-
BioMed Research International 2018
Topics: Humans; Male; Prostatic Neoplasms
PubMed: 29511674
DOI: 10.1155/2018/2807813 -
Biomolecules Feb 2021While a protein primary structure is determined by genetic code, its specific functional form is mostly achieved in a dynamic interplay that includes actions of many... (Review)
Review
While a protein primary structure is determined by genetic code, its specific functional form is mostly achieved in a dynamic interplay that includes actions of many enzymes involved in post-translational modifications. This versatile repertoire is widely used by cells to direct their response to external stimuli, regulate transcription and protein localization and to keep proteostasis. Herein, post-translational modifications with evident potency to drive prostate cancer are explored. A comprehensive list of proteome-wide and single protein post-translational modifications and their involvement in phenotypic outcomes is presented. Specifically, the data on phosphorylation, glycosylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, acetylation, and lipidation in prostate cancer and the enzymes involved are collected. This type of knowledge is especially valuable in cases when cancer cells do not differ in the expression or mutational status of a protein, but its differential activity is regulated on the level of post-translational modifications. Since their driving roles in prostate cancer, post-translational modifications are widely studied in attempts to advance prostate cancer treatment. Current strategies that exploit the potential of post-translational modifications in prostate cancer therapy are presented.
Topics: Disease Progression; Humans; Male; Prostatic Neoplasms; Protein Processing, Post-Translational
PubMed: 33572160
DOI: 10.3390/biom11020247 -
International Journal of Molecular... Nov 2015Cancer stem cells have been defined as cells within a tumor that possesses the capacity to self-renew and to cause the heterogeneous lineages of cancer cells that... (Review)
Review
Cancer stem cells have been defined as cells within a tumor that possesses the capacity to self-renew and to cause the heterogeneous lineages of cancer cells that comprise the tumor. Experimental evidence showed that these highly tumorigenic cells might be responsible for initiation and progression of cancer into invasive and metastatic disease. Eradicating prostate cancer stem cells, the root of the problem, has been considered as a promising target in prostate cancer treatment to improve the prognosis for patients with advanced stages of the disease.
Topics: Animals; Biomarkers; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Male; Neoplastic Stem Cells; Prostate; Prostatic Neoplasms; Signal Transduction; Stem Cell Niche
PubMed: 26593898
DOI: 10.3390/ijms161126036 -
British Journal of Cancer Apr 2013Proton therapy is a promising, but costly, treatment for prostate cancer. Theoretical physical advantages exist; yet to date, it has been shown only to be comparably... (Review)
Review
Proton therapy is a promising, but costly, treatment for prostate cancer. Theoretical physical advantages exist; yet to date, it has been shown only to be comparably safe and effective when compared with the alternatives and not necessarily superior. If clinically meaningful benefits do exist for patients, more rigorous study will be needed to detect them and society will require this to justify the investment of time and money. New technical advances in proton beam delivery coupled with shortened overall treatment times and declining device costs have the potential to make this a more cost-effective therapy in the years ahead.
Topics: Health Care Costs; Humans; Male; Prostatic Neoplasms; Proton Therapy
PubMed: 23481182
DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.100 -
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer... Apr 2018Screening may be effective for reducing deaths due to prostate cancer. The aim of this study was determine the prevalence and determinants influencing prostate cancer...
Screening may be effective for reducing deaths due to prostate cancer. The aim of this study was determine the prevalence and determinants influencing prostate cancer early detection behaviors based on the theory planned behavior (TPB). In this cross-sectional study, conducted in the west of Iran, a total of 250 men aged 50 to 70 years old were randomly selected to participate. Of these, 200 (80%) signed the consent form and voluntarily agreed to take part. A structured questionnaire based on TPB constructs was applied for collecting data by interview. Analyses were conducted with SPSS version 16 using bivariate correlations, and logistic and linear regression. Some 26.5% of the participants demonstrated prostate cancer early detection behavior. Age higher than 60 (OR: 5.969), academic education (OR: 2.904), number of family members more than four (OR: 3.144), and knowledge about prostate cancer (OR: 3.693) were the most influential predictive factors for early detection behavior. Furthermore, among the TPB constructs, attitude (OR=1.090) and subjective norms (OR=1.280) were the most influential predictors. Attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control accounted for 43% of the variation in the outcome measure of the intention to screen for prostate cancer (adjusted R squared= 0.43, F= 49.270 and P < 0.001). Designing and implementation programs to increase positive attitudes and encourage subjective norms towards prostate cancer screening behavior may be useful for promotion of early detection.
Topics: Aged; Cognition; Cross-Sectional Studies; Early Detection of Cancer; Health Behavior; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Iran; Male; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Prostatic Neoplasms; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 29699054
DOI: 10.22034/APJCP.2018.19.4.1041 -
IUBMB Life Jun 2014Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most commonly occurring malignant tumor in Europe and America. Normal and neoplastic growth of prostate gland are dependent on... (Review)
Review
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most commonly occurring malignant tumor in Europe and America. Normal and neoplastic growth of prostate gland are dependent on androgen receptor (AR) expression and function. PCa is driven by androgen and its receptor, and they continue to be the key drivers of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). CRPC is the terminal stage of PCa and seriously jeopardizes the patient's quality of life and lifespan. miRNAs are small noncoding RNAs, 18-25 nt in length that destabilize mRNA or repress protein synthesis by interacting with the 3'-untranslated regions (3'-UTR) of target mRNAs. miRNAs can regulate AR or be regulated by AR and then affect various signaling pathways related to cellular functions and tumor processes. In this review, we focus on the relationship between miRNAs and AR in PCa and elucidate their roles in the induction of malignant changes in PCa.
Topics: Disease Progression; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Male; MicroRNAs; Prostatic Neoplasms; Receptors, Androgen
PubMed: 24979663
DOI: 10.1002/iub.1281 -
Frontiers in Immunology 2024The emergence of resistance to prostate cancer (PCa) treatment, particularly to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), has posed a significant challenge in the field of PCa... (Review)
Review
The emergence of resistance to prostate cancer (PCa) treatment, particularly to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), has posed a significant challenge in the field of PCa management. Among the therapeutic options for PCa, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and hormone therapy are commonly used modalities. However, these therapeutic approaches, while inducing apoptosis in tumor cells, may also trigger stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS). Cellular senescence, an entropy-driven transition from an ordered to a disordered state, ultimately leading to cell growth arrest, exhibits a dual role in PCa treatment. On one hand, senescent tumor cells may withdraw from the cell cycle, thereby reducing tumor growth rate and exerting a positive effect on treatment. On the other hand, senescent tumor cells may secrete a plethora of cytokines, growth factors and proteases that can affect neighboring tumor cells, thereby exerting a negative impact on treatment. This review explores how radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and hormone therapy trigger SIPS and the nuanced impact of senescent tumor cells on PCa treatment. Additionally, we aim to identify novel therapeutic strategies to overcome resistance in PCa treatment, thereby enhancing patient outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Cellular Senescence; Male; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Prostatic Neoplasms; Animals
PubMed: 38694500
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1395047 -
BMC Urology Feb 2024Although prostate cancer is a prevalent malignancy worldwide, its clinical presentation and management in the Middle East are not well-documented. This study aims to...
BACKGROUND
Although prostate cancer is a prevalent malignancy worldwide, its clinical presentation and management in the Middle East are not well-documented. This study aims to provide insights into the initial clinical presentation and management of prostate cancer in this region.
METHODS
A retrospective review was conducted on seven institutional databases from six Middle Eastern countries, including Türkiye, Lebanon, Iraq, Syria, Bahrain, and Jordan, to identify patients diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2021. Descriptive analysis was performed on the collected data to provide an overview of the demographic, clinical, and treatment variables.
RESULTS
A total of 1,136 patients were identified with a median age of 70 (range, 50-84). Most patients (78%) received their prostate cancer diagnosis after presenting with symptoms, as opposed to routine PSA screening. At the time of diagnosis, 35% of men had clinical T3 or T4 disease, 54% with Stage IV disease and 50% with Gleason score ≥ 8. Regarding treatment, 20% of non-metastatic and 22% of metastatic patients received no treatment.
CONCLUSION
Most men in this study sought prostate cancer evaluation due to symptoms and were subsequently diagnosed with advanced-stage disease, providing a foundation for future research aimed at understanding the underlying factors behind the observed trends and enabling informed interventions.
Topics: Male; Humans; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Retrospective Studies; Iraq; Lebanon; Neoplasm Staging
PubMed: 38336732
DOI: 10.1186/s12894-024-01427-6 -
Cancer Aug 2022The diversity of the United Kingdom population and its health care personnel makes it unique for research into evidence-based prostate cancer screening and management...
The diversity of the United Kingdom population and its health care personnel makes it unique for research into evidence-based prostate cancer screening and management strategies. Therefore, ensuring that appropriate systems and services are available to enhance treatment support for men with underlying risk factors should be a priority for health care providers. More efforts are also needed to ensure the representation of men of Black ethnic origin and underserved populations in future prostate cancer research used to inform clinical guidelines.
Topics: Early Detection of Cancer; Ethnicity; Humans; Male; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Risk Factors; United States
PubMed: 35649153
DOI: 10.1002/cncr.34337 -
Tidsskrift For Den Norske Laegeforening... Jun 2017The treatment of prostate cancer with remote metastases has advanced greatly in recent years. Treatment options are dependent on the extent of the metastases, the... (Review)
Review
The treatment of prostate cancer with remote metastases has advanced greatly in recent years. Treatment options are dependent on the extent of the metastases, the patient’s general condition and wishes, and the treatment response. We present an overview of the latest options for systemic treatment of patients with metastatic prostate cancer, based on availability in Norway.
Topics: Algorithms; Androgen Antagonists; Antineoplastic Agents; Humans; Male; Neoplasm Metastasis; Norway; Orchiectomy; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant
PubMed: 28597635
DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.16.0265