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Frontiers in Public Health 2023(), a Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium, exhibits colonization tendencies on oral mucosal and skin surfaces, potentially evolving into a pathogenic entity associated... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
(), a Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium, exhibits colonization tendencies on oral mucosal and skin surfaces, potentially evolving into a pathogenic entity associated with diverse diseases. The diagnostic trajectory for -related diseases encounters delays, often with severe consequences, including fatality, attributed to the absence of symptom specificity and challenges in culture. The absence of a consensus on the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to exacerbates the complexity of addressing associated conditions. This study aims to elucidate and scrutinize the clinical manifestations linked to , drawing insights from an extensive literature review of pertinent case reports.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 53-year-old male sought medical attention at our institution presenting with recurrent hemoptysis. Empirical treatment was initiated while awaiting pathogen culture results; however, the patient's symptoms persisted. Subsequent metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) analysis revealed a pulmonary infection attributable to . Resolution of symptoms occurred following treatment with piperacillin sulbactam sodium and moxifloxacin hydrochloride. A comprehensive literature review, utilizing the PubMed database, was conducted to assess case reports over the last decade where was identified as the causative agent.
CONCLUSION
The literature analysis underscores the predilection of for immunocompromised populations afflicted by cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, orthopedic conditions, and tumors. Risk factors, including oral and periodontal hygiene, smoking, and alcohol consumption, were found to be associated with infections. Clinical manifestations encompassed fever, cough, sputum production, and back pain, potentially leading to severe outcomes such as Spondylodiscitis, septic arthritis, lung abscess, bacteremia, sepsis, and mortality. While conventional bacterial culture remains the primary diagnostic tool, emerging technologies like mNGS offer alternative considerations. In terms of treatment modalities, β-lactam antibiotics and nitroimidazoles predominated, exhibiting recovery rates of 56.10% (46/82) and 23.17% (19/82), respectively. This case report and literature review collectively aim to enhance awareness among clinicians and laboratory medicine professionals regarding the intricacies of -associated infections.
Topics: Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Base Composition; Firmicutes; Hemoptysis; Phylogeny; Piperacillin; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections
PubMed: 38389952
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1307902 -
Journal of Orthopaedic Case Reports 2018Treatment and risk factors for Parvimonas micra spinal infections are scarcely researched. This study reports a case and presents a systematic review of the literature...
INTRODUCTION
Treatment and risk factors for Parvimonas micra spinal infections are scarcely researched. This study reports a case and presents a systematic review of the literature to provide evidence-based ground for diagnosis and treatment of P. micra spinal infections.
CASE REPORT
This is a case of a 78-year-old male with severe back and leg pain. Advanced imaging demonstrated the destruction of L2-L3 with an extensive fluid collection in the remaining intervertebral space, paravertebral myositis, and multiple abscesses. A decompression of L2 and L3 and a posterior spondylodesis from T12 to L5 was performed. Intraoperative cultures showed P. micra. The postoperative treatment consisted of intravenous penicillin for 2 weeks and subsequent oral clindamycin for 4 weeks. At 1-year follow-up, the patient was in good health and reported only occasional back pain.
CONCLUSIONS
A total of 15 additional cases of P. micraspinal infections were identified. The antibiotic treatment showed a great variety in the treated patients. Nevertheless, the outcome of these patients was good concerning relapse of the infection and pain. Spinal infections caused by P. micra are rare, but can be successfully treated according to the guidelines for spinal infection.
PubMed: 30740380
DOI: 10.13107/jocr.2250-0685.1216 -
Respirology Case Reports Jun 2023commonly present in the oral cavity and intestinal tract of humans. indicating a high virulence, has the potential of forming abscess. The infection of may require...
commonly present in the oral cavity and intestinal tract of humans. indicating a high virulence, has the potential of forming abscess. The infection of may require surgical excision.
PubMed: 37206157
DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.1161 -
Cureus Aug 2022We report a case of a 76-year-old Caucasian male with bacteremia caused by and splenic abscess caused by This patient presented with nonspecific symptoms: fever,...
We report a case of a 76-year-old Caucasian male with bacteremia caused by and splenic abscess caused by This patient presented with nonspecific symptoms: fever, chills, body aches, and shortness of breath. He was treated with IV piperacillin-tazobactam that was later switched to ampicillin sodium/sulbactam sodium during his hospital course and underwent a splenectomy. He ultimately expired due to acute respiratory failure and cardiac arrest, secondary to post-surgical complications. To our knowledge, this is the first case of and coinfection.
PubMed: 36127960
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28103 -
European Review For Medical and... Jul 2018To evaluate the effect of dltA-deficient mutant on the bacterial growth and biofilm formation by P. micra ATCC 33270. Parvimonas micra contributes to many human...
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of dltA-deficient mutant on the bacterial growth and biofilm formation by P. micra ATCC 33270. Parvimonas micra contributes to many human polymicrobial infections, and is common in dental plaque biofilms of patients with periodontal and endodontic conditions. Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) performs several functions in gram-positive bacteria, including maintenance of cationic homeostasis and modulation of autolytic activities. The activation of dltA gene expression protects LTA expressing gram-positive bacteria from innate immune anti-microbial defense.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Deficient mutant of the dltA gene was created from P. micra ATCC 33270 by homologous recombination. Colony-forming units (CFUs) and turbidity helped estimate the growth of P. micra. Crystal violet staining, Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy (CSLM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) evaluated biofilm mass and structure.
RESULTS
P. micra ATCC 33270 with dltA-deficient mutant was successfully established. CFUs of the wild-type strains were significantly higher than that of the dltA-deficient mutant strains after 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 7 d culture (all p < 0.05). The growth rate of dltA-deficient mutant strains was significantly lower than their wild-type counterparts. Furthermore, crystal violet staining showed that the dltA mutant formed significantly less biofilm as compared to wild-type strains. The dltA-deficient mutant synthesized a thin and incomplete biofilm after incubation for 48 h. With increasing incubation time, all biofilm units were seen to shrink, and this structure almost disappeared after 7 days of culture as observed by CSLM and SEM.
CONCLUSIONS
The dltA gene is associated with bacterial growth and biofilm formation by P. micra ATCC 33270.
Topics: Biofilms; Dental Plaque; Humans; Lipopolysaccharides; Teichoic Acids
PubMed: 30024592
DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201807_15390 -
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology... Apr 2019Anaerobic infections have been reported to be responsible for 3-10% of pyogenic liver abscesses in Korea, and reported anaerobes include , , and . is an anaerobic,...
Anaerobic infections have been reported to be responsible for 3-10% of pyogenic liver abscesses in Korea, and reported anaerobes include , , and . is an anaerobic, Gram-positive, non-spore-forming bacterial species and a constituent of normal flora on skin, vagina, gastrointestinal tract, and oral cavity that can cause opportunistic infections. However, it has only rarely been reported to be a cause of liver abscess; only one such case has been reported in Korea. We experienced a case of concomitant liver and brain abscesses caused by in a non-immunodeficient 65-year-old female patient without diabetes or periodontal disease. infection was confirmed by blood culture using VITEK 2 cards and by bacterial 16s ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. We conclude that we should not overlook anaerobes as a cause of liver abscess.
Topics: Abdomen; Aged; Brain Abscess; Female; Firmicutes; Humans; Liver Abscess, Pyogenic; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 31030461
DOI: 10.4166/kjg.2019.73.4.230 -
Frontiers in Oncology 2021Up to now, non-invasive diagnosis of laterally spreading tumor (LST) and prediction of adenoma recurrence after endoscopic resection of LSTs is inevitable. This study...
OBJECTIVE
Up to now, non-invasive diagnosis of laterally spreading tumor (LST) and prediction of adenoma recurrence after endoscopic resection of LSTs is inevitable. This study aimed to identify a microbial signature with clinical significance of diagnosing LSTs and predicting adenoma recurrence after LSTs colectomy.
METHODS
We performed 16S rRNA sequencing in 24 mucosal samples, including 5 healthy controls (HC), 8 colorectal adenoma (CRA) patients, and 11 LST patients. The differentiating microbiota in fecal samples was quantified by qPCR in 475 cases with 113 HC, 208 CRA patients, 109 LST patients, and 45 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. We identified differentially abundant taxa among cases and controls using linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis. ROC curve was used to evaluate diagnostic values of the bacterial candidates. Pairwise comparison of AUCs was performed by using the Delong's test. The Mantel-Haenszel hazard models were performed to determine the effects of microbial compositions on recurrence free survival.
RESULTS
The microbial dysbiosis of LST was characterized by relative high abundance of the genus Lactobacillus-Streptococcus and the species enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF)-Peptostreptococcus stomatis (P. stomatis)-Parvimonas micra (P. micra). The abundance of ETBF, P. stomatis, and P. micra were steadily increasing in LST and CRC groups. P. stomatis behaved stronger value on diagnosing LST than the other two bacteria (AUC 0.887, 95% CI 0.842-0.931). The combination of P. stomatis, P. micra, and ETBF (AUC 0.922, 95% CI 0.887-0.958) revealed strongest diagnostic power with 88.7% sensitivity and 81.4% specificity. ETBF, P. stomatis, and P. micra were associated with malignant LST (P = 0.0015, P = 0.0255, P = 0.0169) and the abundance of IL-6. The high abundance of P. stomatis was related to the adenoma recurrence after LST resection (HR = 3.88, P = 0.008).
CONCLUSIONS
Fecal microbiome signature (--) can diagnose LSTs with high accuracy. , , and were related to malignant LST and exhibited high predictive value on the adenoma recurrence after resection of LSTs. The fecal microbiome signature of LST may provide a noninvasive alternative to early detect LST and predict the adenoma recurrence risk after resections of LSTs.
PubMed: 34046355
DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.661048 -
Cancers Nov 2022Increasing evidence suggests that the gut microbiota may impact colorectal cancer (CRC) development and progression. In this study, the tumour colonisation of two...
Increasing evidence suggests that the gut microbiota may impact colorectal cancer (CRC) development and progression. In this study, the tumour colonisation of two CRC-associated bacteria, and , was studied in relation to patient survival in a cohort of 257 CRC patients. Colonisation of and was analysed in fresh frozen tumour tissue (n = 112) and in faeces (n = 250) by qPCR. When analysing tumour tissues, both and were found to be associated with decreased five-year cancer-specific survival, an association that remained significant in multivariable analysis for . Furthermore, we found significant associations of high levels of and with tumour molecular characteristics, i.e., tumours mutated in , and tumours of the MSI subtype. The analysis of faecal samples showed weaker associations with prognosis and tumour molecular characteristics. In conclusion, our findings support a novel association of tumour colonisation of with decreased patient survival. A better understanding of the role of the gut microbiota in CRC might contribute to the advancement of prognostic tools and new targets for therapy.
PubMed: 36497419
DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235937 -
Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy : CII Oct 2022The importance of the tumour microbiome in different aspects of colorectal cancer (CRC) has been increasingly recognised, but many questions remain. The aim of this...
The importance of the tumour microbiome in different aspects of colorectal cancer (CRC) has been increasingly recognised, but many questions remain. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of specific CRC associated microbes on the tumour immune response, which has a considerable prognostic value in CRC. We applied specific qPCR to detect Parvimonas micra and Fusobacterium nucleatum in tumour tissues from an immunologically well-characterised cohort of 69 CRC patients. This cohort included detailed analyses of immune profiles based on flow cytometry and transcriptomics in tumour tissue and blood, along with comprehensive analyses of molecular subtypes. P. micra and F. nucleatum were detected in 24% and 64% of tumour tissues, respectively. We found a significant association of P. micra with high-grade tumours and tumours of CMS1 subtype. F. nucleatum was significantly associated with right-sided tumours, microsatellite instability, and CMS1 tumours. The immunological analyses revealed significant associations of P. micra with activated CD69 T lymphocytes and increased antigen-presenting HLA-DR B lymphocytes. P. micra was also positively associated with M1 and M2 macrophage traits. The impact of P. micra tumour colonisation on the immune response was further assessed using transcriptomics in validation of our findings. No associations were found between F. nucleatum and immune profiles in this study. Our findings support novel associations between P. micra and the immune response in CRC. A better understanding of these interactions might help to identify important predictive and prognostic tools as well as new targets for therapy.
Topics: Colorectal Neoplasms; Firmicutes; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Humans; Microsatellite Instability
PubMed: 35301576
DOI: 10.1007/s00262-022-03179-4 -
Revista Espanola de Quimioterapia :... Aug 2017The clinical and microbiological characteristics of infections caused by Parvimonas micra is described, including 30 cases in the literature and a new case handled at... (Review)
Review
The clinical and microbiological characteristics of infections caused by Parvimonas micra is described, including 30 cases in the literature and a new case handled at the present centre. Out of the 31 patients, 18 were male; mean age at diagnosis was 65.1 ± 13.0 years. Infection site was the vertebral spine in 14 patients and joints and heart valves in 5 each one; pain was present in all patients with articular localization and in almost all patients with vertebral involvement. The diagnosis was obtained from fluid aspirate or drainage in 13 cases and blood cultures in 11. In 8 cases, molecular techniques were also applied. The most frequently used antimicrobials were clindamycin, penicillin, amoxicillin and ceftriaxone. The outcome was positive with the medical treatment in 28 patients. P. micra infections are uncommon and requires a high index of suspicion.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Female; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Peptostreptococcus; Pleural Effusion; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 28537064
DOI: No ID Found