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Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta.... Jul 2020Cannabis has been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of pain and inflammatory diseases. The biological effect of cannabis is mainly attributed to two major... (Review)
Review
Cannabis has been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of pain and inflammatory diseases. The biological effect of cannabis is mainly attributed to two major cannabinoids, tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol. In the majority of studies to-date, a purified tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol alone or in combination have been extensively examined in many studies for the treatment of numerous disorders including pain and inflammation. However, few studies have investigated the biological benefits of full-spectrum cannabis plant extract. Given that cannabis is known to generate a large number of cannabinoids along with numerous other biologically relevant products including terpenes, studies involving purified tetrahydrocannabinol and/or cannabidiol do not consider the potential biological benefits of the full-spectrum cannabis extracts. This may be especially true in the case of cannabis as a potential treatment of pain and inflammation. Herein, we review the pre-clinical physiological and molecular mechanisms in biological systems that are affected by cannabis.
Topics: Cannabidiol; Cannabinoids; Cannabis; Dronabinol; Humans; Inflammation; Neuralgia; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 32201189
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165771 -
Dental and Medical Problems 2022The formation of scar tissue in the wound healing process is associated with fibroblasts that are produced during the proliferation phase (3-14 days after...
Effects of the Hydnophytum formicarum plant extract on collagen density, angiogenesis, wound length, and re-epithelialization in wound healing: Experimental study on rats.
BACKGROUND
The formation of scar tissue in the wound healing process is associated with fibroblasts that are produced during the proliferation phase (3-14 days after surgery/injury). One of the strategies to suppress the formation of excessive scar tissue is to use wound care material. The use of herbal extracts is currently being investigated by researchers, as it allows avoiding the side effects of synthetic drugs. The Hydnophytum formicarum extract has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of the study was to analyze the effects of the Hydnophytum formicarum plant extract on collagen density, angiogenesis, wound length, and re-epithelialization in wound healing.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 2 groups: the control group; and the treatment group. Skin wounds were made on the dorsum of the rats, using the biopsy punch technique. Four rats from each group were sacrificed on days 4, 7 and 14 after injury. Collagen density, angiogenesis, wound length, and re-epithelialization were analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and Masson's trichrome staining.
RESULTS
There were significant differences in the results of the angiogenesis analysis, wound length and re-epithelialization between the treatment and control groups. When considering angiogenesis, there were fewer vessels in the treatment group, but they were more mature as compared to the control group. There was also a meaningful interaction between the application of the Hydnophytum formicarum extract and the necropsy day with regard to collagen density and the re-epithelialization rate. No secondary infection was found in either group.
CONCLUSIONS
The topical use of the Hydnophytum formicarum extract affected the formation of scar tissue, as indicated by the positive area of collagen, the extent of angiogenesis, wound length, and the re-epithelialization rate in the early, middle and final granulation phases. The inhibition of angiogenesis through the application of Hydnophytum formicarum was probably related to the formation of scar tissue in the wound.
Topics: Angiogenesis Modulating Agents; Animals; Collagen; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Re-Epithelialization; Wound Healing
PubMed: 35274499
DOI: 10.17219/dmp/140208 -
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical... Dec 2013More than half of the world's population relies on the traditional medicine and major role of the traditional medicine including the use of plant extract and their... (Review)
Review
More than half of the world's population relies on the traditional medicine and major role of the traditional medicine including the use of plant extract and their active constituents. Among them, Cordia dichotoma Forst., a small to moderate size plant of family Boragenaceae, commonly called bhokar, lasura, gonda, Indian cherry and shlesmataka. Plant parts such as leaves, fruit, bark and seed have been reported for possessing antidiabetic, antiulcer, anti-inflammatory, immune-modulator and analgesic activity. Screening of fruit, leaves and seed shows the presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, saponins, terpenes and sterols. Present review focuses on details of geographical distribution, physicochemical parameters, phytoconstituents and pharmacological properties of Cordia dichotoma reported so far.
Topics: Biological Products; Cordia; Humans; Phytochemicals; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 24093795
DOI: 10.1016/S2221-1691(13)60194-X -
Nutrients Jun 2021Human skin acts as a physical barrier; however, sometimes the skin gets infected by fungi, which becomes more severe if the infection occurs on the third layer of the... (Review)
Review
Human skin acts as a physical barrier; however, sometimes the skin gets infected by fungi, which becomes more severe if the infection occurs on the third layer of the skin. Azole derivative-based antifungal creams, liquids, or sprays are available to treat fungal infections; however, these formulations show various side effects on the application site. Over the past few years, herbal extracts and various essential oils have shown effective antifungal activity. Additionally, autoxidation and epimerization are significant problems with the direct use of herbal extracts. Hence, to overcome these obstacles, polysaccharide-based nanohydrogels embedded with natural plant extracts and oils have become the primary choice of pharmaceutical scientists. These gels protect plant-based bioactive compounds and are effective delivery agents because they release multiple bioactive compounds in the targeted area. Nanohydrogels can be applied to infected areas, and due to their contagious nature and penetration power, they get directly absorbed through the skin, quickly reaching the skin's third layer and effectively reducing the fungal infection. In this review, we explain various skin fungal infections, possible treatments, and the effective utilization of plant extract and oil-embedded polysaccharide-based nanohydrogels.
Topics: Antifungal Agents; Azoles; Fungi; Gels; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Nanostructures; Oils, Volatile; Onychomycosis; Plant Extracts; Plant Oils; Polysaccharides
PubMed: 34203999
DOI: 10.3390/nu13062055 -
TheScientificWorldJournal 2022Tissue engineering involves the use of smart biomimetic hybrid matrices to reinforce the cellular interaction with the matrix and restore native properties after...
Tissue engineering involves the use of smart biomimetic hybrid matrices to reinforce the cellular interaction with the matrix and restore native properties after regeneration. In this study, we highlight the potential of 3D collagen sponges soaked with bioactive extract, to enhance the wound healing process . Acid-soluble collagen from two sources, marine and bovine, were extracted and characterized physiochemically using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and SDS-PAGE. Our results confirmed that the extracted collagens were mainly composed of collagen type I with slight molecular structure differences. Both collagens present two different chains (1 and 2) and one chain. Highly interconnected 3D scaffolds from collagen from the skin are designed and added by the widely known healing plants and . The resulting 3D collagen matrices possess fine biocompatibility with skin cells, Hacat (keratinocytes), and 3T3-L1 (fibroblasts) cells. To evaluate the potential wound healing effect, a collagen sponge soaked with the bioactive extract was tested on BALB/ mice. Our findings confirmed that sponges significantly improve animal re-epithelialization by increasing wound closure. Consequently, spongy collagen scaffolds loaded with and could be used as potential wound dressing material.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Collagen; Mice; Plant Extracts; Skin; Tissue Engineering; Tissue Scaffolds; Wound Healing
PubMed: 35812001
DOI: 10.1155/2022/8788061 -
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular... 2023Oxidative stress (OS) during inflammation can increase inflammatory responses and damage tissue. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can induce oxidative stress and inflammation in... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Oxidative stress (OS) during inflammation can increase inflammatory responses and damage tissue. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can induce oxidative stress and inflammation in several organs. Natural products have several biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunoregulatory properties. The aims of the study are to study the possible therapeutic effects of natural products on LPS inducing toxicity on the nervous system, lung, liver, and immune system.
METHODS
The and research articles that were published in the last 5 years were included in the current study. The keywords included "lipopolysaccharide," "toxicity," "natural products," and "plant extract" were searched in different databases such as Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar until October 2021.
RESULTS
The results of most studies indicated that some medicinal herbs and their potent natural products can help to prevent, treat, and manage LPS-induced toxicity. Medicinal herbs and plant-derived natural products showed promising effects on managing and treating oxidative stress, inflammation, and immunomodulation by several mechanisms.
CONCLUSION
However, these findings provide information about natural products for the prevention and treatment of LPS-induced toxicity, but the scientific validation of natural products requires more evidence on animal models to replace modern commercial medicine.
Topics: Animals; Lipopolysaccharides; Biological Products; Plants, Medicinal; Plant Extracts; Inflammation
PubMed: 37102170
DOI: 10.1155/2023/7675183 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2023Tick and mite infestations pose significant challenges to animal health, agriculture, and public health worldwide. The search for effective and environmentally friendly...
Tick and mite infestations pose significant challenges to animal health, agriculture, and public health worldwide. The search for effective and environmentally friendly acaricidal agents has led researchers to explore natural alternatives. In this study, we investigated the acaricidal potential of the plant extract against ticks and mites. Additionally, we employed a computational approach to identify phytochemicals from the extract that could serve as drug candidates against these ectoparasites. The contact bioassay results demonstrated that the plant extract exhibited significant efficacy against and , with higher concentrations outperforming the positive control acaricide permethrin in terms of mite mortality. Time exposure to the extract also showed a positive correlation with better lethal concentration (LC and LC) values. Similarly, the adult immersion test revealed a notable inhibition of tick oviposition via the plant extract, especially at higher concentrations. The two-protein primary structure, secondary structure and stability were predicted using the Expasy's ProtParam server, SOPMA and SUSUI server, respectively. Using Homology modeling, the 3D structure of the protein was obtained and validated through the ERRAT server, and active sites were determined through the CASTp server. The docking analysis revealed that Alpha-Amyrenyl acetate and alpha-Tocopherol exhibited the highest docking scores for and aspartic protease proteins, respectively. These phytochemicals demonstrated strong binding interactions, suggesting their potential as acaricidal drug candidates. In conclusion, the plant extract displayed significant acaricidal activity against and Moreover, the computational approach identified promising phytochemicals that could serve as potential drug candidates for controlling these ectoparasites.
Topics: Animals; Female; Rhipicephalus; Sarcoptes scabiei; Larva; Plant Extracts; Plants; Phytochemicals; Acaricides
PubMed: 37836773
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196930 -
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis Oct 2017In recent years, the use of fermented plant products to protect against various metabolic syndromes has been increasing enormously. The objective of this study was to... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
In recent years, the use of fermented plant products to protect against various metabolic syndromes has been increasing enormously. The objective of this study was to check the regulatory efficacy of fermented plant extract (FPE) on intestinal microflora, lipid profile, and antioxidant status in mildly hypercholesterolemic volunteers. Forty-four mildly hypercholesterolemic individuals (cholesterol 180-220 mg/dL) were recruited and assigned to two groups: experimental or placebo. Volunteers were requested to drink either 60 mL of FPE or placebo for 8 weeks. Anthropometric measurements were done in the initial, 4, 8, and 10 weeks. The anthropometric parameters such as body weight, body fat, and body mass index were markedly lowered (p<0.05) on FPE intervention participants. Moreover, the total antioxidant capacity and total phenolics in plasma were considerably increased along with a reduction (p<0.05) in total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) after FPE supplementation. Participants who drank FPE showed a pronounced increase (p<0.05) in the number of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp., whereas the number of harmful bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens (p<0.05) were concomitantly reduced. Furthermore, the lag time of LDL oxidation was substantially ameliorated in FPE-administered group, thus indicating its antioxidative and cardioprotective properties. Treatment with FPE substantially improved the intestinal microflora and thereby positively regulated various physiological functions by lowering the anthropometric parameters, TC, and LDL-c, and remarkably elevated the antioxidant capacity and lag time of LDL oxidation. Therefore, we recommended FPE beverage for combating hypercholesterolemia.
Topics: Adult; Anticholesteremic Agents; Bacteria; Female; Fermentation; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Hypercholesterolemia; Intestinal Mucosa; Intestines; Lipids; Male; Middle Aged; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 28987358
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2016.10.008 -
Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine Aug 2023Metallic nanoparticles from different natural sources exhibit superior therapeutic options as compared to the conventional methods. species have attracted special... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Metallic nanoparticles from different natural sources exhibit superior therapeutic options as compared to the conventional methods. species have attracted special attention of researchers worldwide due to the presence of bioactive molecules such as flavonoids, biflavonoids, triterpenes, steroids, saponins, tannins and other secondary metabolites that exhibit antimicrobial, antiplasmodial, anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. Environment friendly green synthesised silver nanoparticles from species provide viable, safe and efficient treatment against different fungal pathogens.
OBJECTIVE
This systematic review aims to summarise the literature pertaining to superior antifungal ability of green synthesised silver nanoparticles using plant extracts of spp. in comparison to both aqueous and ethanolic raw plant extracts by electronically collecting articles from databases.
METHODS
The recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis were taken into consideration while preparing this review. The titles and abstracts of the collected data were stored in Endnote20 based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The search strategy included literature from established sources like PubMed, Google Scholar and Retrieval System Online using subject descriptors.
RESULTS
The search yielded 60 articles with unique hits. After removal of duplications, 46 articles were identified, 40 were assessed and only seven articles were chosen and included in this review based on our eligibility criteria.
CONCLUSION
The physicochemical and preliminary phytochemical investigations of suggest higher drug potency of nanoparticles synthesised from plant extract against different diseases as compared to aqueous and ethanolic plant extracts. The study holds great promise as the synthesis of nanoparticles involves low energy consumption, minimal technology and least toxic effects.
Topics: Humans; Metal Nanoparticles; Selaginellaceae; Silver; Anti-Infective Agents; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 37534437
DOI: 10.1017/erm.2023.21 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2021Dysregulation of glucose homeostasis followed by chronic hyperglycemia is a hallmark of diabetes mellitus (DM), a disease spreading as a worldwide pandemic for which...
Forty-One Plant Extracts Screened for Dual Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Functions: Evaluating the Types of Correlation between -Amylase Inhibition and Free Radical Scavenging.
Dysregulation of glucose homeostasis followed by chronic hyperglycemia is a hallmark of diabetes mellitus (DM), a disease spreading as a worldwide pandemic for which there is no satisfactory dietary treatment or cure. The development of glucose-controlling drugs that can prevent complications of DM, such as hyperglycemia and oxidative stress, which contribute to the impairment of the key physiological processes in the body, is of grave importance. In pursuit of this goal, this study screened 41 plant extracts for their antidiabetic and antioxidant activities by employing assays to test for α-amylase inhibition and free radical scavenging activity (FRSA) and by measuring glucose uptake in L6-GLUT4myc cells. While extracts of Rhus coriaria, Punica granatum, Olea europaea, Pelargonium spp., Stevia rebaudiana, and Petroselinum crispum demonstrated significant α-amylase inhibition, the extracts of Rhus coriaria and Pelargonium spp. also demonstrated increased FRSA, and the extract of Rhus coriaria stimulated glucose uptake. These natural extracts, which are believed to have fewer side effects because they are prepared from edible plants, interfere with the process in the small intestine that breaks down dietary carbohydrates into monosaccharide and disaccharide derivatives, and thereby suppress increases in diet-induced blood glucose; hence, they may have clinical value for type 2 diabetes management. The Pelargonium spp. and Rhus coriaria extracts demonstrated the highest antidiabetic and antioxidant activities. Both plants may offer valuable medical benefits, especially because they can be taken as dietary supplements by patients with diabetes and can serve as sources of new, natural-based antidiabetic drug candidates. The enhancement of cellular glucose uptake stimulated by Rhus coriaria extract could lead to the development of clinical applications that regulate blood glucose levels from within the circulatory system. Isolating bioactive substances from these plant extracts and testing them in diabetic mice will significantly advance the development of natural drugs that have both antidiabetic and free radical-scavenging properties, likely with lesser side effects.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Biphenyl Compounds; Cell Survival; Cells, Cultured; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Mice; Pelargonium; Picrates; Plant Extracts; Rhus; alpha-Amylases
PubMed: 33435419
DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020317