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Journal of Alzheimer's Disease : JAD 2020Recent research on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has primarily focused on searching for measures to prevent or delay the progression of MCI to dementia. Physical... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Randomized Controlled Trial
Comparative Cognitive Effects of Choreographed Exercise and Multimodal Physical Therapy in Older Adults with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: Randomized Clinical Trial.
BACKGROUND
Recent research on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has primarily focused on searching for measures to prevent or delay the progression of MCI to dementia. Physical exercise has shown to be effective in the prevention of age-related cognitive decline in elderly adults with MCI. However, the most effective type and dose of exercise for the improvement of cognition are yet to be determined.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the cognitive effects of choreographed exercise (Choreography group) with a multimodal physical therapy program (Physical Therapy group) in elderly adults with amnestic MCI, a population with an increased risk of developing dementia.
METHODS
We conducted a randomized clinical trial with two parallel groups under allocation concealment and assessor blinding. Participants were allocated into Choreography or Physical Therapy group and performed exercises twice per week in 60-minute sessions during 12 weeks.
RESULTS
Thirty-six participants with amnestic MCI, ages 65 to 85, were assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks of intervention, by comprehensive validated neuropsychological and physical assessments. A Repeated measures General Lineal Model showed statistically significant differences in cognitive and physical outcomes. Both groups significantly improved in visual delayed recall. The Choreography group exhibited significantly more benefits on verbal recognition memory than the Physical Therapy group.
CONCLUSION
Greater cognitive benefits were achieved in the choreographic intervention than in the multimodal physical therapy, mainly in those functions more related to the risk of conversion to dementia. Additional studies are needed to confirm whether the observed effects are related to delayed onset of Alzheimer's disease in elderly adults with amnestic MCI.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cognitive Dysfunction; Combined Modality Therapy; Dance Therapy; Exercise Therapy; Female; Humans; Linear Models; Male; Neuropsychological Tests; Physical Therapy Modalities; Single-Blind Method
PubMed: 31868666
DOI: 10.3233/JAD-190552 -
Medicine Aug 2021Early diagnosis as well as treatment is important in management of congenital muscular torticollis (CMT). The purpose of this study was to find an effective physical...
Effect of physical therapy intervention on thickness and ratio of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and head rotation angle in infants with congenital muscular torticollis: A randomized clinical trial (CONSORT).
BACKGROUND
Early diagnosis as well as treatment is important in management of congenital muscular torticollis (CMT). The purpose of this study was to find an effective physical therapy modality to improve the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle thickness, the ratio of the SCM muscle thickness on the affected side to that on the non-affected side (A/N ratio), and head rotation in infant under 3 months of age diagnosed with CMT.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS
A single-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted. Participants were assigned in one of the 3 study groups through randomization. The treatment was performed 3 times a week for 30 minutes until the head tilt was ≤5 degrees. Group 1 was treated by handling for active or active-assist movement, group 2 was treated with passive stretching, and group 3 was treated with thermotherapy. For general characteristics, a χ2 test and 1-way analysis of variance were used. Intragroup differences were analyzed using a paired t test, and intergroup differences were analyzed using an age-adjusted analysis of covariance.
RESULTS
After the intervention, there was no significant difference between groups in terms of SCM thickness on the affected side and A/N ratio (P > .05). Degree of head rotation on the affected side showed significant differences between groups (P < .05), with Group 2 showing significantly better results than group 1 and group 3 (P < .05, both).
CONCLUSION
Passive stretching treatment was more effective than other treatments of this study for improvement in degree of head rotation in CMT infants under 3 months of age.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
The trial is registered at the Institutional Review Board of Sahmyook University (IRB number, 2-7001793-AB-N-012019103HR) and the Clinical Research Information Service (CRiS; registry number, KCT0004862).
Topics: Humans; Infant; Muscles; Physical Therapy Modalities; Single-Blind Method; Sternum; Torticollis; Weights and Measures
PubMed: 34414985
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000026998 -
Physical Therapy Jun 2019Participation is a major outcome area for physical therapists serving young children with disabilities. Contemporary models of disability such as the International... (Review)
Review
Participation is a major outcome area for physical therapists serving young children with disabilities. Contemporary models of disability such as the International Classification of Function, developmental theories such as the system perspective, and evidence-based early childhood practices recognize the interdependence of developmental domains, and suggest that change in 1 area of development influences change in another. Physical therapy provided in naturally occurring activities and routines, considered the preferred service delivery method, promotes participation of young children with disabilities. Research indicates that: (1) children develop skills, become independent, and form relationships through participation; and (2) with developing skills, children can increasingly participate. The purpose of this Perspective article is to synthesize the literature examining the relationship between motor skill development and the social interaction dimension of participation in young children. Current research examining the influence of motor skill development on social interactions in children with autism spectrum disorder will be discussed, exemplifying the interdependence of developmental domains. Implications for physical therapist practice and recommendations for future research are provided.
Topics: Child; Developmental Disabilities; Disabled Children; Humans; Motor Skills; Physical Therapy Modalities; Social Participation; Social Skills; Social Support
PubMed: 30801638
DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzz025 -
Biomolecules & Biomedicine Sep 2023Cervical spondylosis is a widespread medical condition that significantly impacts patients' quality of life. Treatment options include surgical and conservative... (Review)
Review
Cervical spondylosis is a widespread medical condition that significantly impacts patients' quality of life. Treatment options include surgical and conservative approaches, with conservative treatment often being the preferred choice. Rehabilitation therapy is an essential component of conservative treatment, and advancements in technology have the way to the development of new physiotherapy techniques. The effectiveness of treatment largely hinges on the patient's ability to improve their dysfunction. This study aims to provide valuable insights into the use of new physical therapy techniques, such as Sling Exercises Training (SET), fascia manipulation, muscle energy technique (MET), and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF), that aid the rehabilitation of cervical spondylosis. By scrutinizing the current research status of these techniques, this study aims to present innovative ideas enhancing the rehabilitation process and outcomes for patients suffering from cervical spondylosis.
Topics: Humans; Quality of Life; Spondylosis; Physical Therapy Modalities; Decompression, Surgical; Muscle Stretching Exercises
PubMed: 37212037
DOI: 10.17305/bb.2023.9049 -
Journal of Physiotherapy Apr 2016
Review
Topics: Exercise Therapy; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Physical Therapy Modalities
PubMed: 26992323
DOI: 10.1016/j.jphys.2016.02.010 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) May 2019Manual massage therapy is a therapeutic option for the treatment of several pathological conditions affecting the musculoskeletal system. It has been pointed out that... (Review)
Review
Manual massage therapy is a therapeutic option for the treatment of several pathological conditions affecting the musculoskeletal system. It has been pointed out that massage might be beneficial for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients thanks to therapeutic effects primarily related to hyperemia (increased skin temperature and blood flow), and activation of the lymphatic system. The present study reports current evidence on the systemic effects of manual massage in patients with COPD. A scoping review was conducted on five major databases. The search went through all databases since their inception until December 2018. Seventy-eight citations were retrieved; after the selection process was completed, seven articles were considered eligible. In patients receiving manual massage, improvements were observed in Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 s, dyspnea perception, and in the 6-min walking test. To date, the use of manual massage in patients with COPD is not supported by substantial evidence in the literature: indeed, it is proposed as a therapeutic option in association with other interventions such as physical exercise.
Topics: Humans; Massage; Physical Therapy Modalities; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; Quality of Life
PubMed: 31108862
DOI: 10.3390/medicina55050151 -
La Clinica Terapeutica 2018Grooving evidence suggests that patients could have Direct Access (DA) to physiotherapy. It represents a new model of care, which might lead to improve patients' health...
BACKGROUND
Grooving evidence suggests that patients could have Direct Access (DA) to physiotherapy. It represents a new model of care, which might lead to improve patients' health status and decrease cost services for healthcare compared with a secondary care referral pathway. The aim of this study is to explore the evidence regarding feasibility, effectiveness, costs, safety and patient satisfaction through DA compared to other organizational models.
METHODS
A systematic review was carried out through MEDLINE, CINAHL, and EMBASE databases from their inceptions until March 2018 using keywords related with DA. All articles in English, Italian or Polish comparing the modality of DA with any other organizational modality were included. Two reviewers independently selected eligible studies, extracted the data, and assessed methodological quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cohort studies.
RESULTS
1593 articles were initially identified, and thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria. The mean NOS score for study quality was 6.4 ± 1.4 out of a possible total score of nine points. Patients impairments and health care status, were similar through all studies. DA showed less number of physiotherapy treatments, visits to physician, imaging performed and required fewer non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and secondary care. Patients were more satisfied with the service in comparison to the group referred by the physician. and costs per subject were lower. DA patients were younger, with a higher level of education; mostly, they presented a less severe clinical condition and a more acute pathologies related to the spine. No harms were reported. Only one study assessed the clinical safety of the DA.
CONCLUSION
The findings suggest that DA to physiotherapy is feasible considering the clinical and economic point of view. However, more research is still needed due to the low evidence of the reviewed studies and to explore the clinical safety of DA.
Topics: Health Services Accessibility; Humans; Patient Satisfaction; Physical Therapy Modalities
PubMed: 30393813
DOI: 10.7417/CT.2018.2087 -
Monaldi Archives For Chest Disease =... Feb 2020Respiratory physiotherapy and rehabilitation are important therapeutic options in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB). The aims of this review of clinical trials... (Review)
Review
Respiratory physiotherapy and rehabilitation are important therapeutic options in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB). The aims of this review of clinical trials were to evaluate the safety and the effects on physiologic and clinical outcomes of airway clearance techniques (ACTs) and rehabilitation in NCFB patients, in comparison to usual care. The search was performed on March 2018 by using PubMed and PeDro databases. 33 studies were selected. The use of ACTs for NCFB were effective in increasing sputum volume although no benefit in quality of life (QoL) or pulmonary exacerbations were observed. There were no differences in effectiveness between the several techniques used. Humidification and saline inhalation were able to aid airway clearance. Hypertonic solution (HS) was more effective than isotonic solutions (IS) in improving expectoration and sputum viscosity. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) was found to be associated with short term benefits in exercise capacity, dyspnea and fatigue. Exercise training seems to improve quality of life and lower exacerbation rate, but long-term data are not available. Further studies are necessary to identify the most feasible long-term outcomes such as QoL and exacerbation rate.
Topics: Administration, Inhalation; Airway Management; Bronchiectasis; Case-Control Studies; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cystic Fibrosis; Disease Progression; Humans; Humidifiers; Physical Therapy Modalities; Quality of Life; Respiratory Therapy; Safety; Saline Solution; Sputum; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 32072797
DOI: 10.4081/monaldi.2020.1107 -
Journal of Physiotherapy Mar 2014In women with primary dysmenorrhoea, what is the effect of physiotherapeutic interventions compared to control (either no treatment or placebo/sham) on pain and quality... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
QUESTION
In women with primary dysmenorrhoea, what is the effect of physiotherapeutic interventions compared to control (either no treatment or placebo/sham) on pain and quality of life?
DESIGN
Systematic review of randomised trials with meta-analysis.
PARTICIPANTS
Women with primary dysmenorrhea.
INTERVENTION
Any form of physiotherapy treatment.
OUTCOME MEASURES
The primary outcome was menstrual pain intensity and the secondary outcome was quality of life.
RESULTS
The search yielded 222 citations. Of these, 11 were eligible randomised trials and were included in the review. Meta-analysis revealed statistically significant reductions in pain severity on a 0-10 scale from acupuncture (weighted mean difference 2.3, 95% CI 1.6 to 2.9) and acupressure (weighted mean difference 1.4, 95% CI 0.8 to 1.9), when compared to a control group receiving no treatment. However, these are likely to be placebo effects because when the control groups in acupuncture/acupressure trials received a sham instead of no treatment, pain severity did not significantly differ between the groups. Significant reductions in pain intensity on a 0-10 scale were noted in individual trials of heat (by 1.8, 95% CI 0.9 to 2.7), transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (2.3, 95% CI 0.03 to 4.2), and yoga (3.2, 95% CI 2.2 to 4.2). Meta-analysis of two trials of spinal manipulation showed no significant reduction in pain. None of the included studies measured quality of life.
CONCLUSION
Physiotherapists could consider using heat, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, and yoga in the management of primary dysmenorrhea. While benefits were also identified for acupuncture and acupressure in no-treatment controlled trials, the absence of significant effects in sham-controlled trials suggests these effects are mainly attributable to placebo effects.
Topics: Acupressure; Acupuncture; Adolescent; Adult; Dysmenorrhea; Electric Stimulation Therapy; Female; Hot Temperature; Humans; Outcome Assessment, Health Care; Physical Therapy Modalities; Quality of Life; Treatment Outcome; Yoga; Young Adult
PubMed: 24856936
DOI: 10.1016/j.jphys.2013.12.003 -
Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine May 2021Graded resistance training is the recommended treatment for patients with subacromial pain syndrome. It is debated whether adding joint mobilization will improve the... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Graded resistance training is the recommended treatment for patients with subacromial pain syndrome. It is debated whether adding joint mobilization will improve the outcome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome of guided exercises with or without joint mobilization, compared with controls who did not receive any treatment.
METHODS
A 3-armed controlled trial in a primary care setting. A total of 120 patients, with clinically diagnosed subacromial pain syndrome, were randomized into guided exercise groups with and without additional joint mobilization, and a control group that did not receive any treatment. Data were analysed at baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 6 months. Primary outcome was the Constant-Murley score, and secondary outcomes were pain and active range of motion.
RESULTS
Shoulder function improved in all groups, as measured with the Constant-Murley score. At 12 weeks and 6 months the exercise groups improved significantly compared with the control group (p ≤ 0.05). Add-on joint mobilization resulted in decreased pain in active range of motion at 6 and 12 weeks compared with guided exercise or no treatment (p ≤ 0.05). Range of motion increased over time in all 3 groups.
CONCLUSION
In patients with subacromial pain syndrome guided exercises improved shoulder function compared with no treatment. Add-on joint mobilization decreased pain in the short-term compared with exercise alone or no treatment.
Topics: Adult; Exercise Therapy; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Physical Therapy Modalities; Shoulder Impingement Syndrome; Young Adult
PubMed: 33634829
DOI: 10.2340/16501977-2806