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American Journal of Orthodontics and... Sep 2019This aim of this paper is to describe and identify the practitioner and patient characteristics that are associated with treatment recommendations for adult anterior...
The National Dental Practice-Based Research Network Adult Anterior Open Bite Study: Treatment recommendations and their association with patient and practitioner characteristics.
INTRODUCTION
This aim of this paper is to describe and identify the practitioner and patient characteristics that are associated with treatment recommendations for adult anterior open bite patients across the United States.
METHODS
Practitioners and patients were recruited within the framework of the National Dental Practice-Based Research Network. Practitioners were asked about their demographic characteristics and their treatment recommendations for these patients. The practitioners also reported on their patients' dentofacial characteristics and provided initial cephalometric scans and intraoral photographs. Patients were asked about their demographic characteristics, previous orthodontic treatment, and goals for treatment. Four main treatment groups were evaluated: aligners, fixed appliances, temporary anchorage devices (TADs), and orthognathic surgery. Extractions were also investigated. Predictive multivariable models were created comparing various categories of treatment as well as extraction/nonextraction decisions.
RESULTS
Ninety-one practitioners (mostly orthodontists) and 347 patients were recruited from October 2015 to December 2016. Increased aligner recommendations were associated with white and Asian patients, the presence of tongue habits, and female practitioners. TADs were recommended more often in academic settings. Recommendations for orthognathic surgery were associated with demographic factors, such as availability of insurance coverage and practitioner race/ethnicity, and dentofacial characteristics, such as anteroposterior discrepancies, more severe open bites, and steeper mandibular plane angles. Extraction recommendations were largely associated with severe crowding and incisor proclination.
CONCLUSIONS
Both doctor and patient demographic factors, as well as dentofacial characteristics, were significantly associated with treatment recommendations for adult anterior open bite patients.
Topics: Aged; Cephalometry; Female; Humans; Incisor; Male; Mandible; Middle Aged; Open Bite; Orthodontic Appliances; Orthodontics, Corrective; Orthodontists; Orthognathic Surgical Procedures; Practice Patterns, Dentists'; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tooth Movement Techniques; United States
PubMed: 31474261
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2019.05.005 -
The Angle Orthodontist Sep 2018To evaluate the long-term effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and posterior bite block (BB) in prepubertal subjects with dentoskeletal open bite.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the long-term effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and posterior bite block (BB) in prepubertal subjects with dentoskeletal open bite.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The treatment group (TG) comprised 16 subjects (14 girls, 2 boys) with dentoskeletal open bite with a mean age of 8.1 ± 1.1 years treated with RME and BB. Three consecutive lateral cephalograms were available before treatment (T1), at the end of the active treatment with the RME and BB (T2), and at a follow-up observation at least 4 years after the completion of treatment (T3). The TG was compared with a control group (CG) of 16 subjects (14 girls, 2 boys) matched for sex, age, and vertical skeletal pattern. An independent sample t-test was used to compare the T1 to T3, T1 to T2, and T2 to T3 cephalometric changes between the TG and the CG.
RESULTS
In the long term, the TG showed a significantly greater increase in overbite (+1.8 mm), reduced extrusion of maxillary and mandibular molars (-3.3 mm), and, consequently, a significant decrease in facial divergence (-2.8°) when compared with untreated subjects.
CONCLUSIONS
The RME and BB protocol led to successful and stable recovery of positive overbite in 100% of the patients considered. Correction of open bite was associated with reduced extrusion of maxillary and mandibular molars with a significant improvement in vertical skeletal relationships when compared with the CG.
Topics: Case-Control Studies; Cephalometry; Child; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Open Bite; Orthodontic Appliances; Orthodontics, Corrective; Palatal Expansion Technique; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29683334
DOI: 10.2319/102717-728.1 -
The Journal of Forensic... May 2018To determine differences between open bite and normal vertical overbite regarding distribution, size and clinical appearance of palatal rugae, depth and length of the...
PURPOSE
To determine differences between open bite and normal vertical overbite regarding distribution, size and clinical appearance of palatal rugae, depth and length of the palate, intercanine and intermolar widths and arch perimeter.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was performed in 264 superior models were studied with a 3D analysis system. A total of 132 individuals with AOB and 132 individuals with normal vertical overbite were evaluated, chosen from public schools with ages between 8 and 16 years. Palatal anthropometric features were evaluated. Qualitative analysis of palatal rugae was performed, exploring the shape, direction, unification and sensitivity of the palate. The Mann Whitney and Chi Square tests were used for statistical analyses.
RESULTS
The average age was 11.37 ± 2.27 years for normal overbite and 11.87 for anterior open bite, with 54.9% of women. No significant differences were found between subjects with AOB and subjects with normal vertical overbite regarding intermolar or intercanine width. The maxillary length and depth and the height and width of palatal rugae were lower in the AOB group. The most common rugae shapes were curved and wavy, predominating in the horizontal direction with a parallel distribution.
CONCLUSION
Qualitative evaluation demonstrated asymmetry in the shape, direction and unification of rugae in both groups. Most arch measurements were greater in individuals with AOB.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Colombia; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Models, Dental; Open Bite; Overbite; Palate, Hard
PubMed: 29864028
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Orthodontic Science 2024Anterior open bite (AOB) malocclusion is one of the highly challenging malocclusions. Cephalometric radiographs have been used for the diagnosis of occlusal anomalies in...
BACKGROUND
Anterior open bite (AOB) malocclusion is one of the highly challenging malocclusions. Cephalometric radiographs have been used for the diagnosis of occlusal anomalies in the vertical and anteroposterior directions. This study aims to compare skeletal and dental features in open and non-open bite subjects to identify factors that help predict and categorize open bites in a Nigerian population.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Pretreatment cephalometric radiographs of 82 patients were recruited into this study. This study comprised 41 AOB patients and 41 (Class 1 malocclusion) patients (control group). The radiographs were obtained from the orthodontic unit, Department of Child Dental Health of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Idi-Araba Lagos. Cephalometric tracing and analysis of the obtained radiographs were used to identify and compare the skeletal and dental differences between the two groups.
RESULTS
The mean age of the participants was 20.47 ± 8.05 years. The patients consisted of 26 (31.7%) males and 56 (68.3%) females. There was a significant difference in the open bite depth indicator (ODI) of the open bite ( value < 0.001). There was a statistically significant increase in the vertical skeletal parameters - lower facial height (LFH), total facial height (TFH), posterior facial height (PFH), Frankfort-mandibular plane angle (FMA), mandibular-maxillary angle (MMA), and gonial angle in the AOB group compared to the control group. The vertical height of the dentoalveolar segments measured was all significantly increased in the open bite group compared to the control group.
CONCLUSION
The results suggest that the skeletal and dental vertical parameters, including ODI of the open bite subjects, varied compared with the non-open bite subjects in the Nigerian population studied and could be used to predict AOB tendency.
PubMed: 38516112
DOI: 10.4103/jos.jos_56_23 -
Brazilian Dental Journal 2014The aim of the study was to verify the prevalence of anterior open bite (AOB) and posterior cross-bite (PC) in the primary dentition and the association with...
The aim of the study was to verify the prevalence of anterior open bite (AOB) and posterior cross-bite (PC) in the primary dentition and the association with sociodemographic factors, presence and duration of nutritive and non-nutritive habits. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 732 preschoolers in Campina Grande, PB, Brazil. Clinical exams were performed by three calibrated examiners (Kappa: 0.85-0.90). A questionnaire addressing sociodemographic data as well as nutritive and non-nutritive sucking habits was administered to parents/caregivers. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and Poisson regression analysis (α=5%). The prevalence of AOB and PC was 21.0% and 11.6%, respectively. AOB was significantly associated with the three-year-old age group (PR: 1.37; 95%CI: 1.24-1.52), enrollment in public school (PR: 1.09; 95%CI: 1.01-1.17) and duration of pacifier sucking ≥ 36 months (PR: 1.41; 95%CI: 1.30-1.53). PC was associated with pacifier use (PR: 1.11; 95%CI: 1.05-1.17) and duration of breastfeeding <12 months (PR: 1.05; 95%CI: 1.00-1.10). Socioeconomic factors appear not to be related to AOB or PC in the primary dentition, except type of preschool. Breastfeeding should be encouraged for longer periods and the use of pacifier beyond 3 years of age represents a predisposing factor for both types of malocclusion, especially AOB.
Topics: Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Fingersucking; Humans; Male; Malocclusion; Open Bite; Pacifiers; Pilot Projects; Prevalence; Tooth, Deciduous
PubMed: 25250499
DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201300003 -
The Angle Orthodontist Jul 2023An 18.7-year-old female patient with an anterior open bite and an ankylosed left maxillary central incisor was referred from a private orthodontic clinic. Canine...
An 18.7-year-old female patient with an anterior open bite and an ankylosed left maxillary central incisor was referred from a private orthodontic clinic. Canine relationships were Class II and molar relationships were Class I. The open bite was closed with the multiloop edgewise archwire and up-and-down elastics. The maxillary left central incisor was extruded by dentoalveolar distraction assisted with mini-implants. Active treatment took 2 years and 1 month, and the treatment result remained stable 14 months after debonding.
Topics: Female; Humans; Open Bite; Incisor; Tooth Movement Techniques; Orthodontic Wires; Treatment Outcome; Cephalometry
PubMed: 36856738
DOI: 10.2319/070122-472.1 -
Progress in Orthodontics Apr 2022To produce a guide for dentists and orthodontists to determine orthodontic treatment need in borderline cases (dental health component DHC 3) and to compare views of... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
OBJECTIVE
To produce a guide for dentists and orthodontists to determine orthodontic treatment need in borderline cases (dental health component DHC 3) and to compare views of different panels of judges on treatment need.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Prospective, observational study. Photographs of one hundred subjects displaying borderline occlusal traits (DHC3) were collected. Three panels of judges consisting of 25 orthodontists, 25 dentists and 25 lay persons assessed photographs based on orthodontic treatment need on aesthetic grounds.
RESULTS
Spearman's correlation coefficient showed no statistical difference between the panels of judges (p < 0.001). The judges identified a 'high need' for treatment on aesthetic grounds for those with anterior open bites and reverse overjets. Kappa analysis showed moderate intra-rater agreement for the orthodontic and dental panels of judges (k = 0.47 and 0.45, respectively) and fair agreement (k = 0.26) for the lay panel, highlighting the intrinsic difficulty of assessing borderline malocclusions.
CONCLUSION
There was no statistical difference in the way the orthodontic, dental and lay panels of judges perceived treatment need for DHC 3 cases. Anterior open bites and reverse overjets were predominantly found to be in high need of treatment by all panels of judges. A 'Guide to Borderline Orthodontic Need' (GBON) is proposed consisting of 8 photographs of subjects with borderline occlusal traits (DHC3) determined unambiguously by lay, dental and orthodontic panels as either 'needing' or 'not needing' orthodontic treatment on aesthetic grounds. It is anticipated that this will assist users to make judgments on aesthetic grounds on the need for treatment in borderline cases.
Topics: Esthetics, Dental; Humans; Malocclusion; Open Bite; Orthodontics, Corrective; Overbite; Prospective Studies
PubMed: 35434773
DOI: 10.1186/s40510-022-00407-6 -
The Angle Orthodontist Jan 2020A 29-year-old female patient with unilateral condylar hyperplasia (UCH) of the left side presented with facial asymmetry, maxillary transverse occlusal plane (MXTOP)...
A 29-year-old female patient with unilateral condylar hyperplasia (UCH) of the left side presented with facial asymmetry, maxillary transverse occlusal plane (MXTOP) cant, posterior open bite, and Class III relationship. Treatment consisted of proportional condylectomy of the left condyle for management of UCH, and fixed orthodontic treatment with intrusion of the left maxillary molars to correct the MXTOP cant and remaining chin point deviation (CPD). Proportional condylectomy with a 14-mm resection of the left condylar head improved the CPD from 11.5 mm to 7.8 mm and resolved the posterior open bite on the left side. However, it produced a Class II relationship on the right and left sides, posterior open bite on the right side, and anterior open bite. Fixed orthodontic treatment with 1.8-mm intrusion of the left maxillary molars using miniscrews corrected the MXTOP cant from 3.5 mm to 1.7 mm, reduced the remaining CPD from 7.8 mm to 3.7 mm, produced counterclockwise rotation of the mandible, and resolved the posterior open bite on the right side and the anterior open bite. After 16 months of total treatment, normal overbite/overjet and Class I relationship were obtained. Treatment results were well maintained after 5 years of retention. For the correction of UCH, it is important to determine the amount of condylar head resection and accurately simulate the correction of CPD and MXTOP cant through intrusion of the maxillary molars.
Topics: Adult; Cephalometry; Facial Asymmetry; Female; Humans; Hyperplasia; Malocclusion, Angle Class II; Open Bite; Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures; Tooth Movement Techniques
PubMed: 30741578
DOI: 10.2319/080818-585.1 -
Progress in Orthodontics Dec 2017This study cephalometrically evaluated the posterior teeth angulation changes of anterior open-bite non-extraction and extraction treatment in the permanent dentition,... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGOUND
This study cephalometrically evaluated the posterior teeth angulation changes of anterior open-bite non-extraction and extraction treatment in the permanent dentition, with anterior vertical elastics.
METHODS
The sample consisted of initial and final lateral headfilms of 60 patients divided into 2 groups: Group 1 consisted of 30 patients treated with non-extraction with an initial mean age of 15.26 years and treated with fixed appliances for a mean period of 2.46 years. Group 2 consisted of 30 patients treated with extractions, with an initial mean age of 14.03 years, and treated with fixed appliances for a mean period of 2.49 years. Within-group treatment changes were evaluated with paired t tests. Results were considered statistically significant at P < 0.05.
RESULTS
The mandibular posterior teeth were significantly uprighted in both groups with both treatment protocols.
CONCLUSIONS
Correction of anterior open bite with either non-extraction or extractions with continuous archwires and vertical anterior elastics uprights the mandibular posterior teeth.
Topics: Adolescent; Cephalometry; Humans; Male; Malocclusion; Open Bite; Orthodontic Appliances; Tooth Extraction; Tooth Movement Techniques
PubMed: 28503725
DOI: 10.1186/s40510-017-0167-z -
FACE (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) Jun 2022Articulation problems are seen in 80-90% of dentofacial deformity (DFD) subjects compared with 5% of the general population, impacting communication and quality of life,...
INTRODUCTION
Articulation problems are seen in 80-90% of dentofacial deformity (DFD) subjects compared with 5% of the general population, impacting communication and quality of life, but the causal link is unclear. We hypothesize there are both qualitative (perceptual) and quantitative (spectral) differences in properties of stop (/t/ or /k/), fricative (/s/ or /∫/), and affricate (/t∫/) consonant sounds and that severity of anterior open bite (AOB) jaw disharmonies correlates with degree of speech abnormality.
METHODS
To test our hypotheses, surgical orthodontic records and audio recordings were collected from DFD patients (n=39 AOB, 62 controls). A speech pathologist evaluated subjects and recordings were analyzed using spectral moment analysis (SMA) to measure sound frequency distortions.
RESULTS
Perceptually, there is a higher prevalence of auditory and visual speech distortions in AOB DFD patients when compared to controls. Quantitatively, a significant (p<0.01) increase in the centroid frequency (M1) was seen in the /k/, /t/, /t∫/, and /s/ sounds of AOB subjects compared to the controls. Using linear regression, correlations between AOB skeletal severity and spectral distortion were found for /k/ and /t/ sounds.
CONCLUSIONS
A higher prevalence of qualitative distortion and significant quantitative spectral distortions in consonant sounds were seen in AOB patients compared to controls. Additionally, severity of skeletal AOB is correlated with degree of distortion for consonant sounds. These findings provide insight into how the surgical and/or orthodontic treatment of AOB may impact speech.
PubMed: 35903399
DOI: 10.1177/27325016221082229