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Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 2014Due to the lack of studies that distinguish between dentoalveolar and basal changes caused by the Thurow appliance, this clinical study, carried out by the School of... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
INTRODUCTION
Due to the lack of studies that distinguish between dentoalveolar and basal changes caused by the Thurow appliance, this clinical study, carried out by the School of Dentistry--State University of São Paulo/Araraquara, aimed at assessing the dental and skeletal changes induced by modified Thurow appliance.
METHODS
The sample included an experimental group comprising 13 subjects aged between 7 and 10 years old, with Class II malocclusion and anterior open bite, and a control group comprising 22 subjects similar in age, sex and mandibular plane angle. Maxillary/mandibular, horizontal/vertical, dental/skeletal movements (ANS, PNS, U1, U6, Co, Go, Pog, L1, L6) were assessed, based on 14 landmarks, 8 angles (S-N-ANS, SNA, PPA, S-N-Pog, SNB, MPA, PP/MPA, ANB) and 3 linear measures (N-Me, ANS-Me, S-Go).
RESULTS
Treatment caused significantly greater angle decrease between the palatal and the mandibular plane on the experimental group, primarily due to an increase in the palatal plane angle. ANB, SNA and S-N-ANS angles significantly decreased more in patients from the experimental group. PNS was superiorly remodeled. Lower face height (ANS-Me) decreased in the experimental group and increased in the control group.
CONCLUSIONS
The modified Thurow appliance controlled vertical and horizontal displacements of the maxilla, rotated the maxilla and improved open bite malocclusion, decreasing lower facial height.
Topics: Alveolar Process; Anatomic Landmarks; Case-Control Studies; Cephalometry; Child; Chin; Extraoral Traction Appliances; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Incisor; Male; Malocclusion, Angle Class II; Mandible; Mandibular Condyle; Maxilla; Molar; Nasal Bone; Open Bite; Orthodontic Appliance Design; Palatal Expansion Technique; Palate; Retrospective Studies; Rotation; Sella Turcica; Tooth Movement Techniques; Vertical Dimension
PubMed: 24713556
DOI: 10.1590/2176-9451.19.1.019-025.oar -
The Journal of Clinical Pediatric... May 2022Genetic polymorphisms could explain the inter-individual differences in the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children with anterior open bite (AOB).
UNLABELLED
Genetic polymorphisms could explain the inter-individual differences in the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children with anterior open bite (AOB).
OBJECTIVE
To assess the impact of AOB on OHRQoL in children and to evaluate whether MTR (rs1805087), MTRR (rs1801394), TGFβ1 (rs1800469) and TNF-α (rs1799964, rs1799724 and rs1800629) genes are potential biomarkers for OHRQoL in children with AOB.
STUDY DESIGN
A cross-sectional study was performed with 173 children aged between 2-6 years. The Brazilian version of Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) was applied. Genetic polymorphisms were analyzed using real-time PCR. Mann-Whitney U-test and Chi-square were used.
RESULTS
The overall mean ECOHIS scores were 5.49 (SD= 5.72) and 3.45 (SD = 4.49) (p < 0.01) in the AOB and control groups, respectively. Children with the CC genotype of TNF-α (rs1799724) had a significantly higher psychological QoL level. The MTRR AA genotype group showed a lower QoL level in the child subscale (p = 0.006), function (p = 0.017), and psychological (p = 0.006) domains. There was no significant difference between OHRQoL and the genetic polymorphisms in MTR and TGFβ1.
CONCLUSIONS
Genetic polymorphisms in TNF-α and MTRR are associated with the impact on the OHRQoL in children with AOB.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Ferredoxin-NADP Reductase; Humans; Open Bite; Oral Health; Polymorphism, Genetic; Quality of Life; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 35830630
DOI: 10.17796/1053-4625-46.3.12 -
World Journal of Clinical Cases May 2023Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders are closely related to high-angle and skeletal Class II malocclusion. Sometimes pathological changes in the mandibular condyle...
BACKGROUND
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders are closely related to high-angle and skeletal Class II malocclusion. Sometimes pathological changes in the mandibular condyle can cause open bite to occur after growth is complete.
CASE SUMMARY
This article is about the treatment of an adult male patient with a severe hyperdivergent skeletal Class II base, an unusual and gradually occurring open bite and an abnormal mandibular condyle anterior displacement. Because the patient refused surgery, four second molars with cavities and root canal therapy were extracted, and four mini-screws were used for intrusion of the posterior teeth. The treatment duration was 22 mo, and after the treatment, the open bite was corrected and the displaced mandibular condyles were seated back to the articular fossa as shown by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Based on the patient's open bite history, the result of clinical examinations and CBCT comparisons, we believe it is possible that the occlusion interference was eliminated after the four second molars were extracted and the posterior teeth were intruded, and the patient's condyle spontaneously returned to its physiologic position. Finally, a normal overbite was established, and stable occlusion was achieved.
CONCLUSION
This case report suggested that identifying the cause of open bite is essential, and the TMJ factors for hyperdivergent skeletal Class II cases should be particularly examined. For these cases, intruding posterior teeth may place the condyle in a more appropriate position and provide an environment suitable for TMJ recovery.
PubMed: 37383903
DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i15.3599 -
Cureus Dec 2022Objective The aim of the study was to evaluate skeletal, dentoalveolar, and soft tissue changes following early anterior open bite (AOB) treatment using a rapid molar...
Evaluation of Soft and Hard Tissue Changes Following the Use of Rapid Molar Intruder for the Management of Skeletal Anterior Open Bite in Mixed Dentition: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Objective The aim of the study was to evaluate skeletal, dentoalveolar, and soft tissue changes following early anterior open bite (AOB) treatment using a rapid molar intruder (RMI). Materials and methods A two-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial was conducted on 40 patients aged 8-12 years with anterior open bites. They were randomly allocated to the RMI group and the untreated control group (UCG) with a 1:1 allocation ratio. At the beginning of the treatment (T1) and after nine months of treatment (T2), lateral cephalometric images were taken of each patient. The primary outcome measures were skeletal, dentoalveolar, and soft tissue changes. A two-sample t-test was used in the intergroup comparisons of the cephalometric measurement. Results The findings showed that the overbite increased significantly in the RMI group compared to the control group (= 4.44 mm, = 0.19 mm, respectively; p<0.001). A statistically significant intrusion of the upper and lower first molars was observed in the RMI group (= 2.9 mm, = 1.54 mm, respectively) compared to a slight extrusion in the control group. The differences between the two groups were significant (p<0.001). The SN: GoMe angle and the sum of Bjork decreased significantly in the RMI group compared to an increase observed in the control group. The differences between the two groups were significant (p<0.001). Conclusion The rapid molar intruder is an effective appliance for correcting anterior open bites in mixed dentition, inducing favorable skeletal, dentoalveolar, and soft tissue changes.
PubMed: 36570108
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32826 -
The Angle Orthodontist Jul 2022To evaluate the relationship between dental malocclusion and speech to understand the etiology of speech sound disorders (SSD) in schoolchildren and to make a correct...
OBJECTIVES
To evaluate the relationship between dental malocclusion and speech to understand the etiology of speech sound disorders (SSD) in schoolchildren and to make a correct diagnosis and treatment plan.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Articulation and dental occlusion, oromyofunctional evaluation with orofacial praxis and musculature, resting tongue position, and swallowing pattern were analyzed in 290 schoolchildren between the ages of 4 and 7 years. Statistical tests were considered significant for P < .05.
RESULTS
A significant association between dental malocclusions (Angle Class II and III, anterior open bite, edge-to-edge bite, overjet and anterior crossbite) and phonetic alterations (P = .008) was observed. Sigmatisms and rhotacisms were the most frequent disorders. Malocclusions also showed a significant association with oral habits and with orofacial praxis and muscle activity.
CONCLUSIONS
The presence of malocclusion can cause imbalances in the functions involved in the stomatognathic system. Awareness of this relationship in young children would help professionals to implement preventive measures for the optimum development of children's oral health.
Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Malocclusion; Malocclusion, Angle Class II; Open Bite; Overbite; Prevalence; Tongue Habits
PubMed: 35275982
DOI: 10.2319/043021-342.1 -
Korean Journal of Orthodontics Mar 2022To evaluate clinical parameters and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) cytokines in children with anterior open bite receiving passive orthodontic treatment with spurs.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate clinical parameters and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) cytokines in children with anterior open bite receiving passive orthodontic treatment with spurs.
METHODS
Twenty children with indications for interceptive orthodontic treatment, an anterior open bite, and good oral hygiene and periodontal health were included in this study. GCF samples were collected from the mandibular and maxillary central incisors before (baseline) and 24 hours and 7 days after spur bonding. Clinical and periodontal examinations and cytokine analyses were performed.
RESULTS
At 7 days after spur attachment, gingival bleeding in the mandibular group was increased relative to that in the maxillary group. Visible plaque was correlated with gingival bleeding at 7 days and the GCF volume at 24 hours after spur attachment. Compared with those at baseline, interleukin (IL)-8 levels in the maxillary group and IL-1β levels in both tooth groups increased at both 24 hours and 7 days and at 7 days, respectively. At 24 hours, IL-8, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels were higher in the maxillary group than in the mandibular group. Cytokine production was positively correlated with increased GCF volume, but not with gingival bleeding, visible plaque, or probing depth.
CONCLUSIONS
Although orthodontic treatment with spurs in children resulted in increased gingival bleeding around the mandibular incisors, IL levels were higher around the maxillary incisors and not correlated with periodontal parameters. Increased cytokine levels in GCF may be associated with the initial tooth movement during open bite correction with a passive orthodontic appliance in children.
PubMed: 35321953
DOI: 10.4041/kjod.2022.52.2.142 -
Progress in Orthodontics Oct 2013The aim of this study was to compare electromyographic data of two groups of patients (open and deep skeletal bite) before and after surgical orthodontic treatment. (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to compare electromyographic data of two groups of patients (open and deep skeletal bite) before and after surgical orthodontic treatment.
METHODS
All patients who underwent orthognathic surgery at the Department of Orthodontics (University of Milan) were subjected to periodic electromyographic evaluation of the masticatory muscles (masseter and anterior temporal muscles) and to electrokinesiographic evaluation of mandibular movements. The sample comprised 72 patients (35 open skeletal bite patients and 37 deep skeletal bite patients) at the end of craniofacial growth. The electromyographic instruments used in the study included a Freely and a K6-I electromyograph. Statistical evaluation was carried out with Student's t tests for independent samples.
RESULTS
Lots of differences between open and deep skeletal bite patients have been underlined by the analysis of the electromyographic data obtained. These results have been obtained with both electromyographic systems. Muscular activity in microvolts is higher in deep skeletal bite patients at the beginning of the treatment than in open bite ones, but during the following phases of the treatment, the two values became similar.
CONCLUSIONS
Morphologic differences between open and deep bite patients can also be demonstrated by instrumental examinations, and their correction after surgical treatment is observable on electromyographic and electrognatographic exams.
Topics: Electrodiagnosis; Electromyography; Female; Humans; Isometric Contraction; Kinesiology, Applied; Male; Mandible; Masseter Muscle; Neuromuscular Junction; Open Bite; Orthognathic Surgical Procedures; Overbite; Range of Motion, Articular; Temporal Muscle
PubMed: 24325989
DOI: 10.1186/2196-1042-14-41 -
The Journal of International Medical... Jun 2018Objective A minor alteration in the posterior occlusal height elicits a large transformation in the anterior vertical dimension. Thus, the present study was performed to... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
Objective A minor alteration in the posterior occlusal height elicits a large transformation in the anterior vertical dimension. Thus, the present study was performed to determine whether a posterior cusp-to-cusp relation that increases the posterior vertical dimension contributes to an anterior open bite. Methods Study casts were examined from orthodontic patients aged 10 to 27 years, 21 with an open bite and 28 with a scissor deep bite. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the contribution of various factors to these two anterior occlusal patterns. The dental arch width and number of worn cusps were compared between the two groups. Results Patients with an open bite had a significantly higher incidence of a posterior buccal-lingual cusp-to-cusp relation, wider mandibular arch in the molar region, and larger numbers of worn maxillary buccal cusps and mandibular lingual cusps than patients with a scissor deep bite. Conclusions A posterior buccal-lingual cusp-to-cusp relation is associated with a larger anterior vertical dimension, such as that in patients with an open bite.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Dental Occlusion; Female; Humans; Male; Malocclusion; Open Bite; Overbite; Tooth; Vertical Dimension; Young Adult
PubMed: 29595354
DOI: 10.1177/0300060518762987 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine May 2024We investigated treatment outcomes and post-treatment stability in 10 patients with an anterior open bite and nonsurgical orthodontics. The patients underwent...
We investigated treatment outcomes and post-treatment stability in 10 patients with an anterior open bite and nonsurgical orthodontics. The patients underwent maxillary molar intrusion using temporary anchorage devices (TADs) to deepen the overbite due to mandibular autorotation. Lateral cephalograms and dental cast models were obtained before treatment (T0), immediately after it (T1), and >1 year after it (T2). Skeletal and dental cephalometric changes and three-dimensional movements of the maxillary dentitions were evaluated. At T0, cephalometric analysis indicated that patients had skeletal class I with tendencies for a class II jaw relationship and a skeletal open bite. During active treatment (T0 to T1), the maxillary first molar intruded by 1.6 mm, the mandibular first molar extruded by 0.3 mm, the Frankfort-mandibular plane angle decreased by 1.1°, and the overbite increased by 4.1 mm. Statistically significant changes were observed in the amount of vertical movement of the maxillary first molar, Frankfort-mandibular plane angle, and overbite. Three-dimensional (3D) dental cast analysis revealed that the maxillary first and second molars intruded, whereas the anterior teeth extruded, with the second premolar as an infection point. In addition, the maxillary molar was tipped distally by 2.9° and rotated distally by 0.91°. Statistically significant changes were observed in the amount of vertical movement of the central incisor, lateral incisor, canine and first molar, and molar angulation. From T1 to T2, no significant changes in cephalometric measurements or the 3D position of the maxillary dentition were observed. The maxillary and mandibular dentitions did not significantly change during post-treatment follow-up. Maxillary molar intrusion using mini-screws is an effective treatment for open bite correction, with the achieved occlusion demonstrating 3D stability at least 1 year after treatment.
PubMed: 38792293
DOI: 10.3390/jcm13102753 -
Progress in Orthodontics Jul 2022Emoji are pictograms frequently used in social networks capable of expressing emotions. These tools can provide insights into people's behavior that could not be...
BACKGROUND
Emoji are pictograms frequently used in social networks capable of expressing emotions. These tools can provide insights into people's behavior that could not be obtained with the use of textual communication. Recently, emoji have been introduced to various research fields as successful alternatives to word-based questionnaires for measure emotional responses. The objective of this study was to preliminarily evaluate the discriminating ability and relationship of these tools with different occlusal conditions/malocclusions.
METHODS
Online surveys were applied to adult individuals (n = 201; mean age = 27.4 ± 5.7; 37.3% males, 62.7% females). Subjects issued acceptance scores (10-point scale) and expressed their emotional status using a 30-emoji list in relation to nine occlusal conditions: C1-crowding, C2-anterior open bite, C3-interincisal diastema, C4-increased overjet + deep bite (Class II div. 1), C5-anterior crossbite (Class III), C6-ideal occlusion, C7-unilateral posterior crossbite, C8-anterior open bite plus bilateral posterior crossbite plus crowding, and C9-deep bite (Class II div. 2). Cochran's Q and McNemar tests were used to compare the frequencies of choice of emoji between conditions. Correspondence analyses were applied to assess the association between occlusal conditions and emoji. Kendall's correlation coefficient was calculated to evaluate the relationship between mean acceptance scores and frequency counts of each emoji.
RESULTS
The frequency of choice between conditions showed a significant difference for 25 of the 30 emoji (P < 0.05), indicating an adequate discriminating ability of these tools. Emoji were grouped predominantly based on their emotional valence (positive/negative) and arousal/activation (high/low). Positive emoji were associated with the most accepted conditions (i.e., C6, C3), while negative emoji with the most rejected ones (i.e., C8, C1, C2). Although only weak, positive correlations between acceptance and positively valenced emoji, and negative correlations between acceptance and negatively valenced emoji were observed (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
Emoji have an adequate discriminatory ability and would allow determining emotional profiles in the face of different occlusal conditions. Further research is necessary to consolidate the use of these tools in an instrument that allows measuring emotional responses.
Topics: Adult; Emotions; Female; Humans; Male; Malocclusion; Malocclusion, Angle Class II; Open Bite; Overbite; Young Adult
PubMed: 35844016
DOI: 10.1186/s40510-022-00418-3