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The Surgical Clinics of North America Oct 2017Musculoskeletal injuries cause a significant burden to society and can have a considerable impact on patient morbidity and mortality. It was initially thought that these... (Review)
Review
Musculoskeletal injuries cause a significant burden to society and can have a considerable impact on patient morbidity and mortality. It was initially thought that these patients were too sick to undergo surgery and later believed that they were too sick not to undergo surgery. The pendulum has subsequently swung back and forth between damage control orthopedics and early total care for polytrauma patients with extremity injuries and has settled on providing early appropriate care (EAC). The decision-making process in providing EAC is reviewed in an effort to optimize patient outcomes following severe extremity trauma.
Topics: Advanced Trauma Life Support Care; Fractures, Bone; Health Care Costs; Humans; Joint Dislocations; Musculoskeletal System; Orthopedic Procedures; Vascular System Injuries; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 28958361
DOI: 10.1016/j.suc.2017.06.005 -
Journal of Sport Rehabilitation Feb 2020Clinical Scenario: Physical activity is vital for human health. Musculoskeletal injury may inhibit adults from participating in physical activity, and this amount may be... (Review)
Review
Clinical Scenario: Physical activity is vital for human health. Musculoskeletal injury may inhibit adults from participating in physical activity, and this amount may be less than adults without a history of musculoskeletal injury. Clinical Question: Do individuals with a history of ankle or knee musculoskeletal injury participate in less objectively measured physical activity compared with healthy controls? Summary of Key Findings: Four studies were included. Two studies concluded patients who have undergone an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) spent less time in moderate to vigorous physical activity levels when compared with healthy controls, but still achieved the daily recommended amount of physical activity. One study determined that participants with CAI took fewer steps per day compared with the control group. The fourth study determined patients with patellofemoral pain were less physically active than healthy controls as they took fewer steps per day and spent less time participating in mild and high activity. Clinical Bottom Line: There is consistent, high quality evidence that demonstrates individuals with a history of ankle or knee musculoskeletal injury participate in less objectively measured physical activity compared with healthy individuals. Strength of Recommendation: Due to nature of study designs of the included articles in this critically appraised topic, we recommend a grade of 3B.
Topics: Ankle Injuries; Biomedical Research; Evidence-Based Medicine; Exercise; Healthy Lifestyle; Humans; Knee Injuries; Muscle, Skeletal; Patient Education as Topic
PubMed: 31094646
DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2018-0486 -
BMJ Open Jan 2016To conduct the first systematic review from an epidemiological perspective regarding the association between high-heeled shoe wear and hallux valgus, musculoskeletal... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
To conduct the first systematic review from an epidemiological perspective regarding the association between high-heeled shoe wear and hallux valgus, musculoskeletal pain, osteoarthritis (OA) and both first-party and second-party injury in human participants without prior musculoskeletal conditions.
SETTING
A systematic review of international peer-reviewed scientific literature across seven major languages.
DATA SOURCES
Searches were conducted on seven major bibliographic databases in July 2015 to initially identify all scholarly articles on high-heeled shoes. Supplementary manual searches were conducted. Titles, abstracts and full-text articles were sequentially screened to identify all articles assessing epidemiological evidence regarding the association between high-heeled shoe wear and hallux valgus, musculoskeletal pain, OA and both first-party and second-party injury in human participants without prior musculoskeletal conditions. Standardised data extraction and quality assessment (Threats to Validity tool) were conducted.
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES
Musculoskeletal pain or OA as assessed by clinical diagnosis or clinical assessment tool. First-party or second-party injury.
RESULTS
644 unique records were identified, 56 full-text articles were screened and 18 studies included in the review. Four studies assessed the relationship with hallux valgus and three found a significant association. Two studies assessed the association with OA and neither found a significant association. Five studies assessed the association with musculoskeletal pain and three found a significant association. Eight studies assessed first-party injury and seven found evidence of a significant injury toll associated with high-heeled shoes. One study provided data on second-party injury and the injury toll was low.
CONCLUSIONS
High-heeled shoes were shown to be associated with hallux valgus, musculoskeletal pain and first-party injury. No conclusive evidence regarding OA and second-party injury was found. Societal and clinical relevance of these findings is discussed. Concern is expressed about the expectation to wear high-heeled shoes in some work and social situations and access by children.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Distribution; Child; Female; Fractures, Bone; Hallux Valgus; Humans; Musculoskeletal Pain; Musculoskeletal System; Osteoarthritis; Shoes; Sprains and Strains; Young Adult
PubMed: 26769789
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010053 -
Journal of Clinical Gastroenterology Aug 2014Practitioners of endoscopy often experience musculoskeletal pain and injury (most often in the back, neck, shoulders, hands, wrists, and thumbs) that are associated with... (Review)
Review
Practitioners of endoscopy often experience musculoskeletal pain and injury (most often in the back, neck, shoulders, hands, wrists, and thumbs) that are associated with the minute and repetitive strain that is placed on these areas during endoscopic procedures. This review of the current documentation of endoscopy-related pain and injuries among practitioners finds that such problems are widespread and specific in kind as well as strongly correlated with high procedure volume and procedure duration. Research on the nature and impact of cumulative trauma and overuse syndromes in other professions such as dentistry, pianists, production labor, and athletics is brought to bear on the work of the endoscopist. A more thorough understanding of the nature and prevalence of work-related pain and injury sustained by endoscopists should inform further development of ergonomic practices and equipment design. This article reviews current recommendations for ergonomic design in the endoscopy procedure space and finds that reported compliance with those recommendations is quite low. Strategies for the management of the risk of musculoskeletal injuries related to the practice of endoscopy include compliance with currently recommended ergonomic practices, education of trainees in ergonomic technique when practicing endoscopy, and research toward the modification and development of more ergonomic endoscopes and procedure spaces.
Topics: Cumulative Trauma Disorders; Endoscopy; Ergonomics; Humans; Musculoskeletal Pain; Musculoskeletal System; Occupational Injuries; Prevalence; Risk Factors
PubMed: 24798940
DOI: 10.1097/MCG.0000000000000134 -
Journal of Sport and Health Science Mar 2021
Topics: Athletic Injuries; Automobile Driving; Brain Concussion; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Military Personnel; Musculoskeletal System; Parents; Post-Concussion Syndrome; Research; Soccer; Sports Medicine; Students
PubMed: 33453432
DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2021.01.005 -
Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology Apr 2020The skin, nerves, and tendons are superficial anatomical structures that can easily be investigated with an ultrasound (US) examination in the emergency department (ED).... (Review)
Review
The skin, nerves, and tendons are superficial anatomical structures that can easily be investigated with an ultrasound (US) examination in the emergency department (ED). US evaluation is relatively underused in musculoskeletal evaluation when compared with other emergency applications, such as abdominal trauma, possible aortic aneurysm, and in the cardiovascular system. The aim of this article is to revise the main bone and soft tissue conditions that can be assessed using US in the ED.
Topics: Emergency Service, Hospital; Humans; Ultrasonography; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 32438442
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-3402050 -
BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) Dec 2014To identify all reported cases of injury and other problems caused by using a Nintendo video gaming system. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To identify all reported cases of injury and other problems caused by using a Nintendo video gaming system.
DESIGN
Review.
DATA SOURCES AND REVIEW METHODS
Search of PubMed and Embase in June 2014 for reports on injuries and other problems caused by using a Nintendo gaming system.
RESULTS
Most of the 38 articles identified were case reports or case series. Injuries and problems ranged from neurological and psychological to surgical. Traditional controllers with buttons were associated with tendinitis of the extensor of the thumb. The joystick on the Nintendo 64 controller was linked to palmar ulceration. The motion sensitive Wii remote was associated with musculoskeletal problems and various traumas.
CONCLUSIONS
Most problems are mild and prevalence is low. The described injuries were related to the way the games are controlled, which varies according to the video game console.
Topics: Enuresis; Fecal Incontinence; Humans; Posture; Prevalence; Seizures; Severity of Illness Index; Tendinopathy; Ulcer; Video Games; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 25515525
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.g7267 -
Reviews on Environmental Health Jun 2016Musculoskeletal injury exerts a significant burden on US industry. The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency and characteristics of musculoskeletal...
INTRODUCTION
Musculoskeletal injury exerts a significant burden on US industry. The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency and characteristics of musculoskeletal injuries in the California (CA) film and motion picture (FMP) industry which may result in unforeseen morbidity and mortality.
METHODS
We reviewed the workers' compensation (WC) claims database of the Workers' Compensation Insurance Rating Bureau of California (WCIRB) and employment statistics through the US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). We analyzed the frequency, type, body part affected, and cause of musculoskeletal injuries.
RESULTS
From 2003 to 2009, there were 3505 WC claims of which 94.4% were musculoskeletal. In the CA FMP industry, the most common injuries were strains (38.4%), sprains (12.2%), and fractures (11.7%). The most common sites of isolated injury were the knee (18.9%), lower back (15.0%), and ankle (8.6%). Isolated musculoskeletal spine injuries represented 19.3% of all injuries. The most common causes of injury were work-directed activity (36.0%) and falls (25.5%).
CONCLUSION
We present the first report on the unique profile of musculoskeletal injury claims in the FMP industry. This data provides direction for improvement of workplace safety.
Topics: California; Databases, Factual; Humans; Industry; Motion Pictures; Musculoskeletal System; Occupational Injuries; Risk; Workers' Compensation
PubMed: 26812757
DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2015-0023 -
Chiropractic & Manual Therapies Nov 2022While morphological changes to the cervical spine have been observed for over 40 years in response to contact sport participation, little is known about the secondary... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
While morphological changes to the cervical spine have been observed for over 40 years in response to contact sport participation, little is known about the secondary effects of the cervical impairment on future musculoskeletal injury and disability.
OBJECTIVES AND DESIGN
A scoping review was performed to discuss the relationship between contact sport participation and morphological changes to the cervical spine. Moreover, the correlation between morphological changes in the musculoskeletal structures of the cervical spine and resultant deficits in cervical sensorimotor and neuromotor function are discussed. Lastly, how alterations in cervical sensorimotor function may affect overall risk of musculoskeletal injury is discussed.
METHODS
The scientific literature was searched in PubMed, Sport Discus, and Web of Science pertaining to contact-sport athletes and/or cervical pathology and the cervicocephalic network. The Asksey and O'Malley's framework and PRISMA for Scoping Reviews were used to conduct and report the following review. Included articles were grouped into three categories: (1) Morphological changes to the cervical spine in contact sport athletes. (2) The role of the neuromotor pathways of the cervical spine in maintenance of postural tone and coordination of the extremities. (3) The correlation between altered cervical sensorimotor function and a resultant increase in musculoskeletal injury risk.
RESULTS
Our search identified 566 documents, of which 405 underwent full-text screening, resulting in 54 eligible studies for the review. Widespread cervical sensorimotor dysfunction was observed in contact sport athletes. Independently, cervical sensorimotor function was demonstrated to play a critical role in postural control and limb coordination. However, limited research exists exploring the interaction between contact sport participation and altered cervical sensorimotor function, as well as an associated increase in musculoskeletal injury risk.
CONCLUSIONS
Limited evidence exists linking cervical injury and/or observed deficits in cervical sensorimotor and neuromotor function to musculoskeletal injury risk. Longitudinal studies combining imaging measures (e.g., MRI, DEXA), cervical functional test, and prospective injury risk are needed to further explore the correlation between resultant cervical sensorimotor deficits following contact sport impacts and future musculoskeletal injury risk.
Topics: Humans; Athletes; Athletic Injuries; Cervical Vertebrae; Forecasting; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 36434725
DOI: 10.1186/s12998-022-00458-w -
Medicine and Science in Sports and... Jun 2016This study aimed to determine the association between injury history at enrollment and incident lower extremity (LE) injury during cadet basic training among first-year...
PURPOSE
This study aimed to determine the association between injury history at enrollment and incident lower extremity (LE) injury during cadet basic training among first-year military cadets.
METHODS
Medically treated LE injuries during cadet basic training documented in the Defense Medical Surveillance System were ascertained in a prospective cohort study of three large US military academies from 2005 to 2008. Both acute injuries (International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision, codes in the 800-900s, including fracture, dislocations, and sprains/strains) and injury-related musculoskeletal injuries (International Classification of Disease, Ninth Revision, codes in the 700s, including inflammation and pain, joint derangement, stress fracture, sprain/strain/rupture, and dislocation) were included. Risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were computed using multivariate log-binomial models stratified by gender.
RESULTS
During basic training, there were 1438 medically treated acute and 1719 musculoskeletal-related LE injuries in the 9811 cadets. The most frequent LE injuries were sprains/strains (73.6% of acute injuries) and inflammation and pain (89.6% of musculoskeletal-related injuries). The overall risk of incident LE injury was 23.2% (95% CI = 22.3%-24.0%). Cadets with a history of LE injury were at increased risk for incident LE injury. This association was identical in males (RR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.55-1.94) and females (RR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.52-1.99). In site-specific analyses, strong associations between injury history and incident injury were observed for hip, knee ligament, stress fracture, and ankle sprain. Injury risk was greater (P < 0.01) for females (39.1%) compared with males (18.0%). The elevated injury risk in females (RR = 2.19, 95% CI = 2.04-2.36) was independent of injury history (adjusted RR = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.95-2.24).
CONCLUSION
Injury history upon entry to the military is associated with the incidence of LE injuries sustained during cadet basic training. Prevention programs targeted at modifiable factors in cadets with a history of LE injury should be considered.
Topics: Adolescent; Arthralgia; Female; Fractures, Bone; Humans; Incidence; Joint Dislocations; Lower Extremity; Male; Military Personnel; Musculoskeletal System; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Sprains and Strains; United States; Young Adult
PubMed: 26765627
DOI: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000872