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Microorganisms Aug 2023Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of mortality worldwide. Considerable evidence indicates that dysbiosis of the gut microbial community... (Review)
Review
Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of mortality worldwide. Considerable evidence indicates that dysbiosis of the gut microbial community and its metabolite secretions play a fundamental role in advanced adenoma (ADA) and CRC development and progression. This study is a systematic review that aims to assess the clinical association between gut microbial markers and/or gut and circulating metabolites with ADA and CRC. Five electronic databases were searched by four independent reviewers. Only controlled trials that compared ADA and/or CRC with healthy control (HC) using either untargeted (16s rRNA gene or whole genome sequencing) or targeted (gene-based real-time PCR) identification methods for gut microbiome profile, or untargeted or targeted metabolite profiling approaches from the gut or serum/plasma, were eligible. Three independent reviewers evaluated the quality of the studies using the . Twenty-four studies were eligible. We identified strong evidence of two microbial markers and for ADA vs. CRC, and nine microbial markers -Lachnoclostridium, -Ruminococcus, spp., , Enterobacteriaceae, spp., Bacteroides, -, spp.-, , and for CRC vs. HC. The remaining metabolite marker evidence between the various groups, including ADA vs. HC, ADA vs. HC, and CRC vs. HC, was not of sufficient quality to support additional findings. The identified gut microbial markers can be used in a panel for diagnosing ADA and/or CRC. Further research in the metabolite markers area is needed to evaluate the possibility to use in diagnostic or prognostic markers for colorectal cancer.
PubMed: 37630597
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082037 -
Molecular Oncology May 2024Oral and intestinal samples from a cohort of 93 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and 30 healthy controls (non-CRC) were collected for microbiome analysis. Saliva (28...
Oral and intestinal samples from a cohort of 93 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and 30 healthy controls (non-CRC) were collected for microbiome analysis. Saliva (28 non-CRC and 94 CRC), feces (30 non-CRC and 97 CRC), subgingival fluid (20 CRC), and tumor tissue samples (20 CRC) were used for 16S metabarcoding and/or RNA sequencing (RNAseq) approaches. A differential analysis of the abundance, performed with the ANCOM-BC package, adjusting the P-values by the Holm-Bonferroni method, revealed that Parvimonas was significantly over-represented in feces from CRC patients (P-value < 0.001) compared to healthy controls. A total of 11 Parvimonas micra isolates were obtained from the oral cavity and adenocarcinoma of CRC patients. Genome analysis identified a pair of isolates from the same patient that shared 99.2% identity, demonstrating that P. micra can translocate from the subgingival cavity to the gut. The data suggest that P. micra could migrate in a synergistic consortium with other periodontal bacteria. Metatranscriptomics confirmed that oral bacteria were more active in tumor than in non-neoplastic tissues. We suggest that P. micra could be considered as a CRC biomarker detected in non-invasive samples such as feces.
Topics: Humans; Colorectal Neoplasms; Male; Female; Adenocarcinoma; Middle Aged; Aged; Mouth; Feces; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Gingiva; Saliva; Peptostreptococcus; Firmicutes
PubMed: 37558206
DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13506 -
Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban =... Dec 2023Spinal infection caused by () is a rare infection. The characteristic imageology includes spondylodiscitis, spondylitis, paravertebral abscess, and epidural abscess.... (Review)
Review
Spinal infection caused by () is a rare infection. The characteristic imageology includes spondylodiscitis, spondylitis, paravertebral abscess, and epidural abscess. One case of spondylodiscitis of lumbar complicated with spinal epidural abscess caused by was admitted to the Department of Spinal Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University on February, 2023. This case is a 60 years old man with lower back pain and left lower limb numbness. MRI showed spondylitis, spondylodiscitis, and epidural abscess. The patient underwent debridement, decompression and fusion surgery. The culture of surgical sample was negative. was detected by metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). The postoperative antibiotic treatment included intravenous infusion of linezolid and piperacillin for 1 week, then intravenous infusion of ceftazidime and oral metronidazole for 2 weeks, followed by oral metronidazole and nerofloxacin for 2 weeks. During the follow-up, the lower back pain and left lower limb numbness was complete remission. Spinal infection caused by is extremely rare, when the culture is negative, mNGS can help the final diagnosis.
Topics: Male; Humans; Middle Aged; Discitis; Epidural Abscess; Low Back Pain; Hypesthesia; Metronidazole; Spondylitis; Firmicutes
PubMed: 38448387
DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2023.230139 -
Oncology Letters Oct 2020() is reported to be associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). However, its association with colorectal adenoma (CRA) and its role in the initiation of colorectal tumors...
() is reported to be associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). However, its association with colorectal adenoma (CRA) and its role in the initiation of colorectal tumors remain unknown. The present study aimed to clarify the relationship between and CRA and CRC by exploring the changes of abundance in an adenoma-carcinoma sequence in a new cohort and 4 public sequencing datasets. To investigate the alterations of abundance in the gut along the adenoma-carcinoma sequence, quantitative PCR (qPCR) was conducted to measure the relative abundance of in fecal samples from 277 subjects (128 patients with CRA, 66 patients with CRC and 83 healthy individuals, as controls) who underwent colonoscopy as outpatients. Then, the relative abundance of was analyzed in fecal samples from 596 subjects (185 healthy controls, 158 CRC, 253 CRA) in four public 16S rRNA sequencing datasets. The qPCR results demonstrated that the CRA group had an abundance of (P=0.2) similar to that of the healthy control group, while the CRC group had a significantly increased abundance (P=8.2×10). The level of effectively discriminated patients with CRC from healthy controls, while it poorly discriminated patients with CRA from healthy controls; with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.867 for patients with CRC and 0.554 for patients with CRA. The same pattern of the alteration of abundance, which was low in healthy controls and patients with CRA but elevated in patients with CRC, was found in all four public sequencing datasets. These results suggested that was closely associated with, and may serve as a diagnostic marker for, CRC but not CRA. Moreover, it was indicated that may be an opportunistic pathogen of CRC, which may promote CRC development but serve a limited role in tumorigenesis.
PubMed: 32831925
DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11967 -
Frontiers in Public Health 2022is a type of Gram-positive anaerobic cocci widely distributed in the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, and female reproductive system mucosa. It...
is a type of Gram-positive anaerobic cocci widely distributed in the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract, and female reproductive system mucosa. It is a conditional pathogen that can cause infections in the human oral cavity, wounds, and other areas as well as sepsis. In this case report, the patient's immune system was compromised by various underlying diseases and a pulmonary infection, which led to the entry of infection into the bloodstream. is a slow-growing organism (When a bloodstream infection occurs, flagging an anaerobic bottle of blood culture as positive will usually take >48 h), which makes it hard to secure timely blood culture results. Our patient's poor physical condition eventually led to sepsis, and she died after 5 days in the hospital.
Topics: Female; Firmicutes; Humans; Sepsis
PubMed: 36203671
DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.994279 -
Frontiers in Genetics 2021The gut microbiome is dynamic and shaped by diet, age, geography, and environment. The disruption of normal gut microbiota (dysbiosis) is closely related to colorectal...
The gut microbiome is dynamic and shaped by diet, age, geography, and environment. The disruption of normal gut microbiota (dysbiosis) is closely related to colorectal cancer (CRC) risk and progression. To better identify and characterize CRC-associated dysbiosis, we collected six independent cohorts with matched normal pairs (when available) for comparison and exploration of the microbiota and their interactions with the host. Comparing the microbial community compositions between cancerous and adjacent noncancerous tissues, we found that more microbes were depleted than enriched in tumors. Despite taxonomic variations among cohorts, consistent depletion of normal microbiota (members of and ) and significant enrichment of oral-originated pathogens (such as and ) observed in CRC compared to normal tissues. Sets of hub and hub-connecting microbes were subsequently identified to infer microbe-microbe interaction networks in CRC. Furthermore, biclustering was used for identifying coherent patterns between patients and microbes. Two patient-microbe interaction patterns, named P0 and P1, can be consistently identified among the investigated six CRC cohorts. Characterization of the microbial community composition of the two patterns revealed that patients in P0 and P1 differed significantly in microbial alpha and beta diversity, and CRC-associated microbiota changes consist of continuous populations of widespread taxa rather than discrete enterotypes. In contrast to the P0, the patients in P1 have reduced microbial alpha diversity compared to the adjacent normal tissues, and P1 possesses more oral-related pathogens than P0 and controls. Collectively, our study investigated the CRC-associated microbiome changes, and identified reproducible microbial signatures across multiple independent cohorts. More importantly, we revealed that the CRC heterogeneity can be partially attributed to the variety and compositional differences of microbes and their interactions to humans.
PubMed: 35003221
DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.787176 -
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan) Jan 2024Sternoclavicular septic arthritis is a rare form of septic arthritis that can lead to fatal complications, such as abscess formation and mediastinitis, in the absence of...
Sternoclavicular septic arthritis is a rare form of septic arthritis that can lead to fatal complications, such as abscess formation and mediastinitis, in the absence of prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment. A man in his 40s presented with pain in the right sternoclavicular joint area, and after a joint injection of steroids was administered, he was diagnosed with septic sternoclavicular arthritis caused by Parvimonas micra and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Gram staining of a specimen obtained from the abscess formation area led to early suspicion of anaerobic infection, and appropriate antibiotics were administered.
Topics: Male; Humans; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Abscess; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Arthritis, Infectious; Sternoclavicular Joint; Firmicutes
PubMed: 37197959
DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.1563-23 -
Revista Espanola de Enfermedades... Feb 2023Liver abscesses are an entity that sets out a diagnostic challenge with a severe clinical course and non-negligible mortality. Their origin is usually bacterial (>80%),...
Liver abscesses are an entity that sets out a diagnostic challenge with a severe clinical course and non-negligible mortality. Their origin is usually bacterial (>80%), parasitic, mixed or, more rarely, fungal. We present the case report of a 45-year-old man, native of Ghana, with no relevant medical-surgical history, was admitted for septic shock with multiple organ dysfuntion syndrome. Complementary imaging tests revealed a liver abscess in segments IV and VII measuring 60x45x54 mm, so antibiotic treatment with piperacillin-tazobactam was started and a pigtail drainage was placed. In blood cultures, the microorganism parvimonas micra (anaerobic gram-positive cocci) was isolated with high degree of sensitivity rates to penicillin, clindamycin and metronidazole. Treatment was de-escalated to clindamycin until completing 4 weeks of intravenous treatment. Control CT showed a decrease in the size of the abscess and pigtail drainage was removed.
Topics: Male; Humans; Middle Aged; Clindamycin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Firmicutes; Liver Abscess
PubMed: 35315681
DOI: 10.17235/reed.2022.8751/2022 -
International Journal of Infectious... Jun 2014Spondylodiscitis caused by Parvimonas micra, a rarely reported infection, might be under-detected using conventional methods. This report of the detection and treatment... (Review)
Review
Spondylodiscitis caused by Parvimonas micra, a rarely reported infection, might be under-detected using conventional methods. This report of the detection and treatment of two cases of spondylodiscitis due to P. micra and review of the literature indicates that the use of gene sequencing methods might improve the accuracy of diagnosing this infection.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Databases, Factual; Discitis; Female; Fusobacterium nucleatum; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Positive Cocci; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 24680818
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2014.02.007 -
BMC Infectious Diseases Jul 2022Campylobacter rectus is a gram-negative rod, and Parvimonas micra is a gram-positive coccus, both of which are oral anaerobes that cause chronic periodontitis. Chronic...
Femoral osteomyelitis caused by oral anaerobic bacteria with mixed bacteremia of Campylobacter rectus and Parvimonas micra in a chronic periodontitis patient: a case report.
BACKGROUND
Campylobacter rectus is a gram-negative rod, and Parvimonas micra is a gram-positive coccus, both of which are oral anaerobes that cause chronic periodontitis. Chronic periodontitis can cause bacteremia and systemic diseases, including osteomyelitis. Hematogenous osteomyelitis caused by anaerobic bacteria is uncommon, and to date, there have been no reports of mixed bacteremia with C. rectus and P. micra. Here, we report the first case of osteomyelitis of the femur caused by anaerobic bacteria with mixed bacteremia of C. rectus and P. micra caused by chronic periodontitis.
CASE PRESENTATION
A 75-year-old man with chronic periodontitis, hyperuricemia, and benign prostatic hyperplasia was admitted to the hospital with a fracture of the left femur. The patient had left thigh pain for 4 weeks prior to admission. Left femoral intramedullary nail fixation was performed, and a large amount of abscess and necrotic tissue was found intraoperatively. The cultures of abscess specimens were identified as P. micra, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and C. rectus. C. rectus and P. micra were also isolated from blood cultures. C. rectus was identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and 16 S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Sulbactam-ampicillin was administered for approximately 1 month, after which it was replaced by oral clavulanic acid-amoxicillin for long-term suppressive treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
Only five cases of bloodstream infection with C. rectus have been reported, and this is the first report of mixed bacteremia with P. micra. Clinicians should consider that chronic periodontitis caused by rare oral anaerobic bacteria can cause systemic infections, such as osteomyelitis.
Topics: Abscess; Aged; Bacteremia; Bacteria, Anaerobic; Campylobacter rectus; Chronic Periodontitis; Femur; Firmicutes; Humans; Male; Osteomyelitis; Peptostreptococcus
PubMed: 35836203
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07573-2