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Epidemiology and Infection Feb 2024
Topics: Humans; Mycoplasma pneumoniae; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma; Disease Outbreaks
PubMed: 38380476
DOI: 10.1017/S0950268824000293 -
Euro Surveillance : Bulletin Europeen... Jan 2024We report a surge of patients, especially children and adolescents, with respiratory disease caused by in Denmark since October 2023. While the surge has reached an...
We report a surge of patients, especially children and adolescents, with respiratory disease caused by in Denmark since October 2023. While the surge has reached an epidemic level, no impact on hospital capacity has been observed; only 14% (446/3,195) of cases, primarily adults, required hospitalisation. Macrolide resistance was detected in less than 2% of samples tested. Timely monitoring of hospitalisations linked to infections has been established to inform the healthcare system, decisionmakers and the public.
Topics: Child; Adult; Adolescent; Humans; Mycoplasma pneumoniae; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Macrolides; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Denmark
PubMed: 38214084
DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.2.2300707 -
Journal of Microbiology, Immunology,... Aug 2021Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the major pathogens causing community-acquired pneumonia in children. Although usually self-limited, Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia...
BACKGROUND
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the major pathogens causing community-acquired pneumonia in children. Although usually self-limited, Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) may lead to complicated morbidity that can even be life-threatening. Upon MPP infection, alveolar macrophage becomes attracted and activated and will induce subsequent cytokine and chemokine reaction. Refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP) is manifested by clinical or radiological deterioration despite proper antibiotic therapy. RMPP is characterized with excessive inflammation and may need subsequent glucocorticoid treatment.
AIM
The aim of this study was to investigate the change of plasma chemokines in non-refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (NRMPP) and RMPP before and after antibiotic or methylprednisolone treatment.
METHOD
A total of 42 children with MPP were enrolled in this study. Plasma specimens were collected at admission and one to two weeks after antibiotic or methylprednisolone treatment with declined fever. Plasma specimens were then indicated to chemokines detection.
RESULTS
Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia altered the chemokine profile through the observation of decreased plasma M1 related chemokines (CCL2, CCL8 and CXCL10) and increased M2 related chemokines (CCL17 and CCL22) after treatment.When the patients were divided into RMPP and NRMPP groups and the chemokines before treatment were compared, the RMPP group showed higher CXCL10 but lower CCL3 and CCL11 than the NRMPP group.
CONCLUSION
Unique changes in macrophage related chemokines is observed in the course of MPP infection. NRMPP and RMPP infection in children showed distinct manifestation in chemokine profiles.
Topics: Adolescent; Chemokines; Child; Child, Preschool; Community-Acquired Infections; Female; Humans; Male; Mycoplasma pneumoniae; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma
PubMed: 32299786
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.030 -
Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia) Oct 2021
Topics: Humans; Pneumonia; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma; Pneumonia, Viral; Stroke
PubMed: 34663715
DOI: 10.17712/nsj.2021.4.20210044 -
Revue Scientifique Et Technique... Dec 1996Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is now a well-defined disease that is caused by Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae. CCPP is infectious, contagious... (Review)
Review
Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) is now a well-defined disease that is caused by Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. capripneumoniae. CCPP is infectious, contagious and fulfils the classic Koch postulates that characterise such types of disease. The distribution of the disease is not exactly known, but reports of mycoplasma isolation and official declarations to the Office International des Epizooties (OIE) enable a probable distribution map to be obtained. There are many other mycoplasmas that can infect goat and sheep lungs and induce pleuropneumonia. However, pleuropneumonia is often restricted to young animals and the prominent symptom is mastitis in lactating does. Other symptoms may also occur, contributing to a syndrome that has been tentatively described in this paper as 'MAKePS syndrome' for mastitis, arthritis, keratitis, pneumonia and septicaemia.
Topics: Animals; Goat Diseases; Goats; Mycoplasma; Pleuropneumonia, Contagious; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma; Sheep; Sheep Diseases
PubMed: 9190020
DOI: 10.20506/rst.15.4.990 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2023(MP) infection serves as a substantial cofactor in Kawasaki disease (KD) among patients. Although the dominant issue triggering KD has recently focused on MP infection,...
BACKGROUND
(MP) infection serves as a substantial cofactor in Kawasaki disease (KD) among patients. Although the dominant issue triggering KD has recently focused on MP infection, the complete demonstration of the relationship between MP infection and KD remains elusive. This study endeavors to scrutinize and compare the clinical manifestations and cardiac involvement between MP-triggered KD and non-infection-associated KD.
METHOD
This retrospective study (2023-039, approved by the Institutional Review Board of West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University) encompassed 247 consecutive patients diagnosed with KD between June 2017 and December 2022. Patients were categorized into two groups: the MP group (n = 38) and the non-MP group (n = 209). Univariable analysis was utilized to discern differences in clinical features, severity of inflammation, and initial or persistent cardiac complications between the two groups.
RESULTS
The MP group exhibited a more intricate clinical profile compared with the non-MP group, characterized by prolonged hospital stays, a higher incidence of incomplete KD, and elevated comorbidities. In addition, MP infection correlated with severe hematological disorders, coagulation dysfunction, and myocardial injuries. Our findings revealed that MP infection led to prolonged inflammation after initial treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin. Although initial cardiac assessments failed to discern disparities between the two groups, MP infection notably exacerbated coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs), resulting in sustained dilation.
CONCLUSIONS
Recognizing MP infection as a significant infectious factor associated with KD is imperative. In patients with KD, MP infection significantly prolongs inflammation and causes hematological disturbances during the initial treatment phase. Moreover, the presence of MP infection exacerbates the progression of CAAs and myocardial injuries during the subacute phase of KD, consequently contributing to the persistence of CAAs.
Topics: Humans; Retrospective Studies; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome; Heart Diseases; Coronary Aneurysm; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma; Inflammation
PubMed: 38304251
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1310134 -
Immunity, Inflammation and Disease Nov 2023Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) is a common respiratory tract infectious disease in children. The study aimed to elucidate the therapeutic efficacy of aerosolized...
OBJECTIVE
Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) is a common respiratory tract infectious disease in children. The study aimed to elucidate the therapeutic efficacy of aerosolized budesonide and N-acetylcysteine combination therapy for MP infection in children.
METHODS
One hundred and twenty children with MP infection were included and divided into the control group (received aerosol inhalation of budesonide) and the experimental group (aerosolized budesonide and N-acetylcysteine). After treatment, the disappearance time of clinical symptoms and efficacy were contrasted between the two groups.
RESULTS
With the passage of treatment time, the children's cough score of the two groups were gradually reduced. The children in the experimental group got well from the cough faster than the control group, and the difference reached a significant level on the 5th and 7th days. The time required for fever, rale, and cough to disappear in the experimental group was shorter than those in the control group. As the treatment progressed, a gradual decrease in serum interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and C-reactive protein values was detected in both groups, and the decrease was more significant in the experimental group. The total effective rate of the experimental group was 98.33%, which surpassed the control group (93.33%).
CONCLUSION
Budesonide and N-acetylcysteine combination therapy in the treatment of MP infection in children has a significant effect, and can quickly relieve the clinical symptoms of children with good safety. It is worthy of widespread clinical use.
Topics: Child; Humans; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma; Budesonide; Acetylcysteine; Cough; Mycoplasma pneumoniae; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38018572
DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1068 -
Euro Surveillance : Bulletin Europeen... Jan 2024In 2023, through an ongoing respiratory pathogen surveillance system, we observed from mid-September onwards, an increase of respiratory illness among children aged...
In 2023, through an ongoing respiratory pathogen surveillance system, we observed from mid-September onwards, an increase of respiratory illness among children aged ≤ 15 years presenting at hospital outpatient clinics in Beijing, China. Data indicated that illness was caused by multiple pathogens, predominantly . Seasonality, periodicity and high prevalence of resistance to macrolide (30 of 30 strains sequenced with the A2063G mutation) were important characteristics of the epidemic, which resulted in a rise in consultations at specialised paediatric hospitals.
Topics: Child; Humans; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma; Beijing; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Mycoplasma pneumoniae; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Macrolides; China
PubMed: 38214078
DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.2.2300704 -
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy =... Jan 2021Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is the only pathogen in the Mycoplasma family that can cause respiratory symptoms, including acute upper respiratory tract infection and...
OBJECTIVE
Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is the only pathogen in the Mycoplasma family that can cause respiratory symptoms, including acute upper respiratory tract infection and bronchitis, which are often attributed to Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP). MPP is one of the diseases that commonly affects the pediatric respiratory system, but its pathogenesis is unclear. This study investigated the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of Qingxuan Tongluo formula and its main component, curcumin, on MPP.
METHODS
A mouse model of MPP was obtained by nasal drip of the MP strain. The effects of Qingxuan Tongluo formula and curcumin on the treatment of MPP were studied. The proteomic profiles of the alveolar lavage fluid of mice in the model group, Qingxuan Tongluo formula group and curcumin group were evaluated by LC-MS/MS. ELISA and immunohistochemistry were used to verify the possible presence of MP infection biomarkers and drug target proteins.
RESULTS
Compared with the mice in the model group, the MPP mice in the Qingxuan Tongluo formula group had significantly reduced fever and cough and prolonged the cough incubation period. Moreover, the pulmonary pathology of the MPP mice was significantly improved, and the lung histopathological score was decreased. After treatment with Qingxuan Tongluo formula and curcumin, the functional and pathway abnormalities caused by MP were mainly inhibited. Levels of HSP90AA1, GRP94, ENO1 and PLG expression were verified by ELISA and immunohistochemistry.
CONCLUSION
Qingxuan Tongluo formula significantly reduced fevers and cough and prolonged the cough incubation period of MPP mice. Qingxuan Tongluo formula and curcumin significantly improved the pathological changes in lung tissue caused by MP infection. Proteomics analyses indicated that Qingxuan Tongluo formula and curcumin may have therapeutic effects on MPP by regulating energy metabolism, relieving oxidative stress and activating the fibrinolytic system. ENO1 and PLG were found to be potential drug targets.
Topics: Animals; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; Curcumin; Disease Models, Animal; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; Host-Pathogen Interactions; Lung; Male; Membrane Glycoproteins; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mycoplasma pneumoniae; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; Plasminogen; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma; Protein Interaction Maps; Proteomics; Mice
PubMed: 33378995
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110998 -
BMC Infectious Diseases Aug 2021In the past few years, Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Shi et al. Lancet 390:946-958, 2017) infection has been reported more in China. However, there are few studies on the...
BACKGROUND
In the past few years, Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Shi et al. Lancet 390:946-958, 2017) infection has been reported more in China. However, there are few studies on the clinical characteristics and prognosis of necrotizing pneumonia (NP) (Griffiths et al. Nature 583:615-619, 2020) caused by different pathogens.
METHODS
A retrospective analysis was performed, including 31 children with a clinical diagnosis of NP in the hospital from January 1, 2013 to January 31, 2020. A total of 11 children with MPNP were included in the observation group and the other 20 children with other pathogens were included in the control group. The clinical manifestations, laboratory data, imaging findings, treatments and outcomes were analyzed.
RESULTS
The proportion of dyspnea cases was significantly higher in the non-Mycoplasma pneumoniae necrotizing pneumonia (N-MPNP) group than that in the Mycoplasma pneumoniae necrotizing pneumonia (MPNP) group (P = 0.02).The LDH level of all patients in the MPNP group was higher than the normal value, with a median value of 805.0 U/L, which was significantly higher than those in the N-MPNP group (414.0 [299.9-540.6] U/L; Z = - 2.518; P = 0.012). The white blood cells (WBCs) count of the N-MPNP group was 17.8 (11.1-21.7) × 10/L, which was significantly higher than that of the MPNP group (10.2 [6.3-14.1] × 10/L; P < 0.05). The mean time of pulmonary necrosis in the MPNP group was 20.9 ± 6.9 days, which was higher than that of the N-MPNP group (16.8 ± 6.1 days; t = 3.101; P = 0.004). The incidence of pleural effusion in the N-MPNP group (19 patients, 95%) was significantly higher than that in the MPNP group (six patients, 54.55%) (P = 0.013). Among them, two patients received bronchoscopy lavage at a maximum four times, and the cases of plastic bronchitis were seen only in the MPNP group (3 cases; P = 0.037).The length of stay was 18 (10-22) days in the MPNP group and 23.5 (13.5-47) days in the N-MPNP group and no significant difference was observed between the two groups (Z = - 1.923, P = - 0.055).
CONCLUSIONS
1. MP infection is the most common infection in children with NP in the Suzhou area. There is no gender and age difference between MPNP and N-MPNP, but the bacterial infection was mainly observed in the N-MPNP group. 2. Children in the N-MPNP group have more severe clinical symptoms, were more prone to shortness of breath, had a longer hospital stay, and had earlier imaging manifestations of necrosis, whereas children in the MPNP group were more likely to have plastic bronchitis. The level of WBC and LDH and the nature of pleural effusion can be used to identify MPNP and N-MPNP to some extent. 3. The prognosis of MPNP was better than that of N-MPNP. There were no death cases. Pleural thickening, pulmonary fibrosis, and bronchiectasis were the most common sequelae. Compared with N-MPNP, the recovery time of lung imaging in MPNP was shorter.
Topics: Child; Humans; Mycoplasma pneumoniae; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma; Pneumonia, Necrotizing; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 34376156
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06469-x