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Human Reproduction (Oxford, England) Oct 2019Are reproductive characteristics associated with genome-wide DNA methylation and epigenetic age?
STUDY QUESTION
Are reproductive characteristics associated with genome-wide DNA methylation and epigenetic age?
SUMMARY ANSWER
Our data suggest that increasing parity is associated with differences in blood DNA methylation and small increases in epigenetic age.
WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY
A study of 397 young Filipino women (ages 20-22) observed increasing epigenetic age with an increasing number of pregnancies.
STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION
We used data from 2356 non-Hispanic white women (ages 35-74) enrolled in the Sister Study cohort.
PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS
Data on reproductive history were ascertained via questionnaire. Of the 2356 women, 1897 (81%) reported at least one live birth. Among parous women, 487 (26%) women reported ever experiencing a pregnancy complication. Three epigenetic clocks (i.e. Hannum, Horvath and Levine) and genome-wide methylation were measured in DNA from whole blood using Illumina's HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. We estimated association β-values and 95% CIs using linear regression.
MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE
All three epigenetic clocks showed weak associations between number of births and epigenetic age (per live birth; Hannum: β = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.02, 0.29, P = 0.03; Horvath: β = 0.12, 95% CI = -0.04, 0.27, P = 0.14; Levine: β = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.08, 0.45, P = 0.01); however, additional adjustment for current BMI attenuated the associations. Among parous women, a history of abnormal glucose tolerance during pregnancy was associated with increased epigenetic age by the Hannum clock (β = 0.96; 95% CI = 0.10, 1.81; P = 0.03) and Levine clocks (β = 1.69; 95% CI = 0.54, 2.84; P < 0.01). In epigenome-wide analysis, increasing parity was associated with methylation differences at 17 CpG sites (Bonferroni corrected P≤ 1.0 × 10-7).
LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION
We relied on retrospective recall to ascertain reproductive history and pregnancy complications.
WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS
Our findings suggest that parity is associated with small increases in epigenetic age and with DNA methylation at multiple sites in the genome.
STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S)
This research was supported by the Intramural Research program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01-ES049033, Z01-ES049032 and Z01-ES044055). None of the authors have a conflict of interest.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
Not applicable.
Topics: Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Aging; Body Mass Index; DNA Methylation; Epigenesis, Genetic; Female; Humans; Live Birth; Middle Aged; Parity; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Prospective Studies; Puerto Rico; Retrospective Studies; Surveys and Questionnaires; United States
PubMed: 31600381
DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dez149 -
International Journal of Molecular... Oct 2022Briefly, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) plays an essential role in embryogenesis and the course of intra- and postnatal periods and is crucially involved in the... (Review)
Review
Briefly, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) plays an essential role in embryogenesis and the course of intra- and postnatal periods and is crucially involved in the functioning of the mother-placenta-fetus system. The low quantity of 25(OH)D during pregnancy can lead to an elevated risk for preeclampsia occurrence. Despite the numerous studies on the association of 25(OH)D deficiency and preeclampsia development, the current research on this theme is contradictory. In this review, we summarize and analyze study data on the effects of 25(OH)D deficiency and supplementation on pregnancy, labor, and fetal and neonatal outcomes.
Topics: Pregnancy; Infant, Newborn; Female; Humans; Vitamin D Deficiency; Pre-Eclampsia; Vitamin D; Dietary Supplements; Pregnancy Complications
PubMed: 36361738
DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112935 -
Fertility and Sterility Oct 2015The risk of pregnancy and neonatal complications in women with endometriosis and adenomyosis is debatable. A literature review looking at rates, presentation, and... (Review)
Review
The risk of pregnancy and neonatal complications in women with endometriosis and adenomyosis is debatable. A literature review looking at rates, presentation, and management of spontaneous hemoperitoneum, enlargement, abscess, and rupture of an endometrioma, uterine rupture, and bowel perforation in pregnant women with endometriosis was conducted. Moreover, studies addressing differences in early pregnancy (miscarriage), late pregnancy (gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, prematurity, placenta previa, placental abruption, cesarean section, hemorrhages) and neonatal outcomes (weight at birth) between endometriosis and adenomyosis patients versus control subjects were reviewed. The overall prevalence of endometriosis-related spontaneous hemoperitoneum in pregnancy is estimated to be ∼0.4%. Only four cases of endometrioma rupture in pregnancy have been reported. Although during pregnancy there is no way to anticipate the onset of complications from preexisting endometriosis, it is important, when a specific abdominal pain occurs, to suspect rare but potentially life-threating events. Population-based studies suggest a possible association of endometriosis with preterm birth and placenta previa. Limits of the published studies are noted and discussed.
Topics: Adenomyosis; Endometriosis; Female; Hemoperitoneum; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infertility; Ovarian Diseases; Peritoneal Diseases; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Puerperal Disorders
PubMed: 26348274
DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.08.030 -
International Journal of Gynaecology... Jan 2001Depression is a ubiquitous disorder in childbearing women with up to 10% of women experiencing depression in pregnancy. Postpartum depression occurs in 12-16% of... (Review)
Review
Depression is a ubiquitous disorder in childbearing women with up to 10% of women experiencing depression in pregnancy. Postpartum depression occurs in 12-16% of pregnancies making it a common complication. Moreover, these illnesses are frequently underdiagnosed in obstetric settings, and a recent report of the Surgeon General's Office confirms that many women do not access services, or receive treatment of inadequate intensity or duration. This paper provides current treatment guidelines to aid in appropriate diagnosis and treatment of depression in pregnancy and postpartum. Review of current literature on psychotropic medication use in pregnancy is also provided.
Topics: Adult; Antidepressive Agents; Depression, Postpartum; Depressive Disorder; Female; Guidelines as Topic; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Prognosis; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 11146079
DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(00)00318-0 -
Cardiovascular Journal of Africa 2016Valvular heart disease may be a pre-existing complication of pregnancy or it may be diagnosed for the first time during pregnancy. Accurate diagnosis, tailored therapy... (Review)
Review
Valvular heart disease may be a pre-existing complication of pregnancy or it may be diagnosed for the first time during pregnancy. Accurate diagnosis, tailored therapy and an understanding of the physiology and pathophysiology of pregnancy are necessary components of management, best achieved through the use of multidisciplinary clinics. This review outlines the management of specific lesions, with particular reference to post-rheumatic valvular heart disease.
Topics: Disease Management; Female; Heart Valve Diseases; Humans; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular; Rheumatic Heart Disease; Risk Assessment
PubMed: 27213859
DOI: 10.5830/CVJA-2016-052 -
Public Health Nutrition Jul 2016To investigate associations of maternal periconceptional shellfish, lean fish and fatty fish intake with risk of pregnancy complications.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate associations of maternal periconceptional shellfish, lean fish and fatty fish intake with risk of pregnancy complications.
DESIGN
In this prospective cohort study, we collected information on intake of seafood subtypes using FFQ. We categorized seafood intake into frequencies of 1 servings/week. We ascertained gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes and preterm birth diagnoses from medical records. Using generalized linear models with a log link, the Poisson family and robust standard errors, we estimated risk ratios and 95 % confidence intervals across seafood intake categories.
SETTING
The Omega study, a study of risk factors for pregnancy complications among women recruited from prenatal clinics in Washington State, USA, 1996-2008.
SUBJECTS
The current study included 3279 participants from the Omega study.
RESULTS
Median (interquartile range) shellfish, lean fish and fatty fish intake was 0·3 (0-0·9), 0·5 (0-1·0) and 0·5 (0·1-1·0) servings/week, respectively. Lean fish intake of >1 servings/week (v. <0·2 servings/month) was associated with a 1·55-fold higher risk of preterm birth (95 % CI 1·04, 2·30) and was not associated with the other pregnancy complications. Higher intake of seafood (total or other subtypes) was not associated with pregnancy complications (separately or combined).
CONCLUSIONS
Higher intake of lean fish, but not fatty fish or shellfish, was associated with a higher risk of preterm birth; these findings may have significance for preterm birth prevention. Studies of mechanisms and potential contributing factors (including seafood preparation and nutrient/contaminant content) are warranted.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Diabetes, Gestational; Diet; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Female; Humans; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced; Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Premature Birth; Prospective Studies; Seafood; Washington
PubMed: 26626702
DOI: 10.1017/S136898001500316X -
Journal of Korean Medical Science Jul 2021Non-obstetric surgery during pregnancy is associated with adverse obstetric and fetal outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of adverse pregnancy...
BACKGROUND
Non-obstetric surgery during pregnancy is associated with adverse obstetric and fetal outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes for women who underwent non-obstetric pelvic surgery during pregnancy compared with that of women that did not undergo surgery.
METHODS
Study data from women who gave birth in Korea were collected from the Korea National Health Insurance claims database between 2006 and 2016. We identified pregnant women who underwent abdominal non-obstetric pelvic surgery by laparoscopy or laparotomy from the database. Pregnancy outcomes including preterm birth, low birth weight (LBW), cesarean section (C/S), gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, and postpartum hemorrhage were identified. The adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the pregnancy outcomes were estimated by multivariate regression models.
RESULTS
Data from 4,439,778 women were collected for this study. From 2006-2016, 9,417 women from the initial cohort underwent non-obstetric pelvic surgery (adnexal mass resection, appendectomy) during pregnancy. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that preterm birth (HR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.81-2.23), LBW (HR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.46-1.79), C/S (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.08-1.18), and gestational hypertension (HR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.18-1.55) were significantly more frequent in women who underwent non-obstetric surgery during pregnancy compared to pregnant women who did not undergo surgery. When the laparoscopic and laparotomy groups were compared for risk of fetal outcomes, the risk of LBW was significantly decreased in laparoscopic adnexal resection during pregnancy compared to laparotomy (odds ratio, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.40-0.95).
CONCLUSION
Non-obstetric pelvic surgery during pregnancy was associated with a higher risk of preterm birth, LBW, gestational hypertension, placenta previa, placental abruption, and C/S. Although the benefits and safety of laparoscopy during pregnancy appear similar to those of laparotomy in regard to pregnancy outcomes, laparoscopic adnexal mass resection was associated with a lower risk of LBW.
Topics: Adnexa Uteri; Adult; Cesarean Section; Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Fetal Growth Retardation; Humans; Incidence; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Newborn; Laparoscopy; Laparotomy; Pelvis; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy Outcome; Premature Birth; Republic of Korea; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 34313034
DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2021.36.e192 -
Journal of Diabetes Research 2020Gestational diabetes mellitus is a progressive and complex pregnancy complication, which threatens both maternal and fetal health. It is urgent to screen for specific... (Review)
Review
Gestational diabetes mellitus is a progressive and complex pregnancy complication, which threatens both maternal and fetal health. It is urgent to screen for specific biomarkers for early diagnosis and precise treatment, as well as to identify key moleculars to better understand the pathogenic mechanisms. In the present review, we comprehensively summarized recent studies of gestational diabetes using mass spectrometry-based proteomic technologies. Focused on the entire experimental design and proteomic results, we showed that these studies have covered a broad range of research contents in terms of sampling time, sample types, and outcome associations. Although most of the studies only stayed in the stage of initial discovery, several proteins were further verified to be efficient for disease diagnosis. Functional analysis of all the combined significant proteins also showed that a small number of proteins are known to be involved in the regulation of insulin or indirect signaling pathways. However, many factors such as diagnostic criteria, sample processing, proteomic method, and statistical method can greatly affect the identification of reproducible and reliable protein candidates. Thus, we further provided constructive suggestions and recommendations for carrying out proteomic or follow-up studies of gestational diabetes or other pregnancy complications in the future.
Topics: Biomarkers; Diabetes, Gestational; Female; Humans; Pregnancy; Proteome; Proteomics
PubMed: 32724825
DOI: 10.1155/2020/6450352 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2022Many patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) refrain from seeking pregnancy, suffer from infertility or worry about pregnancy complications, mainly due to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
UNLABELLED
Many patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) refrain from seeking pregnancy, suffer from infertility or worry about pregnancy complications, mainly due to genitalia abnormalities, anovulation, unreceptive endometrium and metabolic disturbances. Despite those challenges, many live births have been reported. In this systematic review, we focused on the key to successful assisted reproduction strategies and the potential pregnancy complications. We did a systematic literature search of Pubmed, Medline and Scopus for articles reporting successful pregnancies in CAH other than 21-hydroxylase deficiency, and found 25 studies reporting 39 pregnancies covering deficiency in steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase, 11β-hydroxylase, P450 oxidoreductase, cytochrome b5 and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. We summarized various clinical manifestations and tailored reproduction strategy for each subtype. Furthermore, a meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the pregnancy complications of CAH patients. A total of 19 cross-sectional or cohort studies involving 1311 pregnancies of classic and non-classic CAH patients were included. Surprisingly, as high as 5.5% (95% CI 2.3%-9.7%) of pregnancies were electively aborted, and the risk was significantly higher in those studies with a larger proportion of classic CAH than those with only non-classical patients (8.43% (4.1%-13.81%) VS 3.75%(1.2%-7.49%)), which called for better family planning. Pooled incidence of miscarriage was 18.2% (13.4%-23.4%) with a relative risk (RR) of 1.86 (1.27-2.72) compared to control. Glucocorticoid treatment in non-classical CAH patients significantly lowered the miscarriage rate when compared to the untreated group (RR 0.25 (0.13-0.47)). CAH patients were also more susceptible to gestational diabetes mellitus, with a prevalence of 7.3% (2.4%-14.1%) and a RR 2.57 (1.29-5.12). However, risks of preeclampsia, preterm birth and small for gestational age were not significantly different. 67.8% (50.8%-86.9%) CAH patients underwent Cesarean delivery, 3.86 (1.66-8.97) times the risk of the control group. These results showed that fertility is possible for CAH patients but special care was necessary when planning, seeking and during pregnancy.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
PROSPERO https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=342642, CRD42022342642.
Topics: Abortion, Spontaneous; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cytochromes b5; Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases; Infant, Newborn; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Premature Birth; Reproduction; Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase
PubMed: 36120452
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.982953 -
Lipids in Health and Disease Jan 2020Acute pancreatitis is a pregnancy complication potentially lethal for both the mother and fetus, occurring most frequently in the third trimester or early postpartum.... (Review)
Review
Acute pancreatitis is a pregnancy complication potentially lethal for both the mother and fetus, occurring most frequently in the third trimester or early postpartum. Hypertriglyceridemia may be the cause of important disease in pregnant patients. Patients with triglyceride levels exceeding 1000 mg/dL are at increased risk of developing severe pancreatitis. Diagnostic criteria and management protocols are not specific for pancreatitis complicating pregnancy. Other causes of acute abdominal pain must be considered in the differential diagnosis. Decision-making in the obstetric context is challenging and bears potential legal implications. Pre-pregnancy preventive measures and prenatal antilipemic treatment are mandatory in high risk patients.
Topics: Acute Disease; Aftercare; Female; Humans; Hypertriglyceridemia; Hypolipidemic Agents; Pancreatitis; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Triglycerides
PubMed: 31901241
DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1180-7