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Drug Delivery Dec 2020Receptor-mediated active targeting and tumor microenvironment responsive systems from polymeric micelles have been studied for rapid cellular internalization and...
Receptor-mediated active targeting and tumor microenvironment responsive systems from polymeric micelles have been studied for rapid cellular internalization and triggered drug release. Previously we have constructed redox-responsive polymeric micelles composed of vitamin E succinate conjugated hyaluronic acid (HA-ss-TOS), which are able to actively target CD44 proteins and quickly release loaded drugs upon exposure to high levels of glutathione (GSH) in tumor cells. In the present study, we found that despite different cellular internalization mechanisms, micelles showed strong antineoplastic effects on 4T1 and B16F10 cells due to redox responsiveness. HA-ss-TOS-PTX micelles exhibited an excellent tumor targeting ability and prolonged retention time compared to Taxol . In addition, a superior antitumor effect was achieved compared to PTX-loaded insensitive micelles (HA-TOS-PTX) and Taxol. Our results revealed that PTX-loaded HA-ss-TOS micelles could enhance the antineoplastic efficacy of PTX for breast cancer and melanoma treatment and, thus, deserve further attention.
Topics: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival; Drug Carriers; Drug Liberation; Humans; Hyaluronan Receptors; Hyaluronic Acid; Micelles; Nanoparticles; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxyphil Cells; Paclitaxel; Particle Size; alpha-Tocopherol
PubMed: 31894722
DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2019.1709919 -
Journal of Clinical Pathology Aug 1986Neoplastic and non-neoplastic oxyphil cells in thyroid disorders were investigated for enzyme and synthetic activity, ultrastructural features, and immune complex...
Neoplastic and non-neoplastic oxyphil cells in thyroid disorders were investigated for enzyme and synthetic activity, ultrastructural features, and immune complex deposition. A reduced but definite content of thyroglobuliin and similar enzyme profiles and ultrastructural features in all types of oxyphill change were found. Immune complex deposition was seen in Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis but not in oxyphil neoplasms or colloid goitre with focal oxyphil change. The findings suggest that oxyphil cells do represent a uniform change. Immunological damage with immune complex deposition might be the cause of oxyphil change in only some conditions.
Topics: Antigen-Antibody Complex; Humans; Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; Staining and Labeling; Succinate Dehydrogenase; Thyroglobulin; Thyroid Diseases; Thyroid Gland; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyroxine; Triiodothyronine
PubMed: 2427550
DOI: 10.1136/jcp.39.8.908 -
Ear, Nose, & Throat Journal Sep 2021
Review
Topics: Aged; Humans; Male; Medical Illustration; Melanosis; Metaplasia; Nasopharyngeal Diseases; Nasopharynx; Oxyphil Cells
PubMed: 32075429
DOI: 10.1177/0145561320907427 -
International Journal of Surgery Case... 2016Parathyroid adenomas are the most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism. However, cases of parathyroid adenomas greater than 4cm with osteitis fibrosa cystica are...
INTRODUCTION
Parathyroid adenomas are the most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism. However, cases of parathyroid adenomas greater than 4cm with osteitis fibrosa cystica are extremely rare. Herein, we report a case of resection of a large ectopic mediastinal parathyroid adenoma.
CASE PRESENTATIONS
A 46-year-old female with chief complaints of bone pain and gait disturbance was referred to our hospital. Physical examination revealed many mobile teeth in her oral cavity, distortion of the vertebral body, and bowlegs. Laboratory tests showed hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, and elevated serum levels of intact parathyroid hormone. Chest CT revealed a 42-mm well-defined, enhancing mass in front of the left-sided tracheal bifurcation. Her findings were diagnosed as primary hyperparathyroidism due to an ectopic mediastinal parathyroid tumor. We performed a median sternotomy and resected the tumor. The tumor was a solid, yellowish-brown mass measuring 42×42 mm. Pathologically, the tumor consisted mainly of chief cells with some oxyphil cells; there were no necrotic areas or nuclear atypia, and few mitotic figures. We diagnosed the tumor as an ectopic mediastinal parathyroid adenoma. Eight months after the resection, her serum calcium, phosphorus, and intact PTH levels were normal.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
Parathyroid adenomas and parathyroid carcinomas have disparate natural histories, but they can be difficult to differentiate on the basis of preoperative clinical characteristics. We believe that long-term follow-up of these cases is required because there have been few reports on the postoperative natural history of large parathyroid adenomas.
PubMed: 27078868
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2016.04.007 -
Endocrinology Aug 2012Hürthle cells have long been described in Hashimoto thyroiditis but remain of undetermined significance. We have previously shown that Hürthle cells and hypothyroidism...
Hürthle cells have long been described in Hashimoto thyroiditis but remain of undetermined significance. We have previously shown that Hürthle cells and hypothyroidism develop in C57BL/6J mice expressing interferon-γ (IFNγ) in the thyroid. To assess the influence of genetic backgrounds on Hürthle cell development, we crossed C57BL/6J IFNγ transgenic mice to 14 strains and analyzed thyroid histopathology and function in a cohort of 389 mice (225 transgenic and 164 wild type) using a multiple linear regression model that also included strain, sex, genotype, and major histocompatibility complex haplotype. We then queried the Johns Hopkins surgical pathology electronic archive for "Hashimoto" and/or "thyroiditis" keywords, reviewed the reports, and reexamined the Hashimoto slides. Hürthle cells were markedly affected by the genetic background: they were prominent and associated with hypothyroidism in the C57BL/6J, C57BL/6ByJ, C57BL/10J, C57BLKS/J, C57L/J, C58/J, and BPN/3J IFNγ transgenic strains, whereas they are mild or absent in the BPH/2J, BPL/1J, LP/J, CBA/J, Balb/cJ, DBA/1J, and NOD/ShiLtJ strains. Hürthle cells were the strongest predictor of hypothyroidism after adjusting for all the other covariates in the regression model. Interestingly, transgenic mice of the BPL/1J, DBA/1J, and NOD/ShiLtJ strains developed a marked accumulation of intrathyroidal brown adipocytes that was significantly associated with improved thyroid function. Hürthle cells were mentioned in 23% of the Hashimoto reports but increased to 79% upon our slide review. This study reports a novel association of Hürhtle cells and brown adipocytes on thyroid function that should prompt a reconsideration of their significance and role in pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroiditis.
Topics: Animals; Hypothyroidism; Interferon-gamma; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Oxyphil Cells
PubMed: 22719056
DOI: 10.1210/en.2012-1236 -
Medicine Jul 2020Tc-99m sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) has been used to help surgeons explore the location of parathyroid diseases,...
The Usefulness of Maximum Standardized Uptake Value at the Delayed Phase of Tc-99m sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography for Identification of Parathyroid Adenoma and Hyperplasia.
Tc-99m sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) has been used to help surgeons explore the location of parathyroid diseases, but quantitative parameters have not been systemically investigated for this purpose. We aimed to establish objective criteria for adenoma and hyperplasia using the standardized uptake value (SUV) in patients with hyperparathyroidism.Thirty-nine hyperparathyroid patients (male/female: 17/22, age: 58.33 ± 11.69 years) with at least 1 uptake-positive lesion of any degree by visual assessment in preoperative Tc-99m sestamibi quantitative SPECT/CT were included from Oct 2015 to Oct 2017. Pathologically, 44 lesions (32 adenomas and 12 hyperplasia) were identified. All patients experienced normalized levels of intact parathyroid hormone immediately after surgery. Quantitative SPECT/CT was performed at 10 minute and 2 hour post injection of Tc-99m sestabmibi (dose = 740 MBq), and maximum SUV (SUVmax) was measured for the parathyroid lesions. Experienced pathologists evaluated the percentage cellular proportions of chief cells, oxyphil cells, and clear cells.SUVmax (g/mL) of adenomas, hyperplasia, and reference thyroid tissue were 12.92 ± 6.68, 7.90 ± 5.49, and 7.01 ± 2.62 at 10min (early phase), decreasing to 7.46 ± 5.66, 4.65 ± 3.14, and 2.21 ± 1.07 at 2 hour (delayed phase), respectively. The adenomas showed significantly higher SUVmax than both the hyperplasia (P = .0131) and reference thyroid tissue (P < .0001) along the early and delayed phases, but the SUVmax of the hyperplasia did not differ from that of the reference thyroid tissue (P = .4196). The adenomas and hyperplasia were discriminated from the reference thyroid tissue using a cutoff SUVmax of 3.26 at the delayed phase. The adenomas had lower %proportions of oxyphil cells than the hyperplasia (P = .0054), but its SUVmax at the delayed phase was positively correlated with the %proportions of mitochondria-abundant oxyphil cells (rho = 0.418, P = .0173). The hyperplasia showed no correlation between SUVmax and cellular proportions.SUVmax at the delayed phase in the Tc-99m sestamibi quantitative SPECT/CT was useful for the identification and differentiation of parathyroid lesions causing hyperparathyroidism.
Topics: Adenoma; Adult; Aged; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Hyperplasia; Male; Middle Aged; Parathyroid Glands; Parathyroid Neoplasms; Radiopharmaceuticals; Retrospective Studies; Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Computed Tomography; Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi
PubMed: 32664158
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000021176 -
Medicine Sep 2014We report on a rare case of a laryngeal carcinoma arising in a multifocal pharyngolaryngeal oncocytic papillary cystadenoma (OPC). The disease of a 63-year-old man is... (Review)
Review
We report on a rare case of a laryngeal carcinoma arising in a multifocal pharyngolaryngeal oncocytic papillary cystadenoma (OPC). The disease of a 63-year-old man is well documented by computed and positron emission tomography, histology, and electron microscopy. We could show that an OPC can even develop in the pharynx. The coexistence of both tumors makes this a challenging diagnosis for pathologists. Treated by surgery and radiotherapy, both lesions dissolved. Based on the literature available, we discuss the theory that the laryngeal carcinoma might be the result of a true metaplasia facilitated by chronic irritation and recommend a regular follow-up for OPC too. As in benign oncocytic lesions, we could show that the detection of numerous mitochondria is a diagnostic indicator for malignant variants as well.
Topics: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Combined Modality Therapy; Cystadenoma, Papillary; Humans; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Laryngectomy; Male; Middle Aged; Oxyphil Cells; Pharyngeal Neoplasms; Radiotherapy; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 25211046
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000000070 -
Medicine Aug 2019Hybrid oncocytic/chromophobe tumor (HOCT) is defined as tumor composed of renal oncocytoma (RO) and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (CHRCC). Sporadic HOCT is extremely...
RATIONALE
Hybrid oncocytic/chromophobe tumor (HOCT) is defined as tumor composed of renal oncocytoma (RO) and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (CHRCC). Sporadic HOCT is extremely rare, the preoperative diagnosis is difficult, and no guidelines for clinical therapy. We report a case who is the youngest male patient of sporadic HOCT in the world, review the previously reported cases, and share the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of HOCT.
PATIENT CONCERNS
A 30-year-old man was admitted with the complaints of incidental right renal tumor detected by abdominal ultrasound. He had no complaints of urological symptoms, abdominal pain, osphyalgia, and hematuria. Abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed an 85 mm × 80 mm × 80 mm unilateral and solid renal mass, and no findings of metastases.
DIAGNOSIS
The preoperative diagnosis was right renal tumor.
INTERVENTIONS
Laparoscopic right radical nephrectomy was performed.
OUTCOMES
Histopathology demonstrated a mixture of cells with the morphologic features of those seen in CHRCC and RO. The patient was final diagnosed as sporadic HOCT. After follow-up of 14 months, the patient had no complaints and evidence of disease recurrence.
LESSONS
Sporadic HOCT is extremely rare. It is possible that core biopsy could improve diagnostic accuracy. Laparoscopic radical nephrectomy or nephron sparing surgery should be considered the clinical therapy of the sporadic HOCT patients. The clinical behavior of HOCT is still entirely uncertain and should be proved by studies with available long follow-up.
Topics: Adenoma, Oxyphilic; Adult; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Neoplasms; Male; Nephrectomy; Oxyphil Cells
PubMed: 31415358
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000016641 -
The Malaysian Journal of Pathology Aug 2020Oncocytic carcinoma of the salivary gland is an uncommon tumour in the head and neck region. Owing to its rarity, identifying the histopathological features of a...
Oncocytic carcinoma of the salivary gland is an uncommon tumour in the head and neck region. Owing to its rarity, identifying the histopathological features of a malignant tumour can be difficult and challenging. We report a case of a 70-year-old man who presented with a left facial weakness for six months in a background history of left parotid swelling over the past 10 years. Clinical examination revealed a 3x3cm left parotid mass and grade 4 facial nerve palsy. Fine needle aspiration of the mass showed scattered cohesive, monolayered sheets of uniform oncocytic cells. Subsequently, a left total parotidectomy and selective neck dissection were performed. Histological examination showed sheets of small oncocytes with minimal nuclear atypia. Evidence of nerve entrapment, capsular invasion and perivascular permeation were identified in focal areas. Thus, a final diagnosis of oncocytic carcinoma was rendered.
Topics: Adenoma, Oxyphilic; Aged; Biopsy, Fine-Needle; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Male; Oxyphil Cells; Parotid Gland; Parotid Neoplasms; Salivary Glands
PubMed: 32860383
DOI: No ID Found -
Cancer Cytopathology Aug 2021The salivary gland neoplasm of unknown malignant potential (SUMP) category reflects the cytomorphologic overlap and complexity of reporting salivary gland cytology in...
Analysis of the risk of malignancy associated with the basaloid and oncocytic subtypes of the salivary gland neoplasm of unknown malignant potential (SUMP) category in the Milan system.
BACKGROUND
The salivary gland neoplasm of unknown malignant potential (SUMP) category reflects the cytomorphologic overlap and complexity of reporting salivary gland cytology in the Milan system. It includes neoplasms for which a diagnosis of a specific entity cannot be made and, more importantly, for which a carcinoma cannot be entirely excluded. For risk stratification, the subcategorization of SUMP based on the predominant cell type is recommended. This study was aimed at evaluating the risk of neoplasm (RON) and the risk of malignancy (ROM) of the basaloid and oncocytic subtypes of the SUMP category.
METHODS
A retrospective analysis of 482 salivary gland fine-needle aspirations from 2012 to 2019 resulted in 48 SUMP cases. The cytology of these cases was reviewed and reclassified as the basaloid or oncocytic subtype. Surgical follow-up was available for 36 cases. The RON and ROM for each subtype were calculated.
RESULTS
The RON and ROM were 100% and 23%, respectively, for monomorphic basaloid tumors and 88% and 58.8%, respectively, for monomorphic oncocytic tumors. The ROM for basaloid tumors was 8.3% without matrix/with minimal matrix and 60% with an nonfibrillary matrix. The ROM for oncocytic tumors was 50% without a cystic background and 60% with a cystic or mucinous background. The difference was not statistically significant for either of the subgroups.
CONCLUSIONS
Even though statistically not significant in our study, the differential ROMs within the oncocytic and basaloid subgroups help in the risk stratification of SUMP cases. Further subcategorization based on the stroma and background helps in limiting the differential diagnosis but does not necessarily add to the value of the risk stratification.
Topics: Biopsy, Fine-Needle; Humans; Oxyphil Cells; Retrospective Studies; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Salivary Glands
PubMed: 33788998
DOI: 10.1002/cncy.22427