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Scientific Reports Feb 2024Secondary metabolites (SMs) are the primary source of therapeutics and lead chemicals in medicine. They have been especially important in the creation of effective cures...
Secondary metabolites (SMs) are the primary source of therapeutics and lead chemicals in medicine. They have been especially important in the creation of effective cures for conditions such as cancer, malaria, bacterial and fungal infections, neurological and cardiovascular problems, and autoimmune illnesses. In the present study, Aspergillus pseudodeflectus AUMC 15761 was demonstrated to use wheat bran in solid state fermentation (SSF) at optimum conditions (pH 7.0 at 30 °C after 10 days of incubation and using sodium nitrate as a nitrogen source) to produce methyl ferulate and oleic acid with significant antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the crude methanol extract revealed eleven peaks that indicated the most common chemical components. Purification of methyl ferulate and oleic acid was carried out by column chromatography, and both compounds were identified by in-depth spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS. DPPH activity increased as the sample concentration increased. IC values of both compounds obtained were 73.213 ± 11.20 and 104.178 ± 9.53 µM, respectively. Also, the MIC value for methyl ferulate against Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus was 0.31 mg/mL, while the corresponding MIC values for oleic acid were 1.25 mg/mL and 0.62 mg/mL for both bacterial strains, respectively. Molecular modeling calculations were carried out to reveal the binding mode of methyl ferulate and oleic acid within the binding site of the crucial proteins of Staphylococcus aureus. The docking results were found to be well correlated with the experimental data.
Topics: Antioxidants; Oleic Acid; Molecular Docking Simulation; Dietary Fiber; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Aspergillus; Caffeic Acids
PubMed: 38326360
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52045-z -
International Journal of Nanomedicine 2014Therapeutic engineered nanoparticles (NPs), including ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) NPs, may accumulate in the lower digestive tract following...
Therapeutic engineered nanoparticles (NPs), including ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) NPs, may accumulate in the lower digestive tract following ingestion or injection. In order to evaluate the reaction of human colon cells to USPIO NPs, the effects of non-stabilized USPIO NPs (NS-USPIO NPs), oleic-acid-stabilized USPIO NPs (OA-USPIO NPs), and free oleic acid (OA) were compared in human HT29 and CaCo2 colon epithelial cancer cells. First the biophysical characteristics of NS-USPIO NPs and OA-USPIO NPs in water, in cell culture medium supplemented with fetal calf serum, and in cell culture medium preconditioned by HT29 and CaCo₂ cells were determined. Then, stress responses of the cells were evaluated following exposure to NS-USPIO NPs, OA-USPIO NPs, and free OA. No modification of the cytoskeletal actin network was observed. Cell response to stress, including markers of apoptosis and DNA repair, oxidative stress and degradative/autophagic stress, induction of heat shock protein, or lipid metabolism was determined in cells exposed to the two NPs. Induction of an autophagic response was observed in the two cell lines for both NPs but not free OA, while the other stress responses were cell- and NP-specific. The formation of lipid vacuoles/droplets was demonstrated in HT29 and CaCo₂ cells exposed to OA-USPIO NPs but not to NS-USPIO NPs, and to a much lower level in cells exposed to equimolar concentrations of free OA. Therefore, the induction of lipid vacuoles in colon cells exposed to OA utilized as a stabilizer for USPIO NPs is higly amplified compared to free OA, and is not observed in the absence of this lipid in NS-USPIO NPs.
Topics: Apoptosis; Caco-2 Cells; HT29 Cells; Heat-Shock Proteins; Humans; Lipids; Magnetite Nanoparticles; Oleic Acid; Particle Size; Stress, Physiological; Vacuoles
PubMed: 25092978
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S65082 -
Microbiological Research Jan 2021Plants are boon to the mankind due to plenty of metabolites with medicinal values. Though plants have traditionally been used to treat various diseases, their biological...
Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn. and its bioactive metabolite oleic acid impedes methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation by down regulating adhesion genes expression.
Plants are boon to the mankind due to plenty of metabolites with medicinal values. Though plants have traditionally been used to treat various diseases, their biological values are not completely explored yet. Sapindus mukorossi is one such ethnobotanical plant identified for various biological activities. As biofilm formation and biofilm mediated drug resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have raised as serious global issue, search for antibiofilm agents has gained greater importance. Notably, antibiofilm potential of S. mukorossi is still unexplored. The aim of the study is to explore the effect of S. mukorossi methanolic extract (SMME) on MRSA biofilm formation and adhesive molecules production. Significantly, SMME exhibited 82 % of biofilm inhibition at 250 μg/mL without affecting the growth and microscopic analyses evidenced the concentration dependent antibiofilm activity of SMME. In vitro assays exhibited the reduction in slime, cell surface hydrophobicity, autoaggregation, extracellular polysaccharides substance and extracellular DNA synthesis upon SMME treatment. Further, qPCR analysis confirmed the ability of SMME to interfere with the expression of adhesion genes associated with biofilm formation such as icaA, icaD, fnbA, fnbB, clfA, cna, and altA. GC-MS analysis and molecular docking study revealed that oleic acid is responsible for the antibiofilm activity. FT-IR analysis validated the presence of oleic acid in SMME. These results suggest that SMME can be used as a promising therapeutic agent against MRSA biofilm-associated infections.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biofilms; Gene Expression; Genes, Bacterial; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Molecular Docking Simulation; Oleic Acid; Plant Extracts; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sapindus; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Virulence Factors
PubMed: 33010587
DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2020.126601 -
Journal of Oleo Science 2012Petroleum-collecting and dispersing complexes were synthesized on the basis of oleic acid and nitrogen-containing compounds. Surface-active properties (interfacial...
Petroleum-collecting and dispersing complexes were synthesized on the basis of oleic acid and nitrogen-containing compounds. Surface-active properties (interfacial tension) of the obtained complexes were investigated by stalagmometric method. Petroleum-collecting and dispersing properties of the oleic acid complexes in diluted (5% wt. water or alcoholic solution) and undiluted form have been studied in waters of varying salinity (distilled, fresh and sea waters). Some of physico-chemical indices of the prepared compounds such as solubility, acid and amine numbers as well as electrical conductivity have been determined. The ability of oleic acid complex with ethylenediamine as petro-collecting and dispersing agent towards different types of petroleum has been studied. The influence of thickness and "age" of the petroleum slick on collecting and dispersing capacity of this complex has been clarified. Surface properties studied included critical micelle concentration (CMC), maximum surface excess (Γ(max)), and minimum surface area (A(min)). Free energies of micellization (ΔG°(mic)) and adsorption (ΔG°(ads)) were calculated.
Topics: Chemical Phenomena; Nitrogen Compounds; Oleic Acid; Petroleum; Petroleum Pollution; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Surface Tension; Surface-Active Agents; Thermodynamics; Water; Water Pollutants, Chemical
PubMed: 23138251
DOI: 10.5650/jos.61.621 -
Anais Da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 2022The destruction of the pulmonary epithelial barrier in acute respiratory distress syndrome is caused by the damage of the alveolar epithelial cells. Oroxin A is an...
The destruction of the pulmonary epithelial barrier in acute respiratory distress syndrome is caused by the damage of the alveolar epithelial cells. Oroxin A is an effective flavonoid component derived from the medicinal plant Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz. In this study, the oleic acid (OA)-induced A549 cell injury model was established in vitro to explore the protective mechanism of Oroxin A. The experiment was divided into the following groups: control, OA and OA + Oroxin A group. The OA-induced A549 cell injury was dose (time)-dependent and was detected by the CCK-8 assay. The protein and mRNA expression levels associated with pyroptosis are detected by Western blotting and RT-qPCR. After Oroxin A treatment, the levels of IL-1β, IL-18 and LDH released were significantly lower than the OA group. In terms of pyroptosis, Oroxin A can inhibit the expression of pyroptosis-related protein and mRNA. Significantly, the surfactant protein C (SPC) level in the OA + Oroxin A group was significantly higher than that in the OA group. The treatment with Oroxin A alleviates the OA-induced injury in the A549 cells, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of A549 cells pyroptosis and prevention of the degradation of the SPC.
Topics: Humans; A549 Cells; Oleic Acid; Surface-Active Agents
PubMed: 36477822
DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220211400 -
Journal of Dairy Science Nov 2021Freeze drying is one of the most convenient ways to preserve microorganisms, but in the freeze-drying process, strains will inevitably suffer varying degrees of damage...
Freeze drying is one of the most convenient ways to preserve microorganisms, but in the freeze-drying process, strains will inevitably suffer varying degrees of damage under different conditions. The deterioration of cell membrane integrity is one of the main forms of damage. The type and ratio of fatty acids in the cell membrane affect its characteristics. Therefore, it is worth investigating whether certain fatty acids can increase freeze-drying resistance. In this study, we found that adding a low concentration of oleic acid to a cryoprotectant could increase survival rate of strains of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum following freeze drying, and the optimal concentration of oleic acid was determined to be 0.001%. When 0.001% oleic acid was added to phosphate-buffered saline, the freeze-drying survival rate of L. plantarum increased by up to 6.63 times. Adding 0.001% oleic acid to sorbitol, the survival rate of L. plantarum increased by as much as 3.65 times. The 0.001% oleic acid-sucrose cryoprotectant resulted in a freeze-drying survival rate of L. plantarum of about 90%, a 2.26-fold improvement compared with sucrose alone. Although the effect of oleic acid depends on the cryoprotectants used and the strain treated, addition of oleic acid showed significant improvement overall. Further experiments showed that adding a low concentration of oleic acid to the cryoprotectants improved the freeze-drying survival rate of L. plantarum by maintaining cell membrane integrity and lactate dehydrogenase activity. Our findings provide a new strategy for safeguarding bacterial viability in commonly used cryoprotectants by the addition of a common food ingredient, which may be extensively applied in the food industry.
Topics: Animals; Cryoprotective Agents; Freeze Drying; Microbial Viability; Oleic Acid; Sucrose
PubMed: 34419274
DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-20070 -
PloS One 2013In a previous study, we provided evidence for the presence in hypothalamus and Brockmann bodies (BB) of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss of sensing systems responding...
In a previous study, we provided evidence for the presence in hypothalamus and Brockmann bodies (BB) of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss of sensing systems responding to changes in levels of oleic acid (long-chain fatty acid, LCFA) or octanoic acid (medium-chain fatty acid, MCFA). Since those effects could be attributed to an indirect effect, in the present study, we evaluated in vitro if hypothalamus and BB respond to changes in FA in a way similar to that observed in vivo. In a first set of experiments, we evaluated in hypothalamus and BB exposed to increased oleic acic or octanoic acid concentrations changes in parameters related to FA metabolism, FA transport, nuclear receptors and transcription factors, reactive oxygen species (ROS) effectors, components of the KATP channel, and (in hypothalamus) neuropeptides related to food intake. In a second set of experiments, we evaluated in hypothalamus the response of those parameters to oleic acid or octanoic acid in the presence of inhibitors of fatty acid sensing components. The responses observed in vitro in hypothalamus are comparable to those previously observed in vivo and specific inhibitors counteracted in many cases the effects of FA. These results support the capacity of rainbow trout hypothalamus to directly sense changes in MCFA or LCFA levels. In BB increased concentrations of oleic acid or octanoic acid induced changes that in general were comparable to those observed in hypothalamus supporting direct FA sensing in this tissue. However, those changes were not coincident with those observed in vivo allowing us to suggest that the FA sensing capacity of BB previously characterized in vivo is influenced by other neuroendocrine systems.
Topics: Animals; Caprylates; Fatty Acids; Hypothalamus; Oleic Acid; Oncorhynchus mykiss
PubMed: 23533628
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059507 -
Journal of Oleo Science 2013Human studies using deuterium-labeled fatty acids have answered many questions related to the metabolism and health effects of dietary fats. These studies also raised a... (Review)
Review
Human studies using deuterium-labeled fatty acids have answered many questions related to the metabolism and health effects of dietary fats. These studies also raised a number of unanswered questions and unresolved issues. For example, studies with cis and trans positional isomers dispelled concerns and allegations that the isomers in partially hydrogenated fats were poorly absorbed, accumulate in undesirable phospholipid acyl positions, mimic stearic acid and competed with oleic acid. Trans 18:1 isomers were metabolically intermediate between 16:0 and 18:0, so the unanswered question is why are the metabolic properties of trans fatty acids not consistent with their physiological effects? Results from ²H-18:0 studies address questions regarding stearic acid absorption and desaturation. Contrary to accepted dogma, stearic acid was well absorbed and less than 10% was desaturation to oleic acid. The still unanswered question is what is the metabolic basis for why 18:0 is less hypercholesterolemic than other saturated fatty acids? The question of whether humans convert 18:3n-3 to EPA and DHA was investigated by feeding male subjects a mixture of ²H-18:3n-3 and ²H-18:2n-6. The unequivocal answer was that 18:3n-3 is converted to EPA and DHA and the conversions for 18:3n-3 to 20:5n-3 and 18:2n-6 to 20:4n-6 were about equal. A major issue that remains unresolved is the wide variability between studies for the estimated conversion of 18:3n-3 to 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3. The commercial availability of liquid oils hardened by interesterified with 18:0 has raised the question of whether fatty acids in the sn-2 and sn-1,3 TAG positions are metabolically equivalent. To answer this question, subjects were fed triglycerides containing ²H-16:0 and ²H-18:2n-6 at specific sn-1(3) and sn-2 acyl positions. The result was that dietary fatty acids at the sn-1(3) and sn-2 triacylglycerol positions are essentially metabolically equivalent.
Topics: Deuterium; Humans; Hypercholesterolemia; Isotope Labeling; Lipid Metabolism; Oleic Acid; Stearic Acids
PubMed: 23648399
DOI: 10.5650/jos.62.245 -
PeerJ 2023Forkhead box a2 (Foxa2) is proven to be an insulin-sensitive transcriptional regulator and affects hepatic steatosis. This study aims to investigate the mechanism by...
OBJECTIVE
Forkhead box a2 (Foxa2) is proven to be an insulin-sensitive transcriptional regulator and affects hepatic steatosis. This study aims to investigate the mechanism by which Foxa2 affects nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
METHODS
Animal and cellular models of NAFLD were constructed using high-fat diet (HFD) feeding and oleic acid (OA) stimulation, respectively. NAFLD mice received tail vein injections of either an overexpressing negative control (oe-NC) or Foxa2 (oe-Foxa2) for four weeks. HepG2 cells were transfected with oe-NC and oe-Foxa2 for 48 h before OA stimulation. Histological changes and lipid accumulation were assessed using hematoxylin-eosin staining and oil red O staining, respectively. Expression of Foxa2, NF-κB/IKK pathway proteins, lipid synthesis proteins, and fatty acid β-oxidation protein in HFD mice and OA-induced HepG2 cells was detected using western blot.
RESULTS
Foxa2 expression was downregulated in HFD mice and OA-induced HepG2 cells. Foxa2 overexpression attenuated lipid accumulation and liver injury, and reduced the levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total cholesterol, or triglyceride in HFD mice and OA-induced HepG2 cells. Moreover, Foxa2 overexpression decreased the expression of lipid synthesis proteins and increased fatty acid β-oxidation protein expression in the liver tissues. Furthermore, overexpression of Foxa2 downregulated the expression of p-NF-κB/NF-κB and p-IKK/IKK in OA-induced HepG2 cells. Additionally, lipopolysaccharide (NF-κB/IKK pathway activator) administration reversed the downregulation of lipid synthesis proteins and the upregulation of fatty acid β-oxidation protein.
CONCLUSION
Foxa2 expression is downregulated in NAFLD. Foxa2 ameliorated hepatic steatosis and inhibited the activation of the NF-κB/IKK signaling pathway.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; NF-kappa B; Signal Transduction; Oleic Acid; Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3-beta
PubMed: 38084145
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16466 -
Reproductive Sciences (Thousand Oaks,... Nov 2020Obesity is associated with altered fatty acid profiles, reduced fertility, and assisted reproductive technology (ART) success. The effects of palmitic acid (PA), oleic...
Oleic Acid Counters Impaired Blastocyst Development Induced by Palmitic Acid During Mouse Preimplantation Development: Understanding Obesity-Related Declines in Fertility.
Obesity is associated with altered fatty acid profiles, reduced fertility, and assisted reproductive technology (ART) success. The effects of palmitic acid (PA), oleic acid (OA), and their combination on mouse preimplantation development, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway gene expression, lipid droplet formation, and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) were characterized. Two-cell stage mouse embryos collected from superovulated and mated CD1 females were placed into culture with KSOMaa medium, or PA alone or in combination with OA for 46 h. PA significantly reduced blastocyst development in a concentration-dependent manner, which was prevented by co-treatment with OA. PA and OA levels in mouse reproductive tracts were assessed by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS). LC-MS indicated higher concentrations of PA in the mouse oviduct than the uterus. Transcript analysis revealed that PA alone groups had increased ER stress pathway (ATF3, CHOP, and XBP1 splicing) mRNAs, which was alleviated by OA co-treatment. OA co-treatment significantly increased lipid droplet accumulation and significantly decreased mitochondrial ROS from PA treatment alone. PA treatment for only 24 h significantly reduced its impact on blastocyst development from the 2-cell stage. Thus, PA affects ER stress pathway gene expression, lipid droplet accumulation, and mitochondrial ROS in treated preimplantation embryos. These mechanisms may serve to offset free fatty acid exposure effects on preimplantation development, but their protective ability may be overwhelmed by elevated PA.
Topics: Animals; Blastocyst; Embryonic Development; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress; Female; Fertility; Mice; Obesity; Oleic Acid; Oviducts; Palmitic Acid; Reactive Oxygen Species; Uterus
PubMed: 32542540
DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00223-5