Musculoskeletal & Neuronal... Dec 2017Poor sleep quality and short sleep duration are associated with an increased risk for muscle mass reduction. Thus, they may also influence muscle strength. This study...
OBJECTIVES
Poor sleep quality and short sleep duration are associated with an increased risk for muscle mass reduction. Thus, they may also influence muscle strength. This study aimed to investigate the association between sleep quality and duration, and muscle strength in university students.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study comprised 10,125 university students aged 16-30 years. Handgrip strength was measured using a handheld digital dynamometer. Sleep quality and duration were measured using a self-reported questionnaire.
RESULTS
After adjusting for confounding factors, a positive association between sleep quality and muscle strength was observed in both male and female students. Moreover, men with shorter sleep duration (⟨6 hours) had poorer muscle strength than that of men who slept for 7-8 hours and over 8 hours in the final adjusted model. There was no significant difference in the association of sleep duration and muscle strength between men who slept 7-8 hours and those who slept for more than 8 hours. No significant association was observed between sleep duration and muscle strength in female students.
CONCLUSIONS
Good sleep quality is associated with greater muscle strength, while short sleep duration may be a risk factor for decreased muscle strength in university students.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Asian People; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Muscle Strength; Sleep; Students; Universities; Young Adult
PubMed: 29199194
DOI: No ID Found