-
Journal of Public Health Dentistry 2009This analysis describes the dental self-care behaviors used by a multiethnic sample of older adults and delineates the associations of self-care behaviors with personal...
OBJECTIVES
This analysis describes the dental self-care behaviors used by a multiethnic sample of older adults and delineates the associations of self-care behaviors with personal characteristics and oral health problems.
METHODS
A cross-sectional comprehensive oral health survey conducted with a random, multiethnic (African-American, American Indian, white) sample of 635 community-dwelling rural adults aged 60 years and older was completed in two rural southern counties.
RESULTS
Rural older adults engage in a variety of self-care behaviors, including the use of over-the-counter (OTC) medicine (12.1 percent), OTC dental products (84.0 percent), salt (50.9 percent), prayer (6.1 percent), and complementary therapies (18.2 percent). Some gender and ethnic class differences are apparent, with greater use by women of OTC medicine and salt and greater use by African-Americans and American Indians of OTC medicine and OTC dental products. The use of dental self-care behaviors appears to be driven by need. Those reporting oral pain, bleeding gums, and dry mouth have greater odds of engaging in most of the dental self-care behaviors, including the use of complementary therapies.
CONCLUSIONS
The major factor leading to the use of self-care behaviors is need. Although oral pain does increase the use of self-care behaviors, so do bleeding gums and dry mouth. Research and practice should address self-care behaviors used for oral health problems in addition to pain. Investigators should expand analysis of dental self-care behavior and the relationship of self-care behavior to the use of professional services. Further research also should explore the use of complementary therapies in dental self-care.
Topics: Aged; Complementary Therapies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dental Care for Aged; Dental Devices, Home Care; Ethnicity; Female; Gingival Hemorrhage; Health Behavior; Humans; Independent Living; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Nonprescription Drugs; North Carolina; Oral Health; Oral Hygiene; Rural Population; Self Care; Social Class; Toothache; Xerostomia
PubMed: 19486460
DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-7325.2009.00121.x -
British Dental Journal Feb 2021Objective To compare the clinical effectiveness and cost benefit of different frequencies of scale and polish (S&P) treatments in combination with different types of... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Objective To compare the clinical effectiveness and cost benefit of different frequencies of scale and polish (S&P) treatments in combination with different types of oral hygiene advice (OHA).Design Multi-centre, multi-level cluster randomised factorial open trial with blinded outcome evaluation. UK dental practices were cluster randomised to deliver OHA as usual or personalised. In a separate randomisation, patients were allocated to receive S&P 6-monthly, 12-monthly or never.Setting UK primary dental care.Participants Practices providing NHS care and adults who had received regular dental check-ups.Main outcome measures The percent of sites with bleeding on probing, patient confidence in self-care, incremental net benefits (INB) over three years.Results Sixty-three practices and 1,877 adult patients were randomised and 1,327 analysed (clinical outcome). There was no statistically significant or clinically important difference in gingival bleeding between the three S&P groups (for example, six-monthly versus none: difference 0.87% sites, 95% CI: 1.6 to 3.3, p = 0.48) or between personalised or usual OHA groups (difference -2.5% sites, -95%CI: -8.3 to 3.3, p = 0.39), or oral hygiene self-efficacy (cognitive impact) between either group (for example, six-monthly versus none: difference -0.028, 95% CI -0.119 to 0.063, p = 0.543). The general population place a high value on, and are willing to pay for, S&P services. However, from a dental health perspective, none of the interventions were cost-effective.Conclusion Results suggest S&P treatments and delivering brief personalised OHA provide no clinical benefit and are therefore an inefficient approach to improving dental health (38% of sites were bleeding whatever intervention was received). However, the general population value both interventions.
Topics: Adult; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Gingival Hemorrhage; Humans; Oral Hygiene; Periodontal Diseases; Poland; Self Efficacy
PubMed: 33637926
DOI: 10.1038/s41415-021-2662-3 -
Effect of chewing a mixture of areca nut and tobacco on periodontal tissues and oral hygiene status.Journal of Oral Science Mar 2008The present study was conducted to clarify the effects of chewing a quid containing areca nut and tobacco on periodontal tissue and oral hygiene status. A total of 365... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The present study was conducted to clarify the effects of chewing a quid containing areca nut and tobacco on periodontal tissue and oral hygiene status. A total of 365 subjects (168 chewers and 197 non-chewers with a mean age of 32.5 +/- 0.7 and 30.4 +/- 0.8 years, respectively) were enrolled. Clinical data on periodontal tissues, oral hygiene status, as well as information on bleeding from gums, ulcers in the oral cavity, or a burning sensation in the soft tissues, were collected as indicators of the possible presence and extent of periodontal lesions. The results indicated that a significantly higher number of quid-chewers suffered bleeding from the gums, halitosis, difficulty in opening the mouth and swallowing solid food, a burning sensation in the soft tissues, and ulcers in the oral cavity than non-chewers. There was no significant difference between quid-chewers and non-chewers with respect to oral hygiene measures adopted. However, clinical examination using the oral hygiene index score indicated that the oral hygiene status of quid-chewers was significantly deteriorated. The effect of quid-chewing on the periodontium, i.e. the occurrence of periodontal pockets, gingival lesions and gum recession, were significantly higher in quid-chewers than in non-chewers. Age, sex and smoking adjusted odds ratios for quid-chewers against non-chewers using logistic regression analysis indicated that, in general, chewers were at significantly higher risk for various oral complaints and periodontium status. The present data indicate that chewing quid comprising areca nut and tobacco has adverse effects on periodontal tissues, oral hygiene and incidence of oral lesions.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Areca; Burning Mouth Syndrome; Cross-Sectional Studies; Deglutition Disorders; Female; Gingival Diseases; Gingival Hemorrhage; Gingival Recession; Halitosis; Humans; Male; Mouth Diseases; Oral Hygiene; Oral Hygiene Index; Oral Ulcer; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontal Pocket; Sex Factors; Smoking; Tobacco, Smokeless
PubMed: 18403885
DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.50.57 -
BMC Oral Health Jul 2023This study sought to determine the prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity (DH) among adults in Turkey. Also, to ascertain the association between DH and both etiological...
AIM
This study sought to determine the prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity (DH) among adults in Turkey. Also, to ascertain the association between DH and both etiological predictors and demographic patient characteristics.
MATERIAL METHOD
Using a questionnaire and thermal and evaporative tests, 259 women and 209 men in the age range of 18 to 72 were analyzed. Individually, a clinical evaluation of DH signs was conducted. The DMFT index, gingival index, and gingival bleeding were reported for each subject. The gingival recession and tooth wear of sensitive teeth were also evaluated. Pearson Chi-square test was used to compare categorical data. Logistic Regression Analysis was used to examine the risk factors of DH. Data with dependent categorical variables were compared using the McNemar-Browker test. The significance level was p < 0.05.
RESULTS
The average age of the population was 35.6 years. In the present study, a total of 12,048 teeth were analyzed. 1755 had thermal hypersensitivity (14.57%), while 470 experienced evaporative hypersensitivity (3.9%). The incisors were the teeth most impacted by DH, whereas the molars were the least affected. Exposure to cold air and sweet foods, gingival recession, and the presence of noncarious cervical lesions were all strongly linked to DH (Logistic regression analysis, p < 0.05). The cold stimulus increases sensitivity more than the evaporation stimulus.
CONCLUSION
Significant risk factors for both thermal and evaporative DH include cold air, consumption of sweet food, presence of noncarious cervical lesions, and gingival recession. More epidemiological research in this area is still required to fully characterize the risk factors and implement the most effective preventive interventions.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Male; Dentin Sensitivity; Gingival Hemorrhage; Gingival Recession; Prevalence; Turkey; Adolescent; Young Adult; Middle Aged; Aged
PubMed: 37434150
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03137-1 -
Journal (Canadian Dental Association) Feb 2007Oral care providers must be aware of the impact of bleeding disorders on the management of dental patients. Initial recognition of a bleeding disorder, which may... (Review)
Review
Oral care providers must be aware of the impact of bleeding disorders on the management of dental patients. Initial recognition of a bleeding disorder, which may indicate the presence of a systemic pathologic process, may occur in dental practice. Furthermore, prophylactic, restorative and surgical dental care of patients with bleeding disorders is best accomplished by practitioners who are knowledgeable about the pathology, complications and treatment options associated with these conditions. The purpose of this paper is to review common bleeding disorders and their effects on the delivery of oral health care.
Topics: Anesthesia, Dental; Blood Coagulation Disorders; Dental Care for Chronically Ill; Drug Interactions; Hemostatics; Humans; Oral Hemorrhage; Oral Surgical Procedures; Postoperative Hemorrhage
PubMed: 17295950
DOI: No ID Found -
Scientific Reports Aug 2023This network meta-analysis was done to thoroughly evaluate the available literature on the use of different hemostatic agents for dental extraction in patients under... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
This network meta-analysis was done to thoroughly evaluate the available literature on the use of different hemostatic agents for dental extraction in patients under oral antithrombotic therapy, aiming to identify the agent with the best/worst performance in bleeding control. Considering that such patients have a higher risk of bleeding, choosing the right hemostatic is essential. Twenty-three randomized clinical trials articles were included after completing the literature search. Cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive showed a reduction in the odds of postoperative bleeding events compared with conventional methods (i.e., gauze/cotton pressure, sutures), with a tendency toward a statistical significance (OR 0.03, P = 0.051). Tranexamic acid was the only agent that demonstrated a significantly lower risk of developing postoperative bleeding events (OR 0.27, P = 0.007). Interestingly, chitosan dental dressing and collagen plug had the shortest time to reach hemostasis. However, they ranked last among all hemostatic agents, regarding bleeding events, revealing higher odds than conventional measures. Therefore, it is concluded that the use of cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive and tranexamic acid gives favorable results in reducing postoperative bleeding events following dental extractions. Although chitosan dental dressing and collagen exhibited a faster time to reach hemostasis, they led to a higher occurrence of bleeding events.
Topics: Humans; Tranexamic Acid; Fibrinolytic Agents; Chitosan; Tissue Adhesives; Network Meta-Analysis; Oral Hemorrhage; Tooth Extraction; Hemostatics; Postoperative Hemorrhage; Collagen; Cyanoacrylates
PubMed: 37532770
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39023-7 -
Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine :... Mar 2013The objectives of this study were to determine (i) the expression of oral secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) in HIV-infected subjects compared with non-HIV... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
The objectives of this study were to determine (i) the expression of oral secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) in HIV-infected subjects compared with non-HIV controls, (ii) the oral SLPI expression in HIV-infected subjects with antiretroviral therapy (ART) compared with those without ART, and (iii) factors associated with the expression of oral SLPI.
METHODS
Oral tissues and samples of both un-stimulated and stimulated saliva were collected from HIV-infected subjects with and without ART, and non-HIV individuals. The expression of SLPI mRNA in the tissue was determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Salivary SLPI protein was detected using ELISA. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were performed to determine the association between HIV/ART status and the expression of oral SLPI.
RESULTS
One hundred and fifty-seven HIV-infected subjects were enrolled: 99 on ART (age range, 23-57 years; mean, 39 years), 58 not on ART (age range, 20-59 years; mean, 34 years), and 50 non-HIV controls (age range, 19-59 years; mean, 36 years). The most common ART regimen was 2NRTIs + 1NNRTI. The expression of oral SLPI in stimulated saliva was significantly decreased with HIV infection (P < 0.001). The expression was also significantly different with respect to ART use (P = 0.007). Smoking, CD4(+) cell count, and HIV viral load were the factors associated with the oral SLPI expression.
CONCLUSION
The expression of oral SLPI is altered by HIV infection and use of ART. Thus, oral SLPI may be the useful biomarker to identify subjects at risk of infections and malignant transformation due to HIV infection and long-term ART.
Topics: Adult; Alcohol Drinking; Anti-HIV Agents; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Biomarkers; CD4 Lymphocyte Count; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Gingival Hemorrhage; HIV; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Mucosa; Oral Health; Periodontal Pocket; Saliva; Salivary Proteins and Peptides; Secretory Leukocyte Peptidase Inhibitor; Secretory Rate; Serine Proteinase Inhibitors; Smoking; Time Factors; Viral Load; Young Adult; Zidovudine
PubMed: 23126266
DOI: 10.1111/jop.12023 -
Cureus Apr 2023Esophageal obstruction represents an endoscopic emergency owing to the high mortality rate associated with complications, including perforation and airway compromise....
Esophageal obstruction represents an endoscopic emergency owing to the high mortality rate associated with complications, including perforation and airway compromise. While typically caused by food or foreign body ingestion, esophageal clot represents a rare etiology of obstruction. We present a case of esophageal obstruction in the context of an anastomotic stricture and chronic anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation caused by clot formation due to oral hemorrhage after dental extractions. Clot retrieval was accomplished via endoscopic suction, and balloon dilation of the anastomotic stricture was performed to prevent recurrence. Our case illustrates the importance of considering oral hemorrhage, therapeutic anticoagulation, and esophageal strictures as risk factors for esophageal obstruction due to clot formation in order to make a timely diagnosis and treatment of this potential endoscopic emergency.
PubMed: 37223205
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.37892 -
Brazilian Oral Research 2024This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and extent of bleeding on probing and calculus in 12-year-old schoolchildren of Quito, Ecuador, and evaluate the associated...
This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and extent of bleeding on probing and calculus in 12-year-old schoolchildren of Quito, Ecuador, and evaluate the associated factors. We conducted an epidemiological survey with a representative sample of 1,100 12-year-old schoolchildren from public schools in the urban area of Quito, Ecuador. We assessed the periodontal health using the Community Periodontal Index (CPI). The prevalence and extent of the periodontal condition was based on the presence of at least one site with bleeding on probing (BOP), and the presence of dental calculus was also evaluated. We used univariate and multiple multilevel Poisson regression analyses to verify the association between the independent variables and the number of sextants with BOP and calculus. The prevalence of BOP and calculus was 92% and 69.9%, respectively. The adjusted mean of the affected sextants was 4.3 and 2.2 for BOP and calculus, respectively. The mother's schooling and malocclusion were associated with the number of sextants with bleeding. The mother's schooling and dental caries experience were associated with calculus. Gingival bleeding and the presence of dental calculus are highly prevalent in 12-year-old schoolchildren from Quito. Gingival bleeding is associated with maternal education and malocclusion, and dental calculus is associated with maternal education and dental caries.
Topics: Humans; Child; Ecuador; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dental Calculus; Dental Caries; Gingival Hemorrhage; Malocclusion
PubMed: 38198302
DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2024.vol38.0002 -
BMC Oral Health Nov 2014The aim of the present study was to compare the prevalence of periodontitis and alveolar bone loss among individuals with psoriasis and a group of randomly selected... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
The aim of the present study was to compare the prevalence of periodontitis and alveolar bone loss among individuals with psoriasis and a group of randomly selected controls.
METHODS
Fifty individuals with psoriasis and 121 controls completed a structured questionnaire, and were examined clinically and radiographically. Oral examination included numbers of missing teeth, probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), presence of dental plaque and bleeding on probing, as well as alveolar bone loss from radiographs. Questionnaires requested information on age, gender, education, dental care, smoking habits, general diseases and medicament use. For adjustment for baseline differences between psoriasis individuals and controls the propensity score based on gender, age and education was computed using multivariate logistic regression. A subsample analysis for propensity score matched psoriasis individuals (n = 50) and controls (n = 50) was performed.
RESULTS
When compared with controls, psoriasis individuals had significantly more missing teeth and more sites with plaque and bleeding on probing. The prevalence of moderate and severe periodontitis was significantly higher among psoriasis individuals (24%) compared to healthy controls (10%). Similarly, 36% of psoriasis cases had one or more sites with radiographic bone loss ≥3 mm, compared to 13% of controls. Logistic regression analysis showed that the association between moderate/severe periodontitis and psoriasis remained statistically significant when adjusted for propensity score, but was attenuated when smoking was entered into the model. The association between psoriasis and one or more sites with bone loss ≥3 mm remained statistically significant when adjusted for propensity score and smoking and regularity of dental visits. In the propensity score (age, gender and education) matched sample (n = 100) psoriasis remained significantly associated with moderate/severe periodontitis and radiographic bone loss.
CONCLUSIONS
Within the limits of the present study, periodontitis and radiographic bone loss is more common among patients with moderate/severe psoriasis compared with the general population. This association remained significant after controlling for confounders.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Alveolar Bone Loss; Case-Control Studies; Chronic Disease; Dental Care; Dental Plaque; Educational Status; Female; Gingival Hemorrhage; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Norway; Oral Hygiene; Periodontal Attachment Loss; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Prevalence; Psoriasis; Smoking; Tooth Loss; Young Adult
PubMed: 25427764
DOI: 10.1186/1472-6831-14-139