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BMC Oral Health Jul 2023Within 3 years of the COVID-19 pandemic, increasing interest has been given to its potential influence on health status due to lockdowns caused by the pandemic....
BACKGROUND
Within 3 years of the COVID-19 pandemic, increasing interest has been given to its potential influence on health status due to lockdowns caused by the pandemic. However, the impact is inadequately understood, especially for college students. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between psychological stress, anxiety and oral health of college students during the Omicron wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.
METHODS
An online survey with measurements of psychological stress, anxiety and oral health was completed by 1770 Chinese college students. The Perceived Stress Scale-14 (PSS-14) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) were used to measure psychological stress and anxiety, respectively. Oral health status was self-reported including toothache, gingival bleeding, and oral ulcer. Multivariable logistic regressions were performed to determine underlying associations for outcome variables. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed to confirm the relationship between mental and oral health status.
RESULTS
Of the 1770 subjects, 39.2% presented high psychological stress and only 41.2% expressed no anxiety. A significant association was found between psychological stress, anxiety and oral health status. Anxiety has significant impacts on toothache (OR = 0.36; 95%CI: 0.23-0.55; p < 0.01), gingival bleeding (OR = 0.43; 95%CI: 0.29-0.65; p < 0.01), and oral ulcer (OR = 0.54; 95%CI: 0.36-0.80; p < 0.01). Anxiety significantly mediated the association between psychological stress and self-reported oral symptoms.
CONCLUSIONS
Anxiety may be a significant risk indicator for mental health among college students and demonstrates a significant relationship with the occurrence of self-reported oral symptoms. Concerns about academic and life changes caused by the pandemic were the two most significant sources of stress.
Topics: Humans; Cross-Sectional Studies; Oral Health; Oral Ulcer; Pandemics; Toothache; COVID-19; Communicable Disease Control; Anxiety Disorders; Stress, Psychological; Students; Gingival Hemorrhage; Depression
PubMed: 37424009
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03151-3 -
Women's Health (London, England) Jan 2009Bleeding into the corpus luteum following ovulation rarely has clinical significance in healthy women, but may lead to life-threatening hemorrhage in women with... (Review)
Review
Bleeding into the corpus luteum following ovulation rarely has clinical significance in healthy women, but may lead to life-threatening hemorrhage in women with congenital or acquired bleeding disorders. Women who are at an increased risk for corpus luteum hemorrhage (CLH) can be divided in two categories; first, those taking anticoagulants because of a thrombotic disorder; and second, women with congenital bleeding disorders. The management and prevention of CLH is still unsettled and the literature dealing with this problem is based on case reports only. This review focuses on the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment options of an acute bleeding event and prevention modalities of CLH in women with bleeding disorders.
Topics: Anticoagulants; Blood Coagulation Disorders, Inherited; Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal; Corpus Luteum; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hemorrhage; Humans; Ovarian Diseases; Premenopause
PubMed: 19102645
DOI: 10.2217/17455057.5.1.91 -
Journal of Periodontology Feb 2013Maternal periodontal disease diagnosed by a detailed oral health examination is associated with preeclampsia. Our objective was to measure the association between... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
Maternal periodontal disease diagnosed by a detailed oral health examination is associated with preeclampsia. Our objective was to measure the association between maternal self-report of oral symptoms/problems, oral hygiene practices, and/or dental service use before or during pregnancy and severe preeclampsia.
METHODS
A written questionnaire was administered to pregnant females at the time of prenatal ultrasound and outcomes were ascertained by chart abstraction. The χ(2) test compared maternal oral symptoms/problems, hygiene practices, and dental service use between females with severe preeclampsia versus normotensive females. Multivariable logistic regression was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for severe preeclampsia.
RESULTS
A total of 48 (10%) of 470 females reported ≥2 oral symptoms/problems in the 6 months before pregnancy and 77 (16%) since pregnancy. Fifty-one (11%) reported previous periodontal treatment. Twenty-eight (6%) of 470 developed severe preeclampsia. Females with a history of periodontal treatment were more likely to develop severe preeclampsia (aOR = 3.71; 95% CI = 1.40 to 9.83) than females without a history of periodontal treatment. Self-reported oral health symptoms/problems, oral hygiene practices, or dental service use before or during pregnancy were not associated with severe preeclampsia when considered in the context of other maternal risk factors.
CONCLUSION
Maternal self-report of previous periodontal treatment before pregnancy is associated with severe preeclampsia.
Topics: Adult; Black or African American; Dental Care; Dental Devices, Home Care; Educational Status; Female; Gingival Hemorrhage; Gingival Recession; Gingivitis; Hispanic or Latino; Humans; Income; Insurance, Dental; Marital Status; Maternal Age; Mouth Diseases; Mouthwashes; Oral Health; Oral Hygiene; Periodontal Diseases; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Prenatal Care; Self Report; Tooth Mobility; Toothbrushing; White People; Young Adult
PubMed: 22509752
DOI: 10.1902/jop.2012.120079 -
International Journal of Environmental... May 2022Gingivitis and periodontitis are highly prevalent in Hong Kong, where the provision of oral health services is predominantly private. This cross-sectional study aimed to...
Gingivitis and periodontitis are highly prevalent in Hong Kong, where the provision of oral health services is predominantly private. This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between the oral symptoms of gum bleeding and self-reported behavioral factors, beliefs, and knowledge among Hong Kong Chinese. The research team commissioned the Public Opinion Programme of The University of Hong Kong to conduct a structured, population-based, computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI), which covered questions related to the demography, perception, and knowledge (including traditional Cantonese beliefs) of gum health, dental attendance, oral health behavior, and dental anxiety. A total of 1,265 individuals aged 25−60 years old were successfully contacted, and 704 (55.7%) reported prior gum bleeding experience. A total of 516 individuals (64.9% females, median 55−60 years) completed the CATI satisfactorily, and 321 (62.2%) experienced gum bleeding in the past 12 months. The factors that were significantly associated with reports of gum bleeding in the past 12 months include having periodontitis, sensitive teeth, having tertiary or higher education, flossing/interdental cleaning, not cleaning teeth well enough, lack of sleep, consuming too much ‘heaty’ food, avoiding going to the dentist when gums are bleeding, and waiting for gum bleeding to subside (p < 0.05, r2 =0.198; forward stepwise logistic regression). Within the limitations of this study, approximately half of the Hong Kong working-age adults surveyed reported experiencing gum bleeding, and 62.2% of the participants experienced it within the past 12 months. Members of Hong Kong’s working-age population who reported having higher levels of education appeared more readily aware of their gum problems. Those with bleeding gums, especially those who have discernable periodontitis, poor dental awareness/behaviors, and/or a poor lifestyle should be targeted to receive education and encouragement, which will allow them to take action and improve their own gum health.
Topics: Adult; Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Gingival Hemorrhage; Health Behavior; Hong Kong; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Perception; Self Report
PubMed: 35565144
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095749 -
BMC Oral Health Nov 2022Periodontitis has been associated with inflammatory processes in arterial walls such as impairment in endothelial function and thickening of intima media. As...
BACKGROUND
Periodontitis has been associated with inflammatory processes in arterial walls such as impairment in endothelial function and thickening of intima media. As inflammation plays a role also in arterial stiffening, an association between periodontal inflammation and arterial stiffness can be expected. So far, conflicting results of the association between periodontal disease and arterial stiffness have been reported. Many of the earlier studies were conducted in specific populations and heterogeneous measures of both arterial stiffness and periodontal status were used. In this population-based study we aimed to investigate whether periodontal pocketing and gingival bleeding are associated with ultrasound-based measures of arterial stiffness.
METHODS
In this cross-sectional study, two sets of data based on the national Health 2000 Survey in Finland were formed. Data set I comprised never-smoking 45-64-year-old dentate (≥ 10 natural teeth), non-diabetic, non-rheumatic, non-obese (BMI ≤ 30 kg/m), non-hypertensive subjects with no coronary artery disease or ongoing lipid-lowering medications (n = 157). Data set II was formed of an unrestricted 45-74-year-old dentate population (n = 536). Four arterial stiffness measures (carotid artery compliance, Peterson's elastic modulus, Young's elastic modulus and beta stiffness index) based on an ultrasound examination of the common carotid artery were used. Periodontal parameters included the number of teeth with ≥ 4 mm deep periodontal pockets and the number of sextants with gingival bleeding. β-estimates, confidence intervals, and p-values were obtained from linear regression models.
RESULTS
In Data set I, the adjusted β-estimates for the association between the number of teeth with ≥ 4 mm deep periodontal pockets and Peterson's elastic modulus and Young's elastic modulus were 15.80 (p = 0.12) and 61.02 (p = 0.22), respectively. The respective β-estimates were 31.06 (p = 0.17) and 121.16 (p = 0.28) for the association between the number of bleeding sextants and these two stiffness measures. The results in Data set II were in line with the results in Data set I, with the exception that the adjusted β-estimates for the associations between Peterson's elastic modulus and Young's elastic modulus and periodontal parameters were closer to null.
CONCLUSIONS
This population-based study did not provide evidence of an association between periodontal condition and arterial stiffness.
Topics: Humans; Middle Aged; Aged; Vascular Stiffness; Periodontal Pocket; Cross-Sectional Studies; Carotid Artery, Common; Gingival Hemorrhage; Inflammation
PubMed: 36371211
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02502-w -
BMC Oral Health Feb 2024To investigate the effects of combinations of mechanical (brushing and flossing) and chemotherapeutic regimens which included essential oils (EO) non-alcohol and... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
To investigate the effects of combinations of mechanical (brushing and flossing) and chemotherapeutic regimens which included essential oils (EO) non-alcohol and alcohol-containing mouthrinses compared to brushing only in the prevention and reduction of plaque, gingivitis, and gingival bleeding.
METHODS
This was a randomized, virtually supervised, examiner blind, controlled clinical trial. Following informed consent and screening, subjects (N = 270) with gingivitis were randomly assigned to one of the following regimens: (1) Brush Only (B, n = 54); (2) Brush/Rinse (EO alcohol-containing mouthrinse) (BA, n = 54); (3) Brush/Rinse (EO non-alcohol containing mouthrinse) (BZ, n = 54); (4) Brush/Floss (BF, n = 54); (5) Brush/Floss/Rinse (EO non-alcohol containing mouthrinse) (BFZ, n = 54). Unflavored waxed dental floss (REACH unflavored waxed dental floss), and fluoridated toothpaste (Colgate Cavity Protection) were used. Examinations included oral hard and soft tissue, plaque, gingivitis, gingival bleeding, probing depth and bleeding on probing.
RESULTS
After 12 weeks, both BA and BZ and the BFZ group were superior in reducing interproximal plaque (30.8%, 18.2%, 16.0%, respectively), gingivitis (39.0%, 36.9%, 36.1%, respectively), and bleeding (67.8%, 73.6%, 79.8%, respectively) compared to B. The BF group did not provide significant reductions in interproximal plaque but did reduce interproximal gingivitis (5.1%, p = 0.041) at Week 4 and bleeding at Weeks 4 and 12 (34.6%, 31.4%, p < 0.001 respectively) compared to B. The BFZ group did not significantly reduce interproximal plaque, gingivitis or bleeding compared to BZ.
CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrated that the addition of EO non-alcohol containing mouthrinse to the manual toothbrushing and flossing regimen further reduces plaque, gingivitis and bleeding showing that addition of EO mouthrinses (alcohol or non-alcohol containing) to the oral hygiene regimen provides sustained reductions in plaque to help maintain gingival health after a dental prophylaxis. Dental professional recommendation of the addition of an EO non-alcohol containing mouthrinse to daily oral hygiene routines of brushing or brushing and flossing should be considered to aid supragingival plaque control and improve gingivitis prevention.
STUDY REGISTRY NUMBER
NCT05600231.
Topics: Humans; Mouthwashes; Dental Devices, Home Care; Dental Plaque; Toothbrushing; Gingivitis; Oils, Volatile; Gingival Hemorrhage; Dental Plaque Index
PubMed: 38310236
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03924-4 -
Journal of Oral Science Dec 2007Antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents have been extensively researched and developed as potential therapies in the prevention and management of arterial and venous... (Review)
Review
Antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents have been extensively researched and developed as potential therapies in the prevention and management of arterial and venous thrombosis. On the other hand, antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs have also been associated with an increase in the bleeding time and risk of postoperative hemorrhage. Because of this, some dentists still recommend the patient to stop the therapy for at least 3 days before any oral surgical procedure. However, stopping the use of these drugs exposes the patient to vascular problems, with the potential for significant morbidity. This article reviews the main antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs in use today and explains the dental management of patients on these drugs, when subjected to minor oral surgery procedures. It can be concluded that the optimal INR value for dental surgical procedures is 2.5 because it minimizes the risk of either hemorrhage or thromboembolism. Nevertheless, minor oral surgical procedures, such as biopsies, tooth extraction and periodontal surgery, can safely be done with an INR lower than 4.0.
Topics: Anticoagulants; Blood Coagulation; Dental Care for Chronically Ill; Hemostatic Techniques; Humans; International Normalized Ratio; Oral Hemorrhage; Oral Surgical Procedures; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Postoperative Hemorrhage; Thrombosis
PubMed: 18195506
DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.49.253 -
Frontiers in Oncology 2022We reported the long-term outcomes of transcatheter chemoembolization (TACE) for patients with late-stage or recurrent oral carcinoma.
OBJECTIVE
We reported the long-term outcomes of transcatheter chemoembolization (TACE) for patients with late-stage or recurrent oral carcinoma.
METHODS
This retrospective study enrolled 18 patients with late-stage or recurrent oral carcinoma between December 2015 and April 2021. The tumor-feeding artery was catheterized, and cisplatin/oxaliplatin and 5-FU/raltitrexed were infused with embolization using polyvinyl alcohol or gelatin sponge. Computed tomography was performed at about 1, 3, and 6 months after the procedure, and every 6 months after that. During the procedure and follow-up, procedure outcomes, complications, treatment efficacy, and overall survival were analyzed.
RESULTS
A total of 31 sessions of TACE were performed, with a technical success rate of 100%. Of 12 patients combined with oral hemorrhage, two patients showed rebleeding 35 and 37 days later, with a clinical efficiency of hemostasis of 88.9%. Mild complications were observed in 11 patients (61.1%). Severe complications or procedure-related deaths were not observed during or after the procedure. The objective response rate and disease control rate were 20.0% and 86.7%, 38.5% and 61.5%, and 25.0% and 50.0% at 1, 3, and 6 months later, respectively. Seventeen patients (94.4%) were followed up, with a median duration of 37.8 months (IQR 22.3-56.8). Nine patients died of tumor progression, one died of massive rebleeding, and one died of severe lung infection. The median overall survival was 23.8 months.
CONCLUSION
TACE is a safe and effective procedure with minimal invasiveness for treating late-stage or recurrent oral carcinoma. TACE can be recommended as a palliative treatment, particularly for patients with oral hemorrhage.
PubMed: 35936680
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.831583 -
Indian Journal of Dental Research :... 2006Desquamative gingival lesions are non-plaque induced inflammatory gingival lesions. It is a clinical description and not a diagnosis. These desquamative lesions...
Desquamative gingival lesions are non-plaque induced inflammatory gingival lesions. It is a clinical description and not a diagnosis. These desquamative lesions represent oral manifestations of various dermatoses. Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE), one of the rare dermatoses shows desquamative lesions as the oral manifestation. We here with report a case of SLE with oral lesions involving gingiva of a 36 year old female patient. The clinical presentation, histological features, and investigatory findings are discussed.
Topics: Adult; Burning Mouth Syndrome; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Gingival Diseases; Gingival Hemorrhage; Gingivitis; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
PubMed: 17051876
DOI: 10.4103/0970-9290.29883 -
Community Dental Health Sep 2014This study sought to examine oral health beliefs and attitudes, and utilisation of oral health care services among individuals with diabetes and health professionals who...
OBJECTIVE
This study sought to examine oral health beliefs and attitudes, and utilisation of oral health care services among individuals with diabetes and health professionals who serve them in Ghana.
BASIC RESEARCH DESIGN
A qualitative study using grounded theory was conducted.
CLINICAL SETTING
University of Ghana Dental School at Korle Bu, University of Ghana School of Public Health, National Diabetes Research and Management Centre at Korle Bu, and New York University College of Dentistry.
PARTICIPANTS
A convenience sample of 59 patients comprised 7 focus groups conducted in either Twi or English. Seven key informant interviews with healthcare professionals and one spiritual leader were completed.
RESULTS
Data from the focus groups and interviews reveal: 1, half of the participants with diabetes have oral manifestations (e.g., bleeding gums) and participants are generally unaware of interrelationship between diabetes and oral health; 2, dental treatment utilisation is minimal and associated almost exclusively with reparative and emergency care; and 3, medical health providers do not acknowledge the interrelationship between oral health and diabetes nor do they incorporate oral health issues into diabetes screening/treatment.
CONCLUSION
Oral health knowledge and practices are limited among patients with diabetes in Accra, Ghana. Collaborative efforts for in-service education and training for oral health and medical professionals may be beneficial in serving the oral and general health care needs as well as improving the oral health-related quality of life of Ghanaians with diabetes.
Topics: Adult; Attitude to Health; Dental Care; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Focus Groups; Ghana; Gingival Hemorrhage; Gingivitis; Health Behavior; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Oral Health; Oral Hygiene; Patient Education as Topic; Qualitative Research; Quality of Life; Spiritual Therapies
PubMed: 25300150
DOI: No ID Found