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Archives of Pathology & Laboratory... Jun 2014Some dental abnormalities have environmental causes. Other odontogenic alterations are idiopathic and may have hereditary etiologies. Investigations of these conditions... (Review)
Review
CONTEXT
Some dental abnormalities have environmental causes. Other odontogenic alterations are idiopathic and may have hereditary etiologies. Investigations of these conditions are ongoing.
OBJECTIVE
To provide a discussion of developmental odontogenic abnormalities and benign odontogenic overgrowths and neoplasms for which genetic alterations have been well demonstrated and well documented.
DATA SOURCES
Relevant peer-reviewed literature.
CONCLUSIONS
The understanding of benign odontogenic lesions at a molecular level is rather well developed for some lesions and at the initial stages for many others. Further characterization of the molecular underpinnings of these and other odontogenic lesions would result in an enhanced comprehension of odontogenesis and the pathogenesis of a variety of odontogenic aberrations. These advancements may lead to better prevention and treatment paradigms and improved patient outcomes.
Topics: Ameloblastoma; Amelogenesis Imperfecta; Anodontia; Dentin Dysplasia; Dentinogenesis Imperfecta; Humans; Mutation; Odontogenesis; Odontogenic Cysts; Odontogenic Tumors; Odontoma; Tooth Abnormalities; Tooth, Supernumerary
PubMed: 24878015
DOI: 10.5858/arpa.2013-0057-SA -
Dento Maxillo Facial Radiology Dec 2010The aims of the review were to evaluate the principal clinical and conventional radiographic features of orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst (OOC) by systematic review... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
OBJECTIVES
The aims of the review were to evaluate the principal clinical and conventional radiographic features of orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst (OOC) by systematic review (SR), and to compare the frequency of OOC between four global groups.
METHODS
The databases searched were the PubMed interface of MEDLINE and LILACS. Only those reports of OOCs that occurred in a consecutive series of OOCs in the reporting authors' caseload were considered.
RESULTS
37 reports on 36 case series were included in the SR. OOC affected males twice as frequently and the mandible almost 2.5 times as frequently. Although the mean age at first presentation was 35 years, the largest proportion of cases first presented in the third decade for the Western, East Asian and Latin American global groups. Seven reports included details of at least one clinical finding. 11 reported case series included at least 1 radiological feature. All OOCs were radiolucent, 93% were unilocular and 68% were associated with unerupted teeth. 28% of the reported case series included follow up. 4% of OCC recurred and all of these were in the Western global group.
CONCLUSIONS
Although one feature of OOCs is that they are unlikely to recur, some do. Not only is there a lack of long-term follow up of large series with long-term outcomes of OOC, but there is a paucity of clinical and radiological details of OOC at initial presentation.
Topics: Africa South of the Sahara; Europe; Asia, Eastern; Humans; Jaw Diseases; Keratins; Latin America; North America; Odontogenic Cysts; Radiography; Sex Ratio
PubMed: 21062939
DOI: 10.1259/dmfr/19728573 -
Dento Maxillo Facial Radiology Mar 2010The aim of this study was to evaluate the principal features of "glandular odontogenic cyst" (GOC), by systematic review (SR), and to compare their frequencies among... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to evaluate the principal features of "glandular odontogenic cyst" (GOC), by systematic review (SR), and to compare their frequencies among four global groups.
METHODS
The databases searched were the PubMed interface of MEDLINE and LILACS. Only those reports of GOCs that occurred in a series in the reporting authors' caseload were considered. All cases were confirmed histopathologically.
RESULTS
18 reports on 17 series of consecutive cases were included in the SR. GOC affected males twice as frequently and the mandible almost three times as frequently. The mean age at first presentation was 44 years, coincident with that of the Western global group, in which the largest proportion of reports and cases first presented in the second half of the fifth decade. However, age at presentation of GOCs in the East Asian and sub-Saharan African global groups was nearly a decade younger, this was significant. Six reports included details of at least one clinical presentation. Eight reports included at least one conventional radiological feature. There were some significant differences between global groups. The Western global group had a particular predilection for the anterior sextants of both jaws. The sub-Saharan African group displayed buccolingual expansion (as did the Latin American group) and tooth displacement in every case. 18% of GOCs recurred overall, except in the sub-Saharan African global group.
CONCLUSIONS
GOCs have a marked propensity to recur in most global groups. GOCs presented in older patients and with swellings, affected the anterior sextants of both jaws, and radiologically were more likely to present as a well-defined unilocular radiolucency with buccolingual expansion. Tooth displacement, root resorption and an association with unerupted teeth occurred in 50%, 30% and 11% of cases, respectively.
Topics: Female; Humans; Jaw Diseases; Male; Odontogenic Cysts; Radiography; Sex Factors
PubMed: 20203274
DOI: 10.1259/dmfr/30943934 -
Biomedical Papers of the Medical... Jun 2014Odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) now reclassified as Keratocystic odontogenic tumours (KCOTs) are a clinical entity with a characteristic microscopic picture, kinetic... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) now reclassified as Keratocystic odontogenic tumours (KCOTs) are a clinical entity with a characteristic microscopic picture, kinetic growth and biological behaviour. They arise from the proliferation of the epithelial dental lamina in both maxilla and mandible and occur in patients of all ages. 70-80% of keratocysts are found in the mandible commonly in the angle between the jaw and mandibular branch and maxillary region of the third molar. The cysts are long latent, often symptomless and may attain remarkable dimensions without significant deformation of the jaw bones. They are often found during routine dental X-ray examination. Compared to other types of jaw cyst, odontogenic cysts have a striking tendency to rapid growth and re-occurrence.
AIMS
This review focuses on the biological characteristics, clinical behaviour and treatment of KCOTs.
METHODS
The databases searched were the PubMed interface of MEDLINE and LILACS.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS
Ondontogenic keratinocysts are not currently a diagnostic problem. Orthopantomograms which are today ordinary tools of dental investigation enable diagnosis of clinically asymptomatic cystic lesions. The problem remains the optimal therapeutic approach to reduce the still high likelihood of postoperative recurrence. There is no complete consensus on the ideal operating procedure but cystectomy with delayed extirpation is favoured. An open question also remains the timeliness of screening for postoperative recurrences. Given that the first clinical manifestation of Nevoid Basal Cell Carcioma Syndome (NBCCS) may be lesions of this type, routine histopathological classification supplemented by analysis of immunophenotype should be done. Patients with proven sporadic and especially syndromic OKC should be long term screened. In patients with NBCC preventive X ray examination is recommended only once a year.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Humans; Jaw Neoplasms; Odontogenic Cysts; Odontogenic Tumors
PubMed: 23073530
DOI: 10.5507/bp.2012.048 -
Pathology Oncology Research : POR Apr 2020The current controversy about the classification of odontogenic keratocyst reflects the shortage in the understanding of the odontogenic cysts and tumors. The aim of the...
The current controversy about the classification of odontogenic keratocyst reflects the shortage in the understanding of the odontogenic cysts and tumors. The aim of the present study was to investigate p63 immunoexpression and its relation to the proliferation of the epithelial lining in dentigerous cyst (DC), odontogenic keratocyst (OKC), and follicular type of ameloblastoma (AB). The study involved 36 samples, which are DC (n = 12), OKC (n = 9), and AB (n = 15). p63 protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The results on Ki-67 expression were obtained from our previous studies and correlated with p63 expressions. p63 was expressed differently in the studied lesions with various distribution in different study samples. Statistical analysis using Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significant difference in the expression of p63 protein among DC, OKC, and AB (p = 0.048). Subsequently, Mann-Whitney U test revealed the expression of p63 protein was significantly higher in OKC than DC (p = 0.018). Interestingly, Spearman's correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between the expression of p63 and Ki-67 in the odontogenic epithelium of DC (σ = 0.757, P = 0.004) and OKC (σ = 0.741, P = 0.022). While no such a positive correlation was found between the two studied markers in AB group (σ = 0.006, P = 0.983). In conclusion, the present results indicated various expression and correlation of p63 with the proliferation of odontogenic epithelial cells in DC, OKC, and AB. This diversity could reflect a different role and pathways of ΔNp63 in odontogenic tumor than that in odontogenic cyst. These together will help in better understanding the pathogenesis and biological behavior of odontogenic cysts and tumors.
Topics: Ameloblastoma; Cell Proliferation; Dentigerous Cyst; Epithelial Cells; Female; Humans; Jaw Diseases; Jaw Neoplasms; Male; Membrane Proteins; Odontogenic Cysts
PubMed: 31187467
DOI: 10.1007/s12253-019-00680-7 -
Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral Y Cirugia... Jan 2006The Odontogenic Primary Intraosseous Carcinoma (PIOC) are a rare group of malignant tumours with strict clinic and anatomy pathological diagnosis criteria. The different... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
The Odontogenic Primary Intraosseous Carcinoma (PIOC) are a rare group of malignant tumours with strict clinic and anatomy pathological diagnosis criteria. The different classification suggested for these tumours and the small amount of cases described in literature makes it hard to know exactly how many of the cases published until now are real.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
We present three new cases of PIOC originated from a previous cystic lesion that where treated in our Hospital. Two of them in the posterior jaw region where is more frequent, and the third in the upper jaw. We explain the procedure we used in each case and the aesthetic-functional reconstruction used witches are two fibula osteomyocutaneous free flaps and a bone graft of iliac crest and further placing of implants. The classification, the clinical and radiological diagnosis, the treatment and its survival are discussed.
RESULTS
In all three cases we were able to see in the anatomy pathological study an epithelial, exclusively without surrounding oral mucosa affectation or tissues near the lesion as well as the lack of tumorous pathology in other parts of the body. One of the patients died because of premature massive cervical recidiva while the other two patients are currently free form illness, for ten years one of them and fifteen months the other.
CONCLUSIONS
The anatomy pathological study of all of the lesions of cystic characteristics at jaw level is very important because of the risk of coexisting with carcinomatous cells. The treatment of these tumours consists in practising aggressive surgery and, in some cases, radio and/or chemotherapy post intervention.
Topics: Adolescent; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Fatal Outcome; Female; Humans; Jaw Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Odontogenic Cysts; Odontogenic Tumor, Squamous; Oral Surgical Procedures; Precancerous Conditions; Surgical Flaps; Terminology as Topic
PubMed: 16388297
DOI: No ID Found -
Head and Neck Pathology Jun 2009Glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) is an uncommon jaw bone cyst of odontogenic origin described in 1987 by Gardner et al. It is a cyst having an unpredictable and... (Review)
Review
Glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) is an uncommon jaw bone cyst of odontogenic origin described in 1987 by Gardner et al. It is a cyst having an unpredictable and potentially aggressive behaviour. It also has the propensity to grow to a large size and tendency to recur with only 111 cases having been reported thus far. The first case occurred in a 42-year-old female and presented as a localized swelling extending from 19 to 29 regions. There was a history of traumatic injury at the site. There was evidence of bicortical expansion and radiographs revealed a multilocular radiolucency. The second case occurred in a 21-year-old male, as a large swelling in the mandible and radiograph revealed radiolucency in the region. On histopathological examination, these lesions were diagnosed as GOC. It was concluded that, two cases submitted by us correlate with the existing literature that GOC's affect more commonly in the middle age group, having predilection for mandible and that trauma could be a precipitating factor for its occurrence. The increased recurrence rates can be due to its intrinsic biological behavior, multilocularity of the cyst, and incomplete removal of the lining following conservative treatment.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Male; Mandibular Diseases; Odontogenic Cysts; Young Adult
PubMed: 19644539
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-009-0117-2 -
Head and Neck Pathology Dec 2021Dentigerous cysts, also known as follicular cysts, are among the most common developmental cysts of the gnathic bones. The majority of cases are clinically asymptomatic...
Dentigerous cysts, also known as follicular cysts, are among the most common developmental cysts of the gnathic bones. The majority of cases are clinically asymptomatic and discovered incidentally on panographic radiographs during routine dental care. The cyst appears as a radiolucency, classically unilocular, associated with the crown of an unerupted or impacted tooth. Usually diagnosed in the 2nd-3rd decade, third molars of the mandible are the most commonly affected teeth. Histologically, dentigerous cysts demonstrate a fibrous or fibromyxoid connective tissue wall lined by squamous epithelium, classically lacking rete ridges. Inflammation may introduce histologic changes, however. The differential diagnosis includes hyperplastic dental follicle, periapical or radicular cyst, unicystic ameloblastoma, odontogenic keratocyst, and other odontogenic cysts and tumors. While the findings are generally classic and pose no diagnostic dilemma, the diagnosis is best made in the context of the appropriate clinical and radiographic setting. Submitted tissue with a lack of history, to include a detailed relationship with the affected tooth, may result in misdiagnosis and subsequent confusion for the clinician. So, despite its simple features, dentigerous cysts are not uncommonly mischaracterized. Therefore a review of a classic case of dentigerous cyst is presented.
Topics: Dentigerous Cyst; Humans; Male; Mandibular Diseases; Radiography, Panoramic; Young Adult
PubMed: 33881736
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-021-01327-3 -
Head and Neck Pathology Dec 2014As our knowledge of disease improves, its classification continually evolves. The last WHO classification of odontogenic tumors was 9 years ago and it is time for... (Review)
Review
As our knowledge of disease improves, its classification continually evolves. The last WHO classification of odontogenic tumors was 9 years ago and it is time for revision. We offer the following critique as a constructive, thought provoking challenge to those chosen to provide contemporary insight into the next WHO classification of odontogenic cysts, tumors, and allied conditions.
Topics: Humans; Odontogenic Cysts; Odontogenic Tumors; World Health Organization
PubMed: 25409849
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-014-0585-x -
Journal of Cancer Research and... 2017The odontogenic keratocyst is known for its aggressiveness, high recurrence rate, and transformation of keratinized epithelia to nonkeratinized squamous epithelium for...
INTRODUCTION
The odontogenic keratocyst is known for its aggressiveness, high recurrence rate, and transformation of keratinized epithelia to nonkeratinized squamous epithelium for which inflammation has been suggested to be responsible. B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) an anti-apoptotic protein, prolongs the life span of epithelial cells and allows proliferation, differentiation, and morphogenesis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Study was carried out comprising of 90 cases; (30 ameloblastoma, 30 keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT), and 30 radicular cyst). Bcl-2 expression was determined with respect to localization, area (percentage) and intensity of stained cells in epithelium, and connective tissue stroma by counting the endothelial, round, and fusiform cells.
RESULTS
In epithelium bcl-2 expression in KCOTs was higher followed by ameloblastoma and lowest in the radicular cyst. Whereas, in connective tissue stroma bcl-2 expression was higher in KCOT and radicular cyst than ameloblastoma cases. Solid variants showed statistically higher expression as compared to the unicystic variants of ameloblastoma (P = 0.009, 0.033, 0.011, and 0.041).
CONCLUSION
High expression of bcl-2 in KCOT supports the general agreement that some features of KCOT are those of a neoplasia. The bcl-2 expression in connective tissue cells suggests that these cells may also be important as epithelial cells in the biological behavior odontogenic keratocyst.
Topics: Ameloblastoma; Apoptosis; Cell Differentiation; Epithelial Cells; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Leukemia, B-Cell; Lymphoma, B-Cell; Male; Odontogenic Cysts; Odontogenic Tumors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; Radicular Cyst
PubMed: 28862228
DOI: 10.4103/0973-1482.183197