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Acta Cirurgica Brasileira Apr 2016To investigate the efficacy of intralesional 20% aspirin injection for treatment of experimental peritoneal endometriosis.
PURPOSE
To investigate the efficacy of intralesional 20% aspirin injection for treatment of experimental peritoneal endometriosis.
METHODS
Peritoneal endometriosis was experimentally induced in forty adult nulligravid female rabbits. On day 30 post-endometriosis induction, rabbits were randomly divided to assess early (10 days) and late (20 days) effects of intralesional injection of physiological saline solution (control groups) in comparison to intralesional injection of 20% bicarbonate aspirin solution (experimental groups) as follows: control group 1 (10 days, n=10); control group 2 (20 days, n=10); experimental group 3 (10 days, n=10); experimental group 4 (20 days, n=10). Resected tissues, including endometriosis foci, were qualitatively (general morphology and signs of inflammatory cells infiltrate, necrosis and apoptosis) and quantitatively (remaining endometriosis area) assessed by histopathological analysis.
RESULTS
Extensive necrosis, hemorrhage, apoptosis, and fibrosis were observed in the experimental groups 3 and 4. Groups 1 and 2 presented typical endometrial tissue cysts, respectively. Groups 3 and 4 showed sparse endometrial tissue foci and no endometrial tissue, respectively. Quantitative analysis revealed that aspirin-treated groups 3 and 4 had significantly (p<0.05) smaller remaining endometriosis area, compared to control groups 1 and 2.
CONCLUSION
Intralesional 20% aspirin injection caused total destruction of peritoneal endometriosis foci in rabbits.
Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Apoptosis; Aspirin; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Disease Models, Animal; Endometriosis; Endometrium; Female; Injections, Intralesional; Peritoneal Diseases; Peritoneum; Rabbits; Reproducibility of Results; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 27168534
DOI: 10.1590/S0102-865020160040000002 -
Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research Jun 2023Our laboratory investigates changes in the respiratory pattern during systemic inflammation in various rodent models. The endogenous cannabinoid system (ECS) regulates...
Our laboratory investigates changes in the respiratory pattern during systemic inflammation in various rodent models. The endogenous cannabinoid system (ECS) regulates cytokine production and mitigates inflammation. Inflammation not only affects cannabinoid (CB) 1 and CB2 receptor gene expression ( and ), but also increases the predictability of the ventilatory pattern. Our primary objective was to track ventilatory pattern variability and transcription of and , and of , , and tumor necrosis factor-alpha ( mRNAs at multiple time points in central and peripheral tissues during systemic inflammation induced by peritonitis. In male Sprague Dawley rats (=24), we caused peritonitis by implanting a fibrin clot containing either 0 or 25×10 intraperitoneally. We recorded breathing with whole-animal plethysmography at baseline and 1 h before euthanasia. We euthanized the rats at 3, 6, or 12 h after inoculation and harvested the pons, medulla, lung, and heart for gene expression analysis. With peritonitis, more than was correlated to , , and mRNAs in medulla, pons, and lung and changed oppositely in the pons, medulla, and lung. These changes were associated with increased predictability of ventilatory pattern. Specifically, nonlinear complexity index correlated with increased mRNA in the pons and medulla, and coefficient of variation for cycle duration correlated with and mRNAs in the lung. The mRNAs for ECS receptors varied with time during the central and peripheral inflammatory response to peritonitis. These changes occurred in the brainstem, which contains the network that generates breathing pattern and thus, may participate in ventilatory pattern changes during systemic inflammation.
Topics: Rats; Male; Animals; Receptors, Cannabinoid; Rodentia; Interleukin-6; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Cannabinoids; Endocannabinoids; Peritonitis; Inflammation; RNA, Messenger
PubMed: 35446129
DOI: 10.1089/can.2021.0085 -
Computational and Mathematical Methods... 2022The diagnostic value of CT window width technique in primary omentum infarction was evaluated by this study.
OBJECTIVE
The diagnostic value of CT window width technique in primary omentum infarction was evaluated by this study.
METHODS
The abdominal CT data of 32 patients with clinically diagnosed abdominal omentum infarction were retrospectively selected and analyzed. The fixed window position was 50 HU, and the window width was 135 HU, 250 HU (abdomen), 350 HU (mediastinum), and 500 HU, respectively. The detection rate of lesions was analyzed and compared.
RESULTS
Window widths of 135 HU, 250 HU (abdomen), 350 HU (mediastinum), and 500 HU have a detection rate of 12.5% (4 cases), 62.5% (20 cases), 100% (32 cases), 100% (32 cases) for abdominal omental lesions, respectively. However, 500 HU showed worse abdominal bowel and parenchymal organs than 350 HU.
CONCLUSION
According to the comprehensive image quality, the ideal window width for diagnosis of primary omentum infarction is 350HU (mediastinal) window width.
Topics: Humans; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Retrospective Studies; Omentum; Abdomen; Infarction
PubMed: 36267314
DOI: 10.1155/2022/4173738 -
Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons... Jan 2021Fat necrosis occurs more frequently in patients who have obesity and diabetes mellitus and is linked to worsening of diabetes. Little evidence is available about...
Fat necrosis occurs more frequently in patients who have obesity and diabetes mellitus and is linked to worsening of diabetes. Little evidence is available about surgical complications that are related to inflammation and necrosis of adipose tissue. We report two cases of young women with diabetes who underwent bariatric surgery and had complications resulting from extensive inflammation and necrosis of adipose tissue. The first patient was diagnosed with omental infarction, which is a type of fat necrosis that is rarely associated with obesity and bariatric surgery. The second patient had an intraoperative finding of mesenteric panniculitis, which resulted in an intra-operative change in the choice of bariatric surgery to do a sleeve gastrectomy instead of a gastric bypass. Surgeons who perform surgery on bariatric patients must be aware of complications related to excessive amount of adipose tissue.
Topics: Adult; Bariatric Surgery; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Female; Humans; Infarction; Intraoperative Period; Middle Aged; Obesity, Morbid; Omentum; Panniculitis, Peritoneal; Postoperative Complications
PubMed: 32969263
DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2020.0198 -
Kidney International Jul 2003Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a fibrogenic cytokine that is highly expressed in wound healing and fibrotic lesions. The role of transforming growth...
BACKGROUND
Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a fibrogenic cytokine that is highly expressed in wound healing and fibrotic lesions. The role of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) in fibrosis is well documented, and the emerging understanding that its fibrogenic actions are mediated through CTGF has provided an attractive target molecule for the modulation of matrix overproduction in fibrotic disease. The involvement of CTGF in the pathogenesis of peritoneal membrane fibrosis in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients has not been investigated, and so the aim of this study was to ascertain whether CTGF is produced in the peritoneal cavity of PD patients and to investigate its regulation by cytokines.
METHODS
Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Northern blotting, and Western blotting were used to study CTGF expression by cultured human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMC) from peritoneal dialysis patients. Western blotting was used to detect CTGF expression in spent peritoneal dialysate from patients with and without peritonitis.
RESULTS
RT-PCR analysis demonstrated the expression of CTGF mRNA in cultured primay HPMCs isolated from spent peritoneal effluent. The production of the major 36 to 38 kD CTGF protein doublet by HPMC in addition to a 23 to 25 kD proteolytically processed form was confirmed by Western blotting. Several molecular weight forms of CTGF (18 to 38 kD) were also detected by Western blotting in peritoneal dialysate, with levels markedly elevated during episodes of peritonitis. Northern and Western blot analysis revealed that CTGF mRNA and protein production by HPMC was up-regulated by TGF-beta, with mRNA levels significantly increasing above the control (P < 0.01). In contrast, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) had no measurable effects on CTGF mRNA expression.
CONCLUSION
These results are the first to demonstrate the production of CTGF by HPMC and its presence in the peritoneal cavity of PD patients. The marked increase in CTGF levels by factors implicated in the development of peritoneal membrane fibrosis suggests its involvement in the underlying pathophysiologic mechanism(s).
Topics: Base Sequence; Blotting, Northern; Blotting, Western; Case-Control Studies; Connective Tissue Growth Factor; Humans; Immediate-Early Proteins; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Molecular Sequence Data; Peritoneal Dialysis; Peritoneum; Peritonitis; RNA, Messenger; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Up-Regulation
PubMed: 12787426
DOI: 10.1046/j.1523-1755.2003.00069.x -
Fertility and Sterility Jun 2012To evaluate inflammatory/angiogenic cytokines-interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and vascular endothelial...
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate inflammatory/angiogenic cytokines-interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A)-in the peritoneal fluid of patients with endometriosis in relation to the occurrence and severity of pelvic adhesions and in control women without pelvic pathology.
DESIGN
Case-control study.
SETTING
University research institution and hospital.
PATIENT(S)
Sixty-five women with laparoscopically and histopathologically confirmed endometriosis, including 40 women with pelvic adhesions, and 37 control women without pelvic pathology.
INTERVENTION(S)
Peritoneal fluid aspirated during routine diagnostic laparoscopic examination.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S)
Cytokines evaluated in the peritoneal fluid via specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.
RESULT(S)
Endometriosis and the revised American Fertility Society score of this disease were associated with statistically significantly increased levels of peritoneal IL-6 and IL-8 whereas the incidence and score of endometriosis-related pelvic adhesions were negatively associated with increased levels of VEGF-A. Notably, the concentration of VEGF-A predicted adhesion development and severity after adjustment for endometriosis severity. The adhesion score also correlated with increased levels of IL-6; however, after adjustment for endometriosis severity, the effect of this cytokine was no longer statistically significant.
CONCLUSION(S)
Increased levels of VEGF-A may be associated with a decreased rate of pelvic adhesion formation in the course of endometriosis.
Topics: Ascitic Fluid; Case-Control Studies; Cytokines; Endometriosis; Female; Humans; Interferon-gamma; Interleukin-12; Interleukin-1beta; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-8; Peritonitis; Severity of Illness Index; Tissue Adhesions; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
PubMed: 22542989
DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.03.057 -
Scientific Reports Sep 2019Internal hernia (IH)-related surgical acute abdomen is not well understood because of the rarity of cases and underdiagnosis. This study was performed to further...
Internal hernia (IH)-related surgical acute abdomen is not well understood because of the rarity of cases and underdiagnosis. This study was performed to further understand the clinicopathological features and multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) findings of IH in cases confirmed by surgery. In all, 51 patients with a definite diagnosis of IH confirmed during surgical exploration from Feb. 2012 to Feb. 2018 in our hospital were included in this research. Medical records, including MDCT images and intra-operative findings, were collected retrospectively. In all, 39 and 12 cases were categorized as adhesive IH (76.5%) and non-adhesive IH (23.5%), respectively. Among the patients with adhesive IH, 73% had a history of abdominal or pelvic surgery. Additionally, the mesentery was the most common component of adhesive bands (64.1%). Congenital peritoneal abnormalities and gastrointestinal reconstruction were the main causes of non-adhesive IH.As a specific sign, the fat notch sign was much more common in adhesive IH than in non-adhesive IH (P = 0.023). Bowel wall thickening (P = 0.041), abnormal bowel wall enhancement (P = 0.006) and twisted bowels with the vessel swirl sign (P = 0.004) were indicators of bowel necrosis. Among all of the cases of IH, 34 (66.7%) were complicated by bowel necrosis, and 1 patient died. In conclusion, non-adhesive IH has different clinicopathological features and MDCT findings from those of adhesive IH. MDCT is a useful tool with high sensitivity for confirming IH and may help to guide the early treatment of IH.
Topics: Female; Hernia, Abdominal; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Intestine, Small; Male; Middle Aged; Multidetector Computed Tomography; Necrosis; Peritoneum; Tissue Adhesions; X-Rays
PubMed: 31492915
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48241-x -
Mediators of Inflammation 2014The pathogenesis of postoperative ileus (POI) is complex. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of peritoneal air exposure on the POI intestinal...
BACKGROUND
The pathogenesis of postoperative ileus (POI) is complex. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of peritoneal air exposure on the POI intestinal inflammation and the underlying mechanism.
METHODS
Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into five groups (6/group): the control group, the sham group, and three exposure groups with peritoneal air exposure for 1, 2, or 3 h. At 24 h after surgery, we analyzed the gastrointestinal transit, the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-10, the myeloperoxidase activity, and the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 in the ileum and colon. The oxidant and antioxidant levels in the ileum and colon were analyzed by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC).
RESULTS
Peritoneal air exposure caused an air-exposure-time-dependent decrease in the gastrointestinal transit. The length of peritoneal air exposure is correlated with the severity of both systemic and intestinal inflammations and the increases in the levels of MDA, SOD, GSH-Px, and T-AOC.
CONCLUSIONS
The length of peritoneal air exposure is proportional to the degree of intestinal paralysis and the severity of intestinal inflammation, which is linked to the oxidative stress response.
Topics: Animals; Glutathione Peroxidase; Ileus; Inflammation; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-6; Male; Malondialdehyde; Peritoneum; Postoperative Complications; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Superoxide Dismutase; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 25140117
DOI: 10.1155/2014/924296 -
Immunology Letters Aug 2014BLyS (B lymphocyte stimulator) family cytokines and receptors play key roles in B-2 cell maturation and survival, but their importance for B-1 cells remains less clear....
BLyS (B lymphocyte stimulator) family cytokines and receptors play key roles in B-2 cell maturation and survival, but their importance for B-1 cells remains less clear. Here we use knockout mice to show that APRIL (A proliferation-inducing ligand), but not BLyS, plays a role in peritoneal B-1 cell maintenance. APRIL likely exerts its effects on peritoneal B-1 cells through binding to HSPG (heparan sulfate proteoglycans) rather than to the TACI (transmembrane activator and cyclophilin ligand interactor) receptor. Finally, we show that peritoneal macrophages express high levels of APRIL message, and are a likely local source of the cytokine in this anatomic locale.
Topics: Animals; B-Cell Activating Factor; B-Lymphocyte Subsets; Cell Proliferation; Gene Expression Regulation; Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans; Homeostasis; Immunity, Humoral; Immunophenotyping; Macrophages, Peritoneal; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Peritoneum; Protein Binding; RNA, Messenger; Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; Signal Transduction; Transmembrane Activator and CAML Interactor Protein; Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 13
PubMed: 24512739
DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2014.01.018 -
The American Journal of Pathology Sep 2008The pathophysiology of endometriosis remains unclear but involves a complex interaction between ectopic endometrium and host peritoneal tissues. We hypothesized that...
The pathophysiology of endometriosis remains unclear but involves a complex interaction between ectopic endometrium and host peritoneal tissues. We hypothesized that disruption of this interaction would suppress endometriotic lesion formation. We hoped to delineate the molecular and cellular dialogue between ectopic human endometrium and peritoneal tissues in nude mice as a first step toward testing this hypothesis. Human endometrium was xenografted into nude mice, and the resulting lesions were analyzed using microarrays. A novel technique was developed that unambiguously determined whether RNA transcripts identified via microarray analyses originated from human cells (endometrium) or mouse cells (mesothelium). Four key pathways (ubiquitin/proteasome, inflammation, tissue remodeling/repair, and ras-mediated oncogenesis) were revealed, demonstrating communication between host mesothelial cells and ectopic endometrium. Morphometric analysis of nude mouse lesions confirmed that necrosis, inflammation, healing and repair, and cell proliferation occurred during xenograft development. These processes were entirely consistent with the molecular networks revealed by the microarray data. The transcripts detected in the xenografts overlapped with differentially expressed transcripts in a comparison between paired eutopic and ectopic endometria from human endometriotic patients. For the first time, components of the interaction between ectopic endometrium and peritoneal stromal tissues are revealed. Targeted disruption of this dialogue is likely to inhibit endometriotic tissue formation and may prove to be an effective therapeutic strategy for endometriosis.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Endometriosis; Endometrium; Female; Gene Expression; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Mice; Mice, Nude; Middle Aged; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Peritoneum; Transplantation, Heterologous
PubMed: 18688027
DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2008.071128