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The Journal of Sexual Medicine Jan 2014Investigating the ways in which barrier methods such as condoms may affect penile sensory thresholds has potential relevance to the development of interventions in men...
INTRODUCTION
Investigating the ways in which barrier methods such as condoms may affect penile sensory thresholds has potential relevance to the development of interventions in men who experience negative effects of condoms on sexual response and sensation. A quantitative, psychophysiological investigation examining the degree to which sensations are altered by condoms has, to date, not been conducted.
AIM
The objective of this study was to examine penile vibrotactile sensitivity thresholds in both flaccid and erect penises with and without a condom while comparing men who do and those who do not report condom-associated erection problems (CAEP).
METHODS
Penile vibrotactile sensitivity thresholds were assessed among a total of 141 young, heterosexual men using biothesiometry. An incremental two-step staircase method was used and repeated three times for each of four conditions. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated for all vibratory assessments. Penile vibratory thresholds were compared using a mixed-model analysis of variance.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Penile vibrotactile sensitivity thresholds with and without a condom, erectile function measured by International Index of Erectile Function Questionnaire, and self-reported degree of erection.
RESULTS
Significant main effects of condoms (yes/no) and erection (yes/no) were found. No main or interaction effects of CAEP were found. Condoms were associated with higher penile vibrotactile sensitivity thresholds (F[1,124] = 17.11, P < 0.001). Penile vibrotactile thresholds were higher with an erect penis than with a flaccid penis (F[1,124] = 4.21, P = 0.042).
CONCLUSION
The current study demonstrates the feasibility of measuring penile vibratory thresholds with and without a condom in both erect and flaccid experimental conditions. As might be expected, condoms increased penile vibrotactile sensitivity thresholds. Interestingly, erections were associated with the highest thresholds. Thus, this study was the first to document that erect penises are less sensitive to vibrotactile stimulation than flaccid penises.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Condoms; Heterosexuality; Humans; Male; Penile Erection; Penis; Sensation; Sensory Thresholds; Sexual Behavior; Vibration; Young Adult
PubMed: 24168347
DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12362 -
Journal of Pediatric Urology Feb 2016Congenital ventral penile curvature without hypospadias is often treated surgically in childhood. The history of untreated ventral curvature is unknown.
INTRODUCTION
Congenital ventral penile curvature without hypospadias is often treated surgically in childhood. The history of untreated ventral curvature is unknown.
OBJECTIVE
This study's aim was to examine the association of untreated ventral penile curvature with various sexual and psychosexual outcomes.
STUDY DESIGN
An electronic survey was advertised to men older than 18 years on Facebook. Men with possible ventral penile curvature identified themselves by choosing sketches that most closely represented their anatomy. Outcomes assessed included: Sexual Health Inventory for Men, difficulty of intercourse because of curvature, International Prostate Symptom Score, Penile Perception Score, psychosexual milestones, paternity, infertility, sitting to urinate, and the CDC HRQOL-4 module.
RESULTS
Among participants, 81 out of 684 men (11.8%) reported untreated ventral penile curvature. Participants with self-reported curvature noted more difficulty with intercourse because of curvature (4.5 vs 4.9, p < 0.001), more unhealthy mental days (8.6 vs 6.2, p = 0.02), and increased dissatisfaction with penile self-perception compared with men without reported curvature (8.6 vs 9.5, p < 0.001).
DISCUSSION
Men with possible untreated ventral curvature reported worse penile perception scores, more mentally unhealthy days, and increased difficulty with intercourse secondary to curvature compared with men without curvature. A limitation to this study is selection bias; responses collected were self-reported from survey volunteers. Additionally, the question identifying ventral penile curvature is not validated but performed well in pretesting. Most questions were from validated surveys, but some were modeled after validated surveys and/or contained high face validity types of questions.
CONCLUSION
Men with possible untreated ventral penile curvature reported more dissatisfaction with penile appearance, increased difficulty with intercourse, and more unhealthy mental days. Given high success rates, low complications, and improved outcomes after surgical correction of penile curvature reported in the literature, our results support correction of congenital penile curvature in childhood.
Topics: Adult; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hypospadias; Male; Penile Erection; Penis; Retrospective Studies; Self Concept; Self Report; Sexuality; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 26776946
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2015.09.009 -
International Braz J Urol : Official... 2011To evaluate the change in penile size r bilateral nerve sparing retropubic radical prostatectomy (BNSRRP) and possible effect of Tadalafil. (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the change in penile size r bilateral nerve sparing retropubic radical prostatectomy (BNSRRP) and possible effect of Tadalafil.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 65 patients underwent BNSRRP and they were evaluated prospectively for a whole year of follow-up. The patients were randomized to control without rehabilitation (Group 1) or Tadalafil rehabilitation group (Group 2). The patients were evaluated at months 3, 6 and 12 postoperatively for erectile function, penile measurements (flaccid penile length, penile length at maximum erection, penile circumference at flaccid status, and penile circumference at maximum erection), penile abnormalities and general health status. Statistical analysis was performed by Chi-Square test and significance was defined as p value < 0.05.
RESULTS
In Group 1 there was significant decrease in penile measurements at month 3 compared to preoperative measurements. There was decrease in all parameters at month 6 compared to month 3 but only the decrease in penile length at maximum erection was significant. There were no significant differences between postoperative months 6 and 12 for all measurements. In Group 2 there was a tendency to decrease in all measurements at month 3 compared to baseline. There was no significant difference for penile measurements between postoperative 3rd and 6th months and between 6th month and the first year.
CONCLUSION
Although further large sampled trials are needed to describe the possible positive effect of tadalafil or other PDE5-I 's on penile size after BNSRRP, tadalafil rehabilitation is effective in preserving penile size especially in the early postoperative period after BNSRRP.
Topics: Carbolines; Chi-Square Distribution; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Organ Size; Organ Sparing Treatments; Penile Erection; Penis; Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors; Prospective Studies; Prostatectomy; Tadalafil; Time Factors
PubMed: 21756381
DOI: 10.1590/s1677-55382011000300007 -
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology... Dec 2002In retrospect, basic research in the fields of NO and cyclic GMP during the past two decades appears to have followed a logical course beginning with the findings that... (Review)
Review
In retrospect, basic research in the fields of NO and cyclic GMP during the past two decades appears to have followed a logical course beginning with the findings that NO and cyclic GMP are vascular smooth muscle relaxants, that nitroglycerin relaxes smooth muscle by metabolism to NO, progressing to the discovery that mammalian cells synthesize NO, and finally the revelation that NO is a neurotransmitter mediating vasodilation in specialized vascular beds. A great deal of basic and clinical research on the physiological and pathophysiological roles of NO in cardiovascular function has been conducted since the discovery that EDRF is NO. The new knowledge on NO should enable investigators in this field to develop novel and more effective therapeutic strategies for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of numerous cardiovascular disorders. Since NO elicits a protective and beneficial action in many disease states, novel NO donor drugs for clinical use should prove to be very effective drugs for the treatment of essential hypertension, stroke, coronary artery disease, vascular complications of diabetes, impotency and other disorders involving the vascular system.
Topics: Animals; Blood Vessels; Humans; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; Nitric Oxide; Nitroglycerin; Penile Erection; Signal Transduction; Vasomotor System
PubMed: 12512688
DOI: No ID Found -
Archivio Italiano Di Urologia,... Sep 2022To the Editor, Erectile dysfunction (ED) is defined as the persistent inability to achieve or maintain penile erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual performance. ED...
To the Editor, Erectile dysfunction (ED) is defined as the persistent inability to achieve or maintain penile erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual performance. ED represents one of the most important male sexual dysfunctions with a prevalence of 52% and affecting more than 150 million men worldwide (estimated to be 322 million worldwide for 2025) [...].
Topics: Erectile Dysfunction; Humans; Male; Penile Erection; Telemedicine
PubMed: 36165490
DOI: 10.4081/aiua.2022.3.373 -
BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) Feb 1998
Review
Topics: Erectile Dysfunction; Humans; Male; Penile Erection; Penile Prosthesis; Penis
PubMed: 9522795
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.316.7132.678 -
Asian Journal of Andrology 2019Structural alterations in fibroelastic components of the penile corpus cavernousum (CC) may impair its compliance, resulting in venous leakage and erectile dysfunction...
Structural alterations in fibroelastic components of the penile corpus cavernousum (CC) may impair its compliance, resulting in venous leakage and erectile dysfunction (ED). Our study evaluated the effectiveness of noninvasive two-dimensional shear-wave elastography (2-D SWE) in quantifying penile CC lesions in rabbits with hyperlipidemia-induced ED. A total of 12 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into two groups. Six were fed a high-cholesterol diet containing 2% cholesterol and 8.5% lard for 10 weeks and the other six were fed normal diet as controls. We measured the shear-wave elastic quantitative (SWQ) value of penile CC by 2-D SWE. Erectile function was investigated by intracavernous injection of papaverine, and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and the western blot analysis to determine the penile CC lesions. After 10 weeks, the SWQ values obtained from penile CC were remarkably higher in the high-cholesterol-fed compared with the control group, and the ΔICP (ICP plateau minus ICP baseline)/MAP (ICP: intracavernous pressure, MAP: mean arterial pressure) was markedly decreased. The IHC staining and western blot revealed extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation in penile cavernous tissues, and the smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotypic transition was affected, as indicated by reduced alpha-smooth muscle actin and calponin-1 expression and increased phospho-myosin light chain (p-MLC)/MLC and osteopontin expression. Hyperlipidemia resulted in ECM accumulation accompanied with SMC phenotypic transition in penile CC and impaired the erectile function eventually. These might, in turn, lead to variations in the SWQ values. It suggests that 2-D SWE may be a novel, noninvasive and effective approach that distinguishes penile CC lesions secondary to hyperlipidemia from normal.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Elasticity Imaging Techniques; Erectile Dysfunction; Hyperlipidemias; Male; Penile Erection; Penis; Rabbits
PubMed: 30409958
DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_78_18 -
The Journal of Sexual Medicine Dec 2019Modulating tissue-resident stem and progenitor cells with a non-invasive, mechanobiological intervention is an optimal approach for tissue regeneration. Stem cell...
INTRODUCTION
Modulating tissue-resident stem and progenitor cells with a non-invasive, mechanobiological intervention is an optimal approach for tissue regeneration. Stem cell antigen-1 (Sca-1) has been identified as a stem cell marker within many organs but never within the penis.
AIM
To localize and isolate penile stem/progenitor cells (PSPCs) and to evaluate cellular differentiation after exposure to induction medium and microenergy acoustic pulse (MAP) therapy.
METHODS
Six male Sprague-Dawley rats were used to isolate PSPCs. Isolation was followed by stem cell characterization and differentiation assays. The PSPCs were then treated with MAP (0.033 mJ/mm, 1 Hz) at various dosages (25, 50, 100, and 200 pulses) and for different durations (1, 2, 4, 6, or 8 hours) in vitro.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
The PSPCs (Sca-1-positive cells) were isolated using the magnetic-activated cell sorting system. PSPC cellular differentiation was assessed after induction with induction medium and with MAP in vitro. Wnt/β-catenin signaling was also assayed.
RESULTS
The PSPCs were successfully localized within the penile subtunic and perisinusoidal spaces, and they were successfully isolated using magnetic-activated cell sorting. The stemness of the cells was confirmed by stem cell marker characterization and by multiple differentiation into smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, adipocytes, and neurons. MAP-induced PSPCs differentiated into smooth muscle cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in a time- and dosage-dependent manner.
CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
By modulating resident PSPCs, MAP may have utility in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED).
STRENGTHS & LIMITATIONS
This study provides solid evidence in support of microenergy therapies, including both MAP and low-intensity extracorporeal shock wave therapy, for the treatment of ED. Additional studies are needed and should include additional stem cells markers. Furthermore, studies exploring the underling mechanisms for PSPC activation and differentiation are required.
CONCLUSION
PSPCs were successfully identified, localized, and isolated. Additionally, MAP provoked PSPCs to differentiate into smooth muscle cells via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. As such, MAP provides a novel method for activating endogenous tissue-resident stem/progenitor cells and might facilitate stem cell regenerative therapy targeting ED. Peng D, Yuan H, Liu T, et al. Smooth Muscle Differentiation of Penile Stem/Progenitor Cells Induced by Microenergy Acoustic Pulses In Vitro. J Sex Med 2019; 16:1874-1884.
Topics: Acoustics; Animals; Endothelial Cells; Erectile Dysfunction; Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy; Male; Muscle, Smooth; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle; Penile Erection; Penis; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Stem Cells
PubMed: 31585805
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.08.020 -
Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons... Mar 2003The problems associated with intra-operative erections are discussed. Present theory is reviewed to allow a better understanding of the available treatment options. (Review)
Review
The problems associated with intra-operative erections are discussed. Present theory is reviewed to allow a better understanding of the available treatment options.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; Anesthesia; Anesthetics; Humans; Intraoperative Complications; Male; Nerve Block; Penile Erection; Penis; Sympathomimetics; Urologic Diseases
PubMed: 12648347
DOI: 10.1308/003588403321219948 -
Scientific Reports Oct 2020Several studies highlighted the role of insula on several functions and in sexual behavior. This exploratory study examines the relationships among genital responses,... (Clinical Trial)
Clinical Trial
Several studies highlighted the role of insula on several functions and in sexual behavior. This exploratory study examines the relationships among genital responses, brain responses, and eye movements, to disentangle the role played by the anterior and posterior insula during different stages of male sexual response and during visual attention to sexual stimuli. In 19 healthy men, fMRI, eye movement, and penile tumescence data were collected during a visual sexual stimulation task. After a whole-brain analysis comparing neutral and sexual clips and confirming a role for the bilateral insulae, we selected two bilateral seed regions in anterior and posterior insula for functional connectivity analysis. Single-ROI-GLMs were run for the FC target regions. Single-ROI-GLMs were performed based on areas to which participants fixate: "Faces", "Genitals," and "Background" with the contrast "Genitals > Faces". Single-ROI-GLMs with baseline, onset, and sustained PT response for the sexual clips were performed. We found stronger effects for the posterior than the anterior insula. In the target regions of the posterior insula, we found three different pathways: the first involved in visual attention, onset of erection, and sustained erection; the second involved only in the onset of erection, and the third limited to sustained erection.
Topics: Adult; Attention; Brain; Erotica; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Penile Erection; Photic Stimulation; Visual Perception
PubMed: 33116146
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74681-x