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Microbiology Spectrum Oct 2022is being developed as a biological tool to suppress mosquito populations and/or interfere with their transmitted viruses. Adult males with an artificial infection have...
is being developed as a biological tool to suppress mosquito populations and/or interfere with their transmitted viruses. Adult males with an artificial infection have been released, successfully yielding population suppression in multiple field trials. The main characteristic of the artificial -infected mosquitoes used in the suppression program is the lower vector competence than that in native infected/uninfected mosquitoes in horizontal and vertical transmission. Our previous studies have demonstrated that the Aedes albopictus HC line infected with a trio of strains exhibited almost complete blockade of dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV) in horizontal and vertical transmission. However, the extent to which inhibits virus transovarial transmission is unknown since no studies have been performed to determine whether protects ovarian cells against viral infection. Here, we employed ovarian cells of the . GUA (a wild-type mosquito line superinfected with two native strains, AlbA and AlbB), HC, and GT lines (tetracycline-cured, -uninfected mosquitoes), which exhibit key traits, and compared them to better understand how inhibits ZIKV transovarial transmission. Our results showed that the infection rate of adult GT progeny was significantly higher than that of GUA progeny during the first and second gonotrophic cycles. In contrast, the infection rates of adult GT and GUA progeny were not significantly different during the third gonotrophic cycle. All examined adult HC progeny from three gonotrophic cycles were negative for ZIKV infection. A strong negative linear correlation existed between density and ZIKV load in the ovaries of mosquitoes. Although there is no obvious coexistence area in the ovaries for and ZIKV, host immune responses may play a role in blocking ZIKV expansion and maintenance in the ovaries of . These results will aid in understanding -ZIKV interactions in mosquitoes. Area-wide application of to suppress mosquito populations and their transmitted viruses has achieved success in multiple countries. However, the mass release of -infected male mosquitoes involves a potential risk of accidentally releasing fertile females. In this study, we employed ovarian cells of the GUA, HC, and GT lines, which exhibit key traits, and compared them to better understand how inhibits ZIKV transovarial transmission. Our results showed an almost complete blockade of ZIKV transmission in HC female mosquitoes. in natively infected GUA mosquitoes negative affected ZIKV, and this interference was shown by slightly lower loads than those in HC mosquitoes. Overall, our work helps show how blocks ZIKV expansion and maintenance in the ovaries of and aids in understanding -ZIKV interactions in mosquitoes.
Topics: Animals; Male; Female; Wolbachia; Aedes; Zika Virus; Zika Virus Infection; Mosquito Vectors; Tetracyclines
PubMed: 35894613
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02633-21 -
Nefrologia : Publicacion Oficial de La... 2011
Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Biotransformation; Color; Female; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Indigo Carmine; Indoles; Klebsiella Infections; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Ovarian Neoplasms; Peritoneal Neoplasms; Proteus Infections; Proteus mirabilis; Tryptophan; Urinary Tract Infections; Urine
PubMed: 21738253
DOI: 10.3265/Nefrologia.pre2011.May.10868 -
International Journal of Environmental... May 2023Ovarian Cancer (OC) diagnosis is entrusted to CA125 and HE4. Since the latter has been found increased in COVID-19 patients, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the...
Ovarian Cancer (OC) diagnosis is entrusted to CA125 and HE4. Since the latter has been found increased in COVID-19 patients, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the influence of SARS-CoV-2 infection on OC biomarkers. HE4 values above the cut-off were observed in 65% of OC patients and in 48% of SARS-CoV-2-positive patients (not oncologic patients), whereas CA125 values above the cut-off were observed in 71% of OC patients and in 11% of SARS-CoV-2 patients. Hence, by dividing the HE4 levels into quartiles, we can state that altered levels of HE4 in COVID-19 patients were mostly detectable in quartile I (151-300 pmol/L), while altered levels in OC patients were mostly clustered in quartile III (>600, pmol/L). In light of these observations, in order to better discriminate women with ovarian cancer versus those with COVID-19, we established a possible HE4 cut-off of 328 pmol/L by means of a ROC curve. These results demonstrate that the reliability of HE4 as a biomarker in ovarian cancer remains unchanged, despite COVID-19 interference; moreover, it is important for a proper diagnosis that whether the patient has a recent history of SARS-CoV-2 infection is determined.
Topics: Humans; Female; Biomarkers, Tumor; Reproducibility of Results; WAP Four-Disulfide Core Domain Protein 2; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Ovarian Neoplasms; ROC Curve
PubMed: 37297598
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20115994 -
The Journal of Reproduction and... 2015We investigated the relationship between the persistence of uterine bacterial infections with cytologically determined endometritis and ovarian function in 65 postpartum...
We investigated the relationship between the persistence of uterine bacterial infections with cytologically determined endometritis and ovarian function in 65 postpartum Holstein cows. Vaginal mucus discharges were collected, and endometrial smear samples (n = 130) were collected for cytological and bacteriological examinations from the cows at weeks 5 and 7 postpartum (pp). Blood samples were collected at weeks 3, 5 and 7 pp to determine plasma progesterone concentrations to monitor ovarian activity. According to the bacteriological examination, cows were classified into four groups. The first group (n = 32; 49%) comprised cows negative for bacteria at weeks 5 and 7 pp. The second group (n = 11; 17%) comprised cows with bacterial infections at week 5 pp but that were clear of infection at week 7 pp. The third group (n = 12; 19%) comprised cows without bacteria at week 5 pp but that acquired an infection by week 7 pp. The fourth group (n = 10; 15%) comprised cows with bacterial infections at weeks 5 and 7 pp (persistence of infection). A positive correlation (P < 0.001) was noted between the severity of cytologically determined endometritis, purulent vaginal discharge and the persistence of infection. Cows with persistent infections had a significantly (P < 0.01) prolonged luteal phase compared with cows without infection. In conclusion, the prevalence of cytologically determined endometritis and prolonged luteal phase were significantly increased in cows with persistent infections.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Infections; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Endometritis; Female; Inflammation; Leukocytes, Mononuclear; Luteal Phase; Neutrophils; Ovary; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Animal; Prevalence; Progesterone; Time Factors; Uterus; Vagina
PubMed: 25482111
DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2014-051 -
Biomedical Journal Apr 2020Despite the hard times COVID-19 has imposed on us, the Biomedical Journal strives to provide fresh and compelling reading material - to be enjoyed safely from home. In... (Review)
Review
Despite the hard times COVID-19 has imposed on us, the Biomedical Journal strives to provide fresh and compelling reading material - to be enjoyed safely from home. In this issue, we glance behind the scenes of dental stem cell preservation for potential therapeutic use, and discover that cancer cells hijack podoplanin expression to induce thrombosis. Moreover, we learn how the helicase DDX17 promotes tumour stemness, how genetic defects in meiosis and DNA repair cause premature ovarian insufficiency, and that the brain-derived neurotrophic factor is associated with several psychiatric diseases. Further accounts relate the role of miR-95-3p in colorectal cancer, the protective power of eggplants against mercury poisoning, and the predictive value of inhibin A for premature delivery. Finally, the very rare case of adenoid cystic carcinoma in the external auditory canal receives some attention, and we get to read up on how 3D imaging and modelling combines functional and aesthetic repair of cleft lip and palate cases.
Topics: Betacoronavirus; COVID-19; Cell Differentiation; Coronavirus Infections; Humans; MicroRNAs; Pandemics; Pneumonia, Viral; SARS-CoV-2; Stem Cells; Tooth
PubMed: 32333995
DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2020.04.001 -
Medical Gas Research 2019Ozone is emerging as a new adjunct therapeutic agent for female infertility. We here present a review of the literature, to date, pertaining to the effect of ozone... (Review)
Review
Ozone is emerging as a new adjunct therapeutic agent for female infertility. We here present a review of the literature, to date, pertaining to the effect of ozone therapy on tubal, ovarian, endometrial, and vaginal factors that could potentially affect female fertility. It also presents data pertaining to the relationship of ozone therapy on pelvic adhesion formation. Most data were performed on animals and very few human studies existed in the literature. Results suggested that ozone therapy could have beneficial effect on tubal occlusion, could protect from endometritis and vaginitis, might protect ovaries from ischemia and oocyte loss and finally might lead to less formation of pelvic adhesions. There is a critical need for human studies pertaining to ozone therapy, especially using safe methods of administration, such as transdermally or intravaginally, on female fertility.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Endometritis; Fallopian Tube Diseases; Female; Humans; Infections; Infertility, Female; Ozone; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
PubMed: 31249259
DOI: 10.4103/2045-9912.260652 -
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer... 2013Approximately, 15-20% of all cancers worldwide are caused by infectious agents. Understanding the role of infectious agents on cancer development might be useful for... (Review)
Review
Approximately, 15-20% of all cancers worldwide are caused by infectious agents. Understanding the role of infectious agents on cancer development might be useful for developing new approaches to its prevention. Mycoplasma genitalium is a clinically important sexually transmitted pathogen that has been associated with several human diseases. There have been a few studies suggestive of probable roles of Mycoplasma genitalium in cancer development, including prostate and ovarian cancers and lymphomas, but the role of this microorganism like other Mycoplasma species in neoplasia is still conjectural. Considering the prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium infections and also the emergence of resistant strains, Mycoplasma genitalium needs more attention in the infectious agent cancer-causing research area.
Topics: Humans; Mycoplasma Infections; Mycoplasma genitalium; Neoplasms
PubMed: 23886122
DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.6.3425 -
Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Jul 2014In 2013, 10 topics were selected for major clinical research advances in gynecologic oncology; these included three topics regarding cervical cancer, three regarding... (Review)
Review
In 2013, 10 topics were selected for major clinical research advances in gynecologic oncology; these included three topics regarding cervical cancer, three regarding ovarian cancer, two regarding endometrial cancer, and one each regarding breast cancer and radiation oncology. For cervical cancer, bevacizumab was first demonstrated to exhibit outstanding clinical efficacy in a recurrent, metastatic setting. Regarding cervical cancer screening, visual inspections with acetic acid in low-resource settings, p16/Ki-67 double staining, and the follow-up results of four randomized controlled trials of human papillomavirus-based screening methods were reviewed. Laparoscopic para-aortic lymphadenectomy before chemoradiation for locally advanced cervical cancer was the final topic for cervical cancer. Regarding front-line ovarian cancer therapies, dose-dense paclitaxel and carboplatin, intraperitoneal chemotherapy, and other targeted agents administered according to combination or maintenance schedules were discussed. Regarding recurrent ovarian cancer treatment, cediranib, olaparib, and farletuzumab were discussed for platinum-sensitive disease. The final overall survival data associated with a combination of bevacizumab and chemotherapy for platinum-resistant disease were briefly summarized. For endometrial cancer, the potential clinical efficacy of metformin, an antidiabetic drug, in obese patients was followed by integrated genomic analyses from the Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network. For breast cancer, three remarkable advances were reviewed: the long-term effects of continued adjuvant tamoxifen for 10 years, the effects of 2-year versus 1-year adjuvant trastuzumab for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive disease, and the approval of pertuzumab in a neoadjuvant setting with a pathologic complete response as the surrogate endpoint. Finally, the recent large studies of intensity-modulated radiotherapy for gynecologic cancer were briefly summarized.
Topics: Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Biomedical Research; Early Detection of Cancer; Endometrial Neoplasms; Female; Genital Neoplasms, Female; Humans; Lymph Node Excision; Ovarian Neoplasms; Papillomavirus Infections; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
PubMed: 25045437
DOI: 10.3802/jgo.2014.25.3.236 -
Neuropsychology Review Jun 2009Although the incidence of HIV in the United States is higher among men compared to women, the global proportion of women versus men who are infected has been... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Review
Although the incidence of HIV in the United States is higher among men compared to women, the global proportion of women versus men who are infected has been approximately 50% since the late 1990s. Women have been under-represented in neuropsychological studies of HIV. A small number of studies have reported a significantly higher prevalence of neurocognitive impairment among HIV+ women compared to HIV- controls regardless of symptom status and with or without an AIDS diagnosis. Impairment was most evident on psychomotor tasks. The risk of neuropsychological impairment was increased among HIV+ women not on antiretroviral therapy. Age and depressive symptoms also increase neurocognitive risk. New neurocognitive studies of ovarian steroid hormones, PTSD and other psychiatric conditions are critical for addressing potential female-specific aspects of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder. Such studies will also address questions regarding involvement of the hippocampus and verbal memory, which may be of particular significance among HIV+ women.
Topics: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Age Factors; Cognition; Cognition Disorders; Female; HIV Infections; Humans; Male; Psychomotor Performance; Reaction Time; Sex Factors
PubMed: 19430907
DOI: 10.1007/s11065-009-9093-2 -
Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine Dec 2016Internists are called upon on a daily basis to address a range of women's health issues. Staying up to date with the evidence in this wide field can be challenging. This... (Review)
Review
Internists are called upon on a daily basis to address a range of women's health issues. Staying up to date with the evidence in this wide field can be challenging. This article reviews important studies published in 2015 and early 2016 pertinent to urinary tract infection, osteoporosis, ovarian cancer screening, and contraception.
Topics: Diphosphonates; Female; Humans; Ibuprofen; Internal Medicine; Middle Aged; Urinary Tract Infections; Women's Health
PubMed: 27938517
DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.83a.16098