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JAMA Aug 2017Music therapy may facilitate skills in areas affected by autism spectrum disorder (ASD), such as social interaction and communication. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Randomized Controlled Trial
IMPORTANCE
Music therapy may facilitate skills in areas affected by autism spectrum disorder (ASD), such as social interaction and communication.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate effects of improvisational music therapy on generalized social communication skills of children with ASD.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
Assessor-blinded, randomized clinical trial, conducted in 9 countries and enrolling children aged 4 to 7 years with ASD. Children were recruited from November 2011 to November 2015, with follow-up between January 2012 and November 2016.
INTERVENTIONS
Enhanced standard care (n = 182) vs enhanced standard care plus improvisational music therapy (n = 182), allocated in a 1:1 ratio. Enhanced standard care consisted of usual care as locally available plus parent counseling to discuss parents' concerns and provide information about ASD. In improvisational music therapy, trained music therapists sang or played music with each child, attuned and adapted to the child's focus of attention, to help children develop affect sharing and joint attention.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
The primary outcome was symptom severity over 5 months, based on the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), social affect domain (range, 0-27; higher scores indicate greater severity; minimal clinically important difference, 1). Prespecified secondary outcomes included parent-rated social responsiveness. All outcomes were also assessed at 2 and 12 months.
RESULTS
Among 364 participants randomized (mean age, 5.4 years; 83% boys), 314 (86%) completed the primary end point and 290 (80%) completed the last end point. Over 5 months, participants assigned to music therapy received a median of 19 music therapy, 3 parent counseling, and 36 other therapy sessions, compared with 3 parent counseling and 45 other therapy sessions for those assigned to enhanced standard care. From baseline to 5 months, mean ADOS social affect scores estimated by linear mixed-effects models decreased from 14.08 to 13.23 in the music therapy group and from 13.49 to 12.58 in the standard care group (mean difference, 0.06 [95% CI, -0.70 to 0.81]; P = .88), with no significant difference in improvement. Of 20 exploratory secondary outcomes, 17 showed no significant difference.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
Among children with autism spectrum disorder, improvisational music therapy, compared with enhanced standard care, resulted in no significant difference in symptom severity based on the ADOS social affect domain over 5 months. These findings do not support the use of improvisational music therapy for symptom reduction in children with autism spectrum disorder.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
isrctn.org Identifier: ISRCTN78923965.
Topics: Attention; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Humans; Male; Music Therapy; Single-Blind Method; Social Skills; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 28787504
DOI: 10.1001/jama.2017.9478 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jul 2022Depression is the most common mental problem among the elderly, especially in long-term care facilities. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Depression is the most common mental problem among the elderly, especially in long-term care facilities. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of group music intervention on depression for elderly people in nursing homes. Methods: A randomized control trial consisting of sixty-three elderly participants randomly and blindly assigned to a music group or control group was utilized. The music group received 20 sessions of group music intervention (two 30-min sessions per week for 10 weeks), and the control group received usual care with no music intervention. The Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form (GDS-SF) and salivary cortisol at baseline, 5 weeks, and 10 weeks were collected for analysis. Results of the GEEs (generalized estimating equations) analysis indicated that after 20 sessions for 10 weeks of group music intervention, the groups showed a statistically significant difference in depression at 5 weeks and 10 weeks. There was no significant difference in the salivary cortisol concentration between the two groups. The results show that the group music intervention may effectively reduce the depression scores for elderly people in nursing homes. Conclusion: The group music intervention has positive effects on depression.
Topics: Aged; Depression; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Music Therapy; Nursing Homes
PubMed: 35954677
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159291 -
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies Apr 2023High blood pressure, anxiety, depression and sleep disorder is very common in patients with hypertension. We aimed to perform a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
High blood pressure, anxiety, depression and sleep disorder is very common in patients with hypertension. We aimed to perform a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of adjuvant music therapy for patients with hypertension, to provide insights to the clinical management of hypertension.
METHODS
Two authors searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biomedical Literature Database, Wanfang Databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the role of music therapy in hypertension up to Oct 15, 2022. RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis.
RESULTS
A total of 20 RCTs including 2306 patients were finally included. 1154 patients received music therapy. Meta-analysis showed that music therapy can effectively reduce the systolic blood pressure(MD = - 9.00, 95%CI: - 11.99~- 6.00), diastolic blood pressure(MD = -6.53, 95%CI: -9.12~- 3.93), heart rate (MD = -3.76, 95%CI: -7.32~- 0.20), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) score(MD =-8.55, 95%CI: -12.04~-4.12), self-rating depression scale (SDS) score(MD = -9.17, 95%CI: -13.85~-5.18), Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA), score(MD = -3.37, 95%CI: - 5.38~- 1.36), PSQI score(MD =-1.61, 95%CI:-2.30~- 0.93) compared with routine therapy in patients with hypertension(all P < 0.05). No publication bias in the synthesized outcomes were found (all P > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Music therapy can effectively control blood pressure and heart rate, reduce anxiety and depression levels, and improve sleep quality in hypertensive patients. Limited by the quantity and quality of included studies, the above conclusions need to be verified by more high-quality studies.
Topics: Humans; Anxiety; Blood Pressure; Hypertension; Music; Music Therapy
PubMed: 37024863
DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03929-6 -
Palliative Medicine Jun 2021Awareness for the importance of psychological and spiritual needs in patients with terminal diseases has increased in recent years, but randomized trials on the effects... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Awareness for the importance of psychological and spiritual needs in patients with terminal diseases has increased in recent years, but randomized trials on the effects of psychosocial interventions are still rare.
AIM
To investigate the efficacy of the "Song of Life" music therapy intervention regarding the emotional and psycho-spiritual dimensions of quality of life.
DESIGN
Patients were randomly assigned to either "Song of Life" or a relaxation intervention. "Song of Life" is a novel three-session music therapy intervention working with a biographically meaningful song. Primary outcome was the improvement in psychological quality of life. Secondary outcomes included spiritual well-being, ego-integrity, momentary distress, and global quality of life and the explorative assessment of treatment satisfaction (patient and family member version). Intention-to-treat analysis was conducted including adjustment for multiple testing in secondary outcomes.
SETTING/PARTICIPANTS
Between December 2018 and August 2020, 104 patients receiving specialized palliative care were recruited from two palliative care wards.
RESULTS
No significant differences were found regarding psychological and global quality of life, but "Song of Life" participants reported significantly higher spiritual well-being ( = 0.04) and ego-integrity ( < 0.01), as well as lower distress ( = 0.05) than patients in the control group. Both patients' and family members' treatment satisfaction was higher after "Song of Life" with large between-group effect sizes on items asking for meaningfulness ( = 0.96) and importance ( = 1.00).
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings provide evidence that "Song of Life" is an effective and meaningful biographical music therapy intervention to facilitate psycho-spiritual integration in terminally ill patients.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS)-DRKS00015308 (date of registration: September 7th 2018).
Topics: Hospice and Palliative Care Nursing; Humans; Music Therapy; Palliative Care; Patients; Quality of Life
PubMed: 33876660
DOI: 10.1177/02692163211010394 -
Soins; La Revue de Reference Infirmiere Dec 2023Supporting people suffering from anorexia nervosa remains a challenge. While traditional treatment focuses more on speech and its emergence for the patient and family,...
Supporting people suffering from anorexia nervosa remains a challenge. While traditional treatment focuses more on speech and its emergence for the patient and family, non-medicinal and non-verbal therapies are used more systematically, sometimes as a last resort. Yet, as a non-verbal mediated therapy, music therapy can find a legitimate place and complement all the psychiatric, psychotherapeutic, somatic, dietetic and nursing areas where speech already circulates.
Topics: Humans; Anorexia Nervosa; Music Therapy
PubMed: 38070983
DOI: 10.1016/j.soin.2023.10.012 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger Jan 2024Non-pharmacological treatment for pain in children is seeing more interest as various interventions are investigated and found to be efficacious and free from adverse... (Review)
Review
Non-pharmacological treatment for pain in children is seeing more interest as various interventions are investigated and found to be efficacious and free from adverse side effects. Some of the most used non-pharmacological treatments include distractive play, music therapy, virtual reality, hospital clowns, and hypnosis. This review summarises studies examining these modalities and finds that the available literature, although at times limited, mostly concludes that they are effective at reducing pain and/or anxiety in children. The population and setting for each modality are discussed.
Topics: Child; Humans; Pain; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Pain Management; Music Therapy
PubMed: 38235722
DOI: 10.61409/V06230364 -
Neurological Sciences : Official... Jun 2022In the last few years, several studies confirmed the effectiveness of music therapy (MT) for the rehabilitative management of patients with neurological disorders. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
In the last few years, several studies confirmed the effectiveness of music therapy (MT) for the rehabilitative management of patients with neurological disorders.
AIM
Here we discuss the feasibility and disadvantages of tele-neurological MT (tele-NMT) compared to the traditional MT programmes.
METHODS
We selected all the articles registered in the Web of Knowledge, PubMed, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect from March 2020 to November 2021 concerning tele-NMT during the COVID-19 outbreak, collecting same examples and experiences.
RESULTS
With the advent of the COVID-19, several music-based interventions (MBIs) have been adapted from "in person" to a "remote and virtual" mode (through the telemedicine).
DISCUSSION
Tele-NMT could represent a promising option to provide constant care and support to people with neurological diseases during the pandemic.
Topics: COVID-19; Disease Outbreaks; Humans; Music; Music Therapy; Pandemics; Telemedicine
PubMed: 35230597
DOI: 10.1007/s10072-022-05957-5 -
International Journal of Environmental... Apr 2023The use of telehealth within music therapy practice has increased through necessity in recent years. To contribute to the evolving evidence base, this current study on...
The use of telehealth within music therapy practice has increased through necessity in recent years. To contribute to the evolving evidence base, this current study on Telehealth Music Therapy (TMT) was undertaken to investigate the telehealth provision experiences of music therapists internationally. Participants completed an anonymous online cross-sectional survey covering demographics, clinical practice, telehealth provision, and telehealth perceptions. Descriptive and inferential statistics, in combination with thematic analysis, were used to analyze the data. A total of 572 music therapists from 29 countries experienced in providing TMT took part in this study. The results showed that the overall number of clinical hours (TMT and in-person hours combined) declined due to the pandemic. Participants also reported reduced perceived success rates in utilizing both live and pre-recorded music in TMT sessions when compared to in-person sessions. Although many music therapists rose to the challenges posed by the pandemic by incorporating TMT delivery modes, there was no clear agreement on whether TMT has more benefits than drawbacks; however, reported benefits included increased client access and caregiver involvement. Furthermore, a correlation analysis revealed moderate-to-strong positive associations between respondents who perceived TMT to have more benefits than drawbacks, proficiency at administering assessments over telehealth, and perceived likelihood of using telehealth in the future. Regarding the influence of primary theoretical orientation and work setting, respondents who selected music psychotherapy as a primary theoretical orientation had more experience providing TMT prior to the pandemic while those primarily working in private practice were most inclined to continue TMT services post-pandemic. Benefits and drawbacks are discussed and future recommendations for TMT are provided.
Topics: Humans; Music Therapy; Music; Cross-Sectional Studies; Telemedicine; Allied Health Personnel; Pandemics
PubMed: 37107862
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20085580 -
Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and... Dec 2024The abundant functions of music and its effects on human's mental and physical health have been verified since ancient times, but rarely received attention as an... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
The abundant functions of music and its effects on human's mental and physical health have been verified since ancient times, but rarely received attention as an alternative obstetric intervention.
OBJECTIVE
This study aims to investigate the benefits of music therapy on prenatal and delivery experiences of pregnant women.
METHOD
A systematic search for articles was conducted in electronic databases including CINAHL, Web of Science, PubMed/Medline, and CNKI. A total of 240 articles were identified, and 17 studies were selected for this review. The extracted data included author, year, location, sample size, intervention phase, type of music, music therapy strategy, measuring instruments, and results. The data were organized chronologically based on the publication year of each study.
RESULT
The articles indicated that music therapy has advantages in reducing pain during childbirth, lowering anxiety and stress levels in mothers, improving sleep quality, and increasing fetal movements, basal fetal heart rate, and accelerations.
CONCLUSION
Based on the findings, it can be concluded that music therapy is an effective approach to enhance the experience of pregnant women during pregnancy and delivery. Therefore, its implementation in obstetrical clinical practice is highly recommended.
Topics: Pregnancy; Humans; Female; Music Therapy; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders; Mothers
PubMed: 38146963
DOI: 10.1080/0167482X.2023.2291635 -
Tijdschrift Voor Psychiatrie 2015Music therapy is a predominantly non-verbal psychotherapy based on music improvisation, embedded in a therapeutic relationship. This is the reason why music therapy is...
BACKGROUND
Music therapy is a predominantly non-verbal psychotherapy based on music improvisation, embedded in a therapeutic relationship. This is the reason why music therapy is also used to treat depression.
AIM
To examine the efficacy of music therapy and to report on the results of recent research into the value of music therapy as a treatment for depression.
METHOD
We reviewed the literature on recent research into music therapy and depression, reporting on the methods used and the results achieved, and we assessed the current position of music therapy for depression in the context of evidence-based scientific research.
RESULTS
A wide variety of research methods was used to investigate the effects of using music therapy as a psychotherapy. Most studies focused usually on the added value that music therapy brings to the standard form of psychiatric treatment, when administered with or without psychopharmacological support. Music therapy produced particularly significant and favourable results when used to treat patients with depression.
CONCLUSION
Current research into music therapy and depression points to a significant and persistent reduction in patients' symptoms and to improvements in their quality of life. However, further research is needed with regard to the best methods of illustrating the effects of music therapy.
Topics: Depressive Disorder; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Music Therapy; Quality of Life; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 26552929
DOI: No ID Found