-
Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer... Feb 2022High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is classified into four molecular subtypes; mesenchymal, proliferative, immunoreactive, and differentiated, with suggested...
BACKGROUND
High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is classified into four molecular subtypes; mesenchymal, proliferative, immunoreactive, and differentiated, with suggested different prognosis. Addressing the presence of histopathological and immunohistochemical differences in HGSOC that parallel the molecular subtypes can help in tailoring the management protocol to improve therapeutic response and patient outcome.
METHODS
This retrospective study was conducted on 85 specimens for cases of HGSOC. Cases were classified according to histopathological findings into mesenchymal, proliferative, immunoreactive, and differentiated subtypes. Cases were immunostained with ER, PR, Ki67, CD8, E-cadherin, and vimentin.
RESULTS
By applying histopathological data, cases were subdivided into 4 groups; mesenchymal type represented by 25 cases, proliferative type which included 14 cases, the immunoreactive type included 14 cases, and differentiated type represented by 32 cases; 13 of them had SET features and 19 had papillary architectural features. A significant correlation was found between Ki67 and proliferative subtype, as well as between CD8 and immunoreactive subtype. ER showed significantly higher expression in proliferative subtype in the group treated by primary debulking. CD8 showed a significant correlation with solid endometroid transitional (SET) pattern in the group that underwent interval debulking. In terms of prognosis, the shortest median progression-free survival (PFS) was for mesenchymal subtype, while the longest median PFS was for differentiated subtype with SET architectural pattern with statistically significant correlation. No correlation was found between any of the studied parameters and overall survival.
CONCLUSION
Histopathological features and immunohistochemistry can help to stratify HGSOC into prognostic distinct groups.
Topics: Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous; Humans; Ovarian Neoplasms; Prognosis; Progression-Free Survival; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 35138498
DOI: 10.1186/s43046-022-00104-9 -
Case Reports in Hepatology 2018Tubulocystic carcinoma of the bile duct is extremely rare and has not been reported in the literature. We reported a case of cystic neoplasm of the liver with distinct...
Tubulocystic carcinoma of the bile duct is extremely rare and has not been reported in the literature. We reported a case of cystic neoplasm of the liver with distinct histopathological features that could not be clearly classified as of either mucinous or intraductal papillary neoplasm. A 68-year-old Japanese patient had a multicystic biliary tumor within the liver. This tumor was detected on follow-up of polymyalgia rheumatica. The exophytic, multicystic, 35 × 50 mm mass was composed of complex tubulocystic structures. We initially suspected cystadenocarcinoma of the liver and performed radical operation. However, pathology ultimately showed it to be very rare tubulocystic carcinoma that derived from the bile duct. We reviewed the literature and describe the process of our differential diagnosis.
PubMed: 29805823
DOI: 10.1155/2018/2304610 -
Case Reports in Oncology 2020Papillary cystadenocarcinoma is an uncommon disease with low-grade histological and clinical features. Although the tumor has the potential to produce regional lymph...
Papillary cystadenocarcinoma is an uncommon disease with low-grade histological and clinical features. Although the tumor has the potential to produce regional lymph node metastasis, there have been no reports of cases with distant metastasis. We describe a case of papillary cystadenocarcinoma arising from the maxilla that developed pulmonary metastasis 3 years after radical surgery of the primary tumor and regional lymph node. The histological findings were confirmed on resected specimens of the pulmonary nodule and a pathological diagnosis of a metastatic lesion derived from papillary cystadenocarcinoma was made. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the development of pulmonary metastasis in a patient with papillary cystadenocarcinoma. The present case suggests that papillary cystadenocarcinoma has the potential to produce lung metastasis in the clinical course. Based on our experience, we emphasize that long-term follow-up and/or careful examination are necessary in patients with cystadenocarcinoma, especially in patients with lymph node metastasis during the initial surgical therapy.
PubMed: 32774257
DOI: 10.1159/000507956 -
BMJ Case Reports Jan 2014Papillary cystadenocarcinoma (PCC) is an uncommon malignant tumour of the salivary gland, sometimes involving the minor salivary gland. Previously this entity was...
Papillary cystadenocarcinoma (PCC) is an uncommon malignant tumour of the salivary gland, sometimes involving the minor salivary gland. Previously this entity was classified as an atypical type of adenocarcinoma, malignant papillary cystadenoma, low-grade papillary adenocarcinoma or mucus producing adenopapillary carcinoma. PCC is a glandular tumour with an indolent biological behaviour characterised by cysts and papillary endophytic projections. We report two cases of PCC involving the minor salivary gland of the hard palate. Both the patients presented with a swelling in the palate with difficulty in chewing. MRI revealed an extensively destructive lesion involving hard palate, alveolar ridge and maxillary antrum. Clinical and radiological features suggested the malignant nature of the lesion. Histopathology of incisional biopsy revealed tumour proliferation in a multicystic pattern, with extensive papillary proliferation. Diverse and cellular cytomorphology, and cellular and nuclear pleomorphism with few mitotic figures were the prominent features. Both the lesions were confirmed as PCC.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Cystadenocarcinoma, Papillary; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Palatal Neoplasms; Prognosis; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Salivary Glands, Minor; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 24408937
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2013-009215 -
Annals of Surgery Nov 1995The aim of this investigation was to describe the clinical features, diagnosis, pathologic characteristics, and optimal surgical management for patients with... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this investigation was to describe the clinical features, diagnosis, pathologic characteristics, and optimal surgical management for patients with extrahepatic biliary cystadenomas.
SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA
Extrahepatic biliary cystadenomas are rare epithelial neoplasms. The clinical features and optimal surgical management for these lesions have not been defined clearly. The usual presenting symptom is jaundice. These lesions should be considered premalignant and necessitate resection. Sporadic case studies have reported instances of recurrence with local excision. To the authors' knowledge, this study represents the largest collected single series of extrahepatic biliary cystadenomas and reviews previously reported cases.
METHODS
The authors reviewed and reported their institutional experience from 1950 to 1993 in treating seven patients with extrahepatic biliary cystadenomas as well as 19 previously reported cases in the literature.
RESULTS
A strong female predominance (96.3% of patients reviewed) was associated with extrahepatic biliary cystadenomas. Obstructive jaundice was the most common presenting symptom (85%). Abdominal pain occurred in 50% of patients; other symptoms included fever and hemobilia. The most common site of occurrence was the common hepatic duct (32%). Papillary cystadenoma with foci of invasive adenocarcinoma, thus supporting the malignant potential of cystadenomas, occurred in one patient. Local excision from the wall of the bile duct was performed in 18 patients and was associated with 50% recurrence within a mean follow-up of 13 months (range, 4-24 months). No recurrence was reported after formal sleeve resection and bilioenteric reconstruction.
CONCLUSIONS
Extrahepatic biliary cystadenomas can become malignant, and in this study, local surgical excision was associated with a 50% local recurrence rate. Sleeve resection with negative histologic resection margins followed by bilioenteric reconstruction, therefore, is recommended.
Topics: Adenoma, Bile Duct; Adult; Aged; Bile Duct Neoplasms; Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic; Cholangiocarcinoma; Cystadenocarcinoma; Cystadenoma; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary
PubMed: 7487208
DOI: 10.1097/00000658-199511000-00003 -
British Journal of Cancer May 2004High-grade ovarian serous papillary cancer (OSPC) and uterine serous papillary carcinoma (USPC) represent two histologically similar malignancies characterised by... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
High-grade ovarian serous papillary cancer (OSPC) and uterine serous papillary carcinoma (USPC) represent two histologically similar malignancies characterised by markedly different biological behavior and response to chemotherapy. Understanding the molecular basis of these differences may significantly refine differential diagnosis and management, and may lead to the development of novel, more specific and more effective treatment modalities for OSPC and USPC. We used an oligonucleotide microarray with probe sets complementary to >10 000 human genes to determine whether patterns of gene expression may differentiate OSPC from USPC. Hierarchical cluster analysis of gene expression in OSPC and USPC identified 116 genes that exhibited >two-fold differences (P<0.05) and that readily distinguished OSPC from USPC. Plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-2) was the most highly overexpressed gene in OSPC when compared to USPC, while c-erbB2 was the most strikingly overexpressed gene in USPC when compared to OSPC. Overexpression of the c-erbB2 gene and its expression product (i.e., HER-2/neu receptor) was validated by quantitative RT-PCR as well as by flow cytometry on primary USPC and OSPC, respectively. Immunohistochemical staining of serous tumour samples from which primary OSPC and USPC cultures were derived as well as from an independent set of 20 clinical tissue samples (i.e., 10 OSPC and 10 USPC) further confirmed HER-2/neu as a novel molecular diagnostic and therapeutic marker for USPC. Gene expression fingerprints have the potential to predict the anatomical site of tumour origin and readily identify the biologically more aggressive USPC from OSPC. A therapeutic strategy targeting HER-2/neu may be beneficial in patients harbouring chemotherapy-resistant USPC.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Carcinoma, Papillary; Cells, Cultured; Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Flow Cytometry; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Middle Aged; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Ovarian Neoplasms; Receptor, ErbB-2; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Uterine Neoplasms
PubMed: 15208622
DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6601791 -
RNA Biology Nov 2020Non-coding RNAs occupy a significant fraction of the human genome. Their biological significance is backed up by a plethora of emerging evidence. One of the most robust...
Non-coding RNAs occupy a significant fraction of the human genome. Their biological significance is backed up by a plethora of emerging evidence. One of the most robust approaches to demonstrate non-coding RNA's biological relevance is through their prognostic value. Using the rich gene expression data from The Cancer Genome Altas (TCGA), we designed Advanced Expression Survival Analysis (AESA), a web tool which provides several novel survival analysis approaches not offered by previous tools. In addition to the common single-gene approach, AESA computes the gene expression composite score of a set of genes for survival analysis and utilizes permutation test or cross-validation to assess the significance of log-rank statistic and the degree of over-fitting. AESA offers survival feature selection with post-selection inference and utilizes expanded TCGA clinical data including overall, disease-specific, disease-free, and progression-free survival information. Users can analyse either protein-coding or non-coding regions of the transcriptome. We demonstrated the effectiveness of AESA using several empirical examples. Our analyses showed that non-coding RNAs perform as well as messenger RNAs in predicting survival of cancer patients. These results reinforce the potential prognostic value of non-coding RNAs. AESA is developed as a module in the freely accessible analysis suite MutEx. ACC: Adrenocortical Carcinoma (n = 92); BLCA: Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma (n = 412); BRCA: Breast Invasive Carcinoma (n = 1098); CESC: Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Endocervical Adenocarcinoma (n = 307); CHOL: Cholangiocarcinoma (n = 51); COAD: Colon Adenocarcinoma (n = 461); DLBC: Lymphoid Neoplasm Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (n = 58); ESCA: Oesophageal Carcinoma (n = 185); GBM: Glioblastoma Multiforme (n = 617); HNSC: Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (n = 528); KICH: Kidney Chromophobe (n = 113); KIRC: Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (n = 537); KIRP: Kidney Renal Papillary Cell Carcinoma (n = 291); LAML: Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (n = 200); LGG: Brain Lower Grade Glioma (n = 516); LIHC: Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (n = 377); LUAD: Lung Adenocarcinoma (n = 585); LUSC: Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma (n = 504); MESO: Mesothelioma (n = 87); OV: Ovarian Serous Cystadenocarcinoma (n = 608) PAAD: Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma (n = 185); PCPG: Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma (n = 179); PRAD: Prostate Adenocarcinoma (n = 500); READ: Rectum Adenocarcinoma (n = 172); SARC: Sarcoma (n = 261); SKCM: Skin Cutaneous Melanoma (n = 470); STAD: Stomach Adenocarcinoma (n = 443); TGCT: Testicular Germ Cell Tumours (n = 150); THCA: Thyroid Carcinoma (n = 507) THYM: Thymoma (n = 124); UCEC: Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma (n = 560); UCS: Uterine Carcinosarcoma (n = 57); UVM: Uveal Melanoma (n = 80).
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Computational Biology; Databases, Genetic; Gene Expression Profiling; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Neoplasms; Prognosis; RNA, Long Noncoding; RNA, Untranslated
PubMed: 31607216
DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2019.1679585 -
Head and Neck Pathology Dec 2021Low-grade intraductal carcinoma is a rare neoplasia with an excellent prognosis, previously classified as low-grade cribriform cystadenocarcinoma and low-grade salivary... (Review)
Review
Low-grade intraductal carcinoma is a rare neoplasia with an excellent prognosis, previously classified as low-grade cribriform cystadenocarcinoma and low-grade salivary duct carcinoma. The tumor mainly occurs in the parotid gland and presents a ductal phenotype and an intraductal/intracystic growth pattern. It resembles intraductal breast lesions such as atypical ductal hyperplasia, papillary and cribriform ductal carcinoma in situ. Despite its infrequency, discriminating low-grade intraductal carcinoma from other salivary gland tumors is crucial, especially because of its favorable prognosis. A 74-year-old woman with a history of neurofibromatosis underwent a superficial parotidectomy to remove a sharply demarcated multi-cystic mass, diagnosed as category 4 at FNAC. The histological examination revealed a demarcated but unencapsulated lesion composed of a bigger cyst surrounded by several smaller cysts, lined by a monolayer or bilayer epithelium alternated with a cribriform proliferation, characterized by "Roman-bridges", with occasional micro-papillae. A myoepithelial component, with a basal disposition, was present, confirmed by intense staining for protein p63 and SMA. Immunohistochemical stains showed intense, strong uniform positivity for pan-cytokeratin, protein S100, and SOX10. The Ki67 proliferation index was low (< 10%). A diagnosis of Low-grade Intraductal Carcinoma (LGIC) of the parotid was made. We performed a literature search in PUBMED for "Intraductal carcinoma", "Low-grade Intraductal Carcinoma", "Cribriform Cystadenocarcinoma", "Salivary Duct Carcinoma", and "Low-Grade Salivary Duct Carcinoma". We selected 17 papers published between 1983 and 2020; the most affected anatomical site was the parotid gland (77/90), followed by minor salivary glands (6/90), the intraparotid lymph nodes (3/90) and the submandibular gland (4/90). Their main histopathological features are reported in the paper. Here we present a case report and a review of scientific literature on this topic to provide some essential diagnostic tools to discriminate this rare entity.
Topics: Aged; Biomarkers, Tumor; Biopsy, Fine-Needle; Carcinoma, Ductal; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Neoplasm Grading; Parotid Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 33501556
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-021-01290-z -
Computational and Structural... 2022Tumor necrosis factor-α-inducible protein 8-like 2 (TIPE2) is encoded by TNFAIP8L2 and is a newly identified negative regulator of natural and acquired immunity that...
Tumor necrosis factor-α-inducible protein 8-like 2 (TIPE2) is encoded by TNFAIP8L2 and is a newly identified negative regulator of natural and acquired immunity that plays a critical function in maintaining immune homeostasis. Recently, CAR-NK immune cell therapy has been a focus of major research efforts as a novel cancer therapeutic strategy. TIPE2 is a potential checkpoint molecule for immune cell maturation and antitumor immunity that could be used as a novel NK cell-based immunotherapeutic approach. In this study, we explored the expression of TNFAIP8L2 across various tumor types and found that TNFAIP8L2 was highly expressed in most tumor types and correlated with prognosis. Survival analysis showed that TNFAIP8L2 expression was predictive of improved survival in cervical-squamous-cell-carcinoma (CESC), sarcoma (SARC) and skin-cutaneous-melanoma (SKCM). Conversely, TNFAIP8L2 expression predicted poorer survival in acute myeloid leukemia (LAML), lower-grade-glioma (LGG), kidney-renal-clear-cell-carcinoma (KIRC) and uveal-melanoma (UVM). Analysis of stemness features and immune cell infiltration indicated that TNFAIP8L2 was significantly associated with cancer stem cell index and increased macrophage and dendritic cell infiltration. Our data suggest that TNFAIP8L2 may be a novel immune checkpoint biomarker across different tumor types, particularly in LAML, LGG, KIRC and UVM, and may have further utility as a potential target for immunotherapy.
PubMed: 36187930
DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.09.021 -
Modern Pathology : An Official Journal... Feb 2007Although cystic tumors of the pancreas are relatively rare, they constitute an increasingly important category. Advances in imaging and interventional techniques and the...
Although cystic tumors of the pancreas are relatively rare, they constitute an increasingly important category. Advances in imaging and interventional techniques and the sharp drop in the mortality rate of pancreatic surgery have rendered pancreatic biopsies and resections commonplace specimens. Consequently, in the past two decades, the nature of many cystic tumors in this organ has been better characterized. The names of some existing entities were revised; for example, what was known as papillary-cystic tumor is now regarded as solid-pseudopapillary tumor. New entities, in particular, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and its variants, such as oncocytic and intestinal subtypes were recognized. The importance of clinical and pathologic correlation in the evaluation of these lesions was appreciated, in particular, with regards to the multifocality of these lesions, their association with invasive carcinomas, and thus their 'preinvasive' nature. Consensus criteria for the distinction of these from the ordinary precursors of adenocarcinoma, the pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia, were established. The definition of mucinous cystic neoplasms was refined; ovarian-like stroma has now become almost a requirement for the diagnosis of mucinous cystic neoplasia, and defined as such, the propensity of these tumors to occur in perimenopausal women became even more striking. The validity and clinical value of classifying the pancreatic cysts of mucinous type as adenoma, borderline, CIS and invasive have been established. Related to this, the importance of thorough sampling in accurate classification of these mucinous lesions was recognized. Greater accessibility of the pancreas afforded by improved invasive as well as noninvasive modalities has also increased the detection of otherwise clinically silent cystic tumors, which has led to the recognition of more innocuous entities such as acinar cell cystadenoma and squamoid cyst of pancreatic ducts. As the significance of the cystic lesions emerged, cystic forms of otherwise typically solid tumors were also better characterized. Thus, significant developments have taken place in the classification and our understanding of pancreatic cystic tumors in the past few years, and experience with these lesions is likely to grow exponentially in the coming years.
Topics: Adenoma; Carcinoma in Situ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Mucinous; Cystadenocarcinoma, Papillary; Humans; Pancreas; Pancreatic Ducts; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pancreatic Pseudocyst; Precancerous Conditions
PubMed: 17486054
DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.3800706