-
Frontiers in Immunology 2023
Topics: Humans; Megakaryocytes; Blood Platelets; Platelet Count; Communicable Diseases
PubMed: 37056755
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1175200 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2022Some degree of platelet index abnormality has been found clinically in the autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), but the findings are not uniform. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Some degree of platelet index abnormality has been found clinically in the autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), but the findings are not uniform.
METHODS
The PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases were searched for relevant articles published up to August 16th, 2022, with no restrictions on the language of the articles. Reference lists of eligible articles were also searched. A random effect model was used to pool the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW) between AITD patients and healthy controls, and subgroup analyses were performed.
RESULTS
A total of 19 articles with 6173 people (3824 AITD patients and 2349 healthy people) were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that PLT and MPV values were significantly increased in AITD patients when compared with healthy people (SMD: 0.164, 95% CI: 0.044 to 0.285; SMD: 0.256, 95% CI: 0.013 to 0.500), while no significant difference was found in PDW between the AITD group and the control group (SMD: 0.060, 95% CI: -0.164 to 0.284). Subgroup analysis according to disease type and thyroid function revealed that for PLT, this difference was only found in the Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and hypothyroid groups, but not in the Graves' disease (GD) and hyperthyroid groups. For MPV, the results were the opposite of those for PLT: MPV was significantly higher in the GD, hyperthyroid, and euthyroid groups than in the control group, but not in the HT and hypothyroid groups. Sensitivity analysis showed that the stability of the pooled MPV was not good. No publication bias was found.
CONCLUSIONS
PLT and MPV are significantly elevated in patients with AITD, with PLT being more significantly elevated in HT and hypothyroidism, and MPV being more significantly increased in GD and hyperthyroidism. Appropriate clinical attention can be paid to the thyroid function of patients when abnormal platelet indices are found, and conversely, the consequences of abnormal platelet parameters such as elevated MPV lead to an increased occurrence of cardiovascular events, which should also be addressed in the AITD population.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42022341823.
Topics: Humans; Hashimoto Disease; Mean Platelet Volume; Platelet Count; Graves Disease; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism
PubMed: 36618418
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1089469 -
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan... Sep 2021Pseudo thrombocytopenia is the estimation of low platelet counts by a Haematology analyzer despite of shortage in platelets. EDTA-induced pseudo thrombocytopenia,...
Pseudo thrombocytopenia is the estimation of low platelet counts by a Haematology analyzer despite of shortage in platelets. EDTA-induced pseudo thrombocytopenia, commonly seen in clinical practice, occurs mainly due to the anti-platelet antibodies. Pseudo thrombocytopenia is seen in normal healthy individuals and other disorders like cardiovascular, liver, autoimmune diseases and malignancy. We are presenting a case of multi-coagulant resistant dependent thrombocytopenia. The purpose of this letter is to review approaches to pseudo thrombocytopenia. The case has coagulant resistant dependent thrombocytopenia in association with Anasarca and was a known case of cardiomyopathy with severely dilated left atrium, left ventricle and right atrium.
Topics: Autoimmune Diseases; Blood Platelets; Edetic Acid; Humans; Platelet Count; Thrombocytopenia
PubMed: 34580523
DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.03-390 -
Blood Jan 2021Cyclic thrombocytopenia (CTP) is a rare disease, which is characterized by periodic fluctuation of the platelet count. The pathogenesis of CTP is unknown and most likely...
Cyclic thrombocytopenia (CTP) is a rare disease, which is characterized by periodic fluctuation of the platelet count. The pathogenesis of CTP is unknown and most likely heterogeneous. Patients with CTP are almost always misdiagnosed as having primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). The interval between ITP and CTP diagnosis can be many years. CTP patients often receive ITP-specific therapies including corticosteroids, thrombopoietin receptor agonists, rituximab, and splenectomy, which are followed by a transient increase in platelet count that is wrongly attributed to treatment effect with inevitable "relapse." CTP can be diagnosed by frequent platelet count monitoring, which reveals a typical pattern of periodic platelet cycling. An early diagnosis of CTP will prevent these patients from being exposed to possibly harmful therapies. The bleeding phenotype is usually mild and consists of mucocutaneous bleeding at the time when the platelet count is at its nadir. Severe bleeding from other sites can occur but is rare. Some patients respond to cyclosporine A or to danazol, but most patients do not respond to any therapy. CTP can be associated with hematological malignancies or disorders of the thyroid gland. Nevertheless, spontaneous remissions can occur, even after many years.
Topics: Blood Platelets; Humans; Platelet Count; Thrombocytopenia
PubMed: 33197928
DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020008218 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2022Platelet (PLT) engages in immune and inflammatory responses, all of which are related to the prognosis of critically ill patients. Although thrombocytopenia at ICU...
OBJECTIVE
Platelet (PLT) engages in immune and inflammatory responses, all of which are related to the prognosis of critically ill patients. Although thrombocytopenia at ICU admission contributes to in-hospital mortality, PLT is repeatedly measured during ICU hospitalization and the role of longitudinal PLT trajectory remains unclear. We aimed to identify dynamic PLT trajectory patterns and evaluate their relationships with mortality risk and thrombocytopenia.
METHODS
We adopted a three-phase, multi-cohort study strategy. Firstly, longitudinal PLT trajectory patterns within the first four ICU days and their associations with 28-day survival were tested in the eICU Collaborative Research Database (eICU-CRD) and independently validated in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database. Secondly, the relationships among PLT trajectory patterns, thrombocytopenia, and 28-day mortality were explored and validated. Finally, a Mortality GRade system for ICU dynamically monitoring patients (Mortality-GRID) was developed to quantify the mortality risk based on longitudinal PLT, which was further validated in the Molecular Epidemiology of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (MEARDS) cohort.
RESULTS
A total of 35,332 ICU patients were included from three cohorts. Trajectory analysis clustered patients into ascending (AS), stable (ST), or descending (DS) PLT patterns. DS patients with high baseline PLT decline quickly, resulting in poor prognosis. AS patients have low baseline PLT but recover quickly, favoring a better prognosis. ST patients maintain low PLT, having a moderate prognosis in between ( = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.14-1.38, = 6.15 × 10; = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.40-1.79, = 1.41 × 10). The associations remained significant in patients without thrombocytopenia during the entire ICU hospitalization and were robust in sensitivity analyses and stratification analyses. Further, the trajectory pattern was a warning sign of thrombocytopenia, which mediated 27.2% of the effects of the PLT trajectory on 28-day mortality ( = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.06-1.17, = 9.80 × 10). Mortality-GRID well predicts mortality risk, which is in high consistency with that directly estimated in MEARDS ( = 0.98, = 1.30 × 10).
CONCLUSION
Longitudinal PLT trajectory is a complementary predictor to baseline PLT for patient survival, even in patients without risk of thrombocytopenia. Mortality-GRID could identify patients at high mortality risk.
Topics: Cohort Studies; Critical Illness; Humans; Intensive Care Units; Platelet Count; Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Thrombocytopenia
PubMed: 36059447
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.936662 -
Blood May 2021
Topics: Platelet Count; Platelet Transfusion
PubMed: 33983425
DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021011269 -
Platelets 2019Cancer is a chronic inflammatory state which is often associated with increased platelet counts. Cancer cells induce thrombopoiesis and activate platelets, which in turn...
Cancer is a chronic inflammatory state which is often associated with increased platelet counts. Cancer cells induce thrombopoiesis and activate platelets, which in turn facilitate cancer invasion and metastasis. In this study, we investigate the correlation between platelet counts with each of stage and overall survival in melanoma. This is a retrospective cohort study of 642 melanoma patients diagnosed or treated at a tertiary medical center between 2000 and 2016. Multivariable analysis adjusted for age, sex, stage, and treatment modality. Using multivariable analysis, patients with thrombocytosis around time of diagnosis were more likely to present with distant metastasis (Prevalence Ratio 3.5, 95% CI 2.35-5.22). In patients with metastatic disease and in all stages combined, thrombocytosis predicted decreased 5-year overall survival in univariate and multivariable analysis, and this was most pronounced during the first year after diagnosis. Finally, we show that mice with thrombocytopenia due to the lack of heat shock protein gp96 in their megakaryocytes are protected from melanoma dissemination to the lungs. These findings are concordant with preclinical studies showing a role for platelets in cancer metastasis and suppression of antitumor immunity, further supporting targeting platelets as an adjuvant to immunotherapy in melanoma.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Melanoma; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Platelet Count; Prognosis; Survival Rate
PubMed: 30759042
DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2019.1572879 -
Aging Oct 2022Platelet counts and mean platelet volume (MPV) are related to cardiovascular disease, but a thorough investigation into the connection between increased arterial...
BACKGROUND
Platelet counts and mean platelet volume (MPV) are related to cardiovascular disease, but a thorough investigation into the connection between increased arterial stiffness, MPV, and platelet counts is lacking. This study aimed to explore the association of platelet count and MPV with arterial stiffness in young and middle-aged adults.
METHODS
A total of 2464 participants who underwent health checkups at National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan from November 2018 to December 2019 were included. We excluded participants aged <18 or >50 years; who are pregnant; on medication for dyslipidemia; with abnormal platelet count, incomplete data, and past history of hematologic disorders. We examined the association of platelet counts and MPV values with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) levels and increased arterial stiffness.
RESULTS
Platelet count was significantly higher in participants with increased arterial stiffness than in those without. The multiple linear regression model revealed that platelet counts were positively associated with baPWV levels (β = 1.88, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.96 to 2.80). In the binary logistic regression analysis, subjects in the higher platelet counts quartiles had a higher risk of developing increased arterial stiffness (Q2 vs. Q1: odds ratio (OR): 1.54, 95% CI: 1.05 to 2.27; Q3 vs. Q1: OR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.06 to 2.33; and Q4 vs. Q1: OR: 2.23, 95% CI: 1.50 to 3.30). In contrast, MPV levels were not associated with arterial stiffness.
CONCLUSIONS
Platelet count in midlife was positively associated with baPWV levels. Participants in higher platelet quartiles were at risk for increased arterial stiffness.
Topics: Humans; Middle Aged; Vascular Stiffness; Pulse Wave Analysis; Ankle Brachial Index; Platelet Count; Reference Values; Risk Factors
PubMed: 36242594
DOI: 10.18632/aging.204335 -
Clinical and Applied... Sep 2017The significance of platelet size indices has not been widely analyzed in anorexia nervosa (AN). It seems important to get more knowledge on the easily available indices...
The significance of platelet size indices has not been widely analyzed in anorexia nervosa (AN). It seems important to get more knowledge on the easily available indices of platelet function obtained by routine complete blood count analysis in patients with AN. We analyzed platelet count (PLT), platelet distribution width (PDW), and mean platelet volume using an automated blood cell counter in 25 females with AN and healthy age- and gender-matched nonatopic controls. Mean PLT was significantly lower in patients with AN than in the control group. Platelet distribution width values in patients with AN were significantly higher than those in the controls. Platelet distribution width values significantly correlated with the disease duration and rate of body weight loss in the anorectic patients. Anorexia nervosa in adolescents is associated with a decrease in PLT along with an increased PDW, which may be an indicator of dysregulated thrombopoiesis.
Topics: Adolescent; Anorexia Nervosa; Blood Platelets; Case-Control Studies; Cell Shape; Female; Humans; Mean Platelet Volume; Platelet Count; Weight Loss
PubMed: 28449596
DOI: 10.1177/1076029617705727 -
Communications Biology Sep 2021Platelets play an important role in hemostasis and other aspects of vascular biology. We conducted a meta-analysis of platelet count GWAS using data on 536,974 Europeans... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Platelets play an important role in hemostasis and other aspects of vascular biology. We conducted a meta-analysis of platelet count GWAS using data on 536,974 Europeans and identified 577 independent associations. To search for mechanisms through which these variants affect platelets, we applied cis-expression quantitative trait locus, DEPICT and IPA analyses and assessed genetic sharing between platelet count and various traits using polygenic risk scoring. We found genetic sharing between platelet count and counts of other blood cells (except red blood cells), in addition to several other quantitative traits, including markers of cardiovascular, liver and kidney functions, height, and weight. Platelet count polygenic risk score was predictive of myeloproliferative neoplasms, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, hypertension, and benign prostate hyperplasia. Taken together, these results advance understanding of diverse aspects of platelet biology and how they affect biological processes in health and disease.
Topics: Biomarkers; Female; Genetic Variation; Humans; Male; Phenotype; Platelet Count; Quantitative Trait Loci
PubMed: 34580418
DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02642-9