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British Medical Journal Oct 1954
Topics: Blood Coagulation; Coumarins; Hemorrhage; Hemostatics; Humans; Liver Diseases; Prothrombin; Prothrombin Time
PubMed: 13199356
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.2.4894.961 -
Journal of Medical Toxicology :... Jun 2016
Topics: Acetaminophen; Acetylcysteine; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Drug Overdose; Humans; Prothrombin Time
PubMed: 26567032
DOI: 10.1007/s13181-015-0514-8 -
Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis 2000The prothrombin time (PT) is one of the most important laboratory tests to determine the functionality of the blood coagulation system. It is used in patient care to... (Review)
Review
The prothrombin time (PT) is one of the most important laboratory tests to determine the functionality of the blood coagulation system. It is used in patient care to diagnose diseases of coagulation, assess the risk of bleeding in patients undergoing operative procedures, monitor patients being treated with oral anticoagulant (coumadin) therapy, and evaluate liver function. The PT is performed by measuring the clotting time of platelet-poor plasma after the addition of calcium and thromboplastin, a combination of tissue factor and phospholipid. Intra- and interlaboratory variation in the PT was a significant problem for clinical laboratories in the past, when crude extracts of rabbit brain or human placenta were the only source of thromboplastin. The international normalized ratio (INR), developed by the World Health Organization in the early 1980s, is designed to eliminate problems in oral anticoagulant therapy caused by variability in the sensitivity of different commercial sources and different lots of thromboplastin to blood coagulation factor VII. The INR is used worldwide by most laboratories performing oral anticoagulation monitoring, and is routinely incorporated into dosage planning for patients receiving warfarin. Although the recent availability of sensitive PT reagents prepared from recombinant human tissue factor (rHTF) and synthetic phospholipids eliminated many of the earlier problems associated with the use of crude thromboplastin preparations, local instrument variability in the INR still remains a problem. Presently, the use of plasma calibrants seems the best solution to this problem. Standardizing the point-of-care instruments for INR monitoring is another dilemma faced by the industry. Ultimately, new generations of anticoagulant drugs may eliminate the need for laboratory monitoring of anticoagulant therapy.
Topics: Hematology; Humans; International Normalized Ratio; Prothrombin Time
PubMed: 10797608
DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2825(2000)14:3<101::aid-jcla4>3.0.co;2-a -
Annals of Surgical Oncology Nov 2021Coagulopathy after cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is recognized but few details have been studied.
BACKGROUND
Coagulopathy after cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is recognized but few details have been studied.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to investigate changes in coagulation biomarkers and their predictive ability for venous thromboembolism (VTE).
METHODS
Patients undergoing CRS and HIPEC at Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden, from 2004 to 2014 were included in a prospective study of coagulation biomarkers. Prothrombin time international normalized ratio (PT-INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen, antithrombin, D-dimer, and platelets were sampled on postoperative days 1, 2, 5, and 10. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate predictive capacity for coagulation-related complications.
RESULTS
Overall, 380 patients were included (214 females, mean age 56 years); 38 patients had a history of thromboembolism and 57 were active smokers. Mean perioperative blood loss was 1228 mL and 231 (61%) received perioperative blood transfusions. PT-INR and APTT were elevated directly after surgery but returned to normal levels on postoperative day 5. Conversely, fibrinogen, platelet count, D-dimer, and antithrombin increased by postoperative day 5 and continued to increase up to day 10. There were 23 radiologically verified cases of VTE within 6 months. The multivariate analysis identified a completeness of cytoreduction score of 2-3 (p = 0.047) and day 2 D-dimer (p = 0.0082) as independent risk factors for postoperative VTE.
CONCLUSION
Significant postoperative changes in coagulation biomarkers occur with dynamic changes over 10 days postoperatively. The incidence of symptomatic VTE was low. Residual tumor at completion of surgery and elevated D-dimer on day 2 were independent risk factors for postoperative VTE.
Topics: Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures; Female; Humans; Hyperthermia, Induced; Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Prothrombin Time; Venous Thromboembolism
PubMed: 33839978
DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-09941-9 -
American Journal of Veterinary Research Dec 2020To assess clotting times, coagulation factor activities, sterility, and thromboelastographic parameters of liquid plasma (LP), thawed fresh frozen plasma (FFP-T), and 2...
OBJECTIVE
To assess clotting times, coagulation factor activities, sterility, and thromboelastographic parameters of liquid plasma (LP), thawed fresh frozen plasma (FFP-T), and 2 novel formulations of freeze-dried plasma (FDP) stored refrigerated over 35 days.
SAMPLE
6 units of canine LP and FFP-T from a commercial animal blood bank and 5 units each of 2 formulations of canine FDP.
PROCEDURES
Prothrombin time; activated partial thromboplastin time; activities of coagulation factors II, V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, and XII; and thromboelastographic parameters were determined for each product on days 0 (baseline), 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 35. For each day, a sample of each product was also submitted for aerobic bacterial culture.
RESULTS
Small changes in coagulation factor activities and mild increased time to initial clot formation in LP and FFP-T were noted over the 35-day storage period. Activities of factor VIII in FDP1 and factor XII in FDP2 were < 50% at baseline but varied throughout. Compared with FFP-T, time to initial clot formation was increased and clot strength was preserved or increased for the FDPs throughout the study. One FDP had decreased pH, compared with other products. No plasma product yielded bacterial growth.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Liquid plasma and FFP-T would be reasonable to use when stored refrigerated for up to 35 days. Both FDP products showed variability in coagulation factor activities. Studies investigating the usefulness of these plasma products (FDPs) in dogs and the variable days of refrigerated storage (all products) are warranted. ( 2020;81:964-972).
Topics: Animals; Blood Coagulation Factors; Cryopreservation; Dogs; Hemostasis; Hemostatics; Partial Thromboplastin Time; Plasma; Prothrombin Time
PubMed: 33251844
DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.81.12.964 -
Identification of and Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Their Influences on the Platelet Function.BioMed Research International 2016The aim of the study was to investigate and genetic polymorphisms and to evaluate the variability in the platelet function in healthy Chinese subjects. The genetic...
The aim of the study was to investigate and genetic polymorphisms and to evaluate the variability in the platelet function in healthy Chinese subjects. The genetic sequence of the entire coding region of the and genes was investigated. Adenosine diphosphate-induced platelet aggregation, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa content, bleeding time, and coagulation indexes were detected. Thirteen variants in the locus and 29 variants in the locus were identified in the Chinese population. The rs1009312 and rs2015049 were associated with the mean platelet volume. The rs70940817 was significantly correlated with the prothrombin time. The rs70940817 and rs112188890 were related with the activated partial thromboplastin time, and rs4642 was correlated with the thrombin time and fibrinogen. The minor alleles of rs56197296 and rs5919 were associated with decreased ADP-induced platelet aggregation, and rs55827077 was related with decreased GPIIb/IIIa per platelet. The rs1009312, rs2015049, rs3760364, rs567581451, rs7208170, and rs117052258 were related with bleeding time. Further studies are needed to explore the clinical importance of and SNPs in the platelet function.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alleles; Asian People; Bleeding Time; Blood Coagulation; Blood Platelets; Fibrinogen; Genotype; Humans; Integrin alpha2; Integrin beta3; Mean Platelet Volume; Middle Aged; Open Reading Frames; Platelet Aggregation; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Prothrombin Time; Young Adult
PubMed: 27965976
DOI: 10.1155/2016/5675084 -
British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Oct 2017
Topics: Anticoagulants; Body Size; Genotype; Humans; International Normalized Ratio; Prothrombin Time; Warfarin
PubMed: 28493597
DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13300 -
Thorax Nov 1967Pre-, per-, and post-operative anticoagulation at the therapeutic level is nowadays the most, if not the only, available effective method to prevent post-operative...
Pre-, per-, and post-operative anticoagulation at the therapeutic level is nowadays the most, if not the only, available effective method to prevent post-operative thrombo-embolism. There is no increased tendency to bleeding to be feared during the operation. The real danger of this prophylaxis consists of a treacherous tendency to acute relative overdosage after the operation. This is explained by the combined indirect action of anticoagulants and influences related to the operation. As its development can accurately be followed by laboratory tests, dangerous levels of anticoagulation can be prevented. Experiences in 242 surgical patients are presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the following post-operative routine: Coagulation studies (prothrombin time or thrombotest) at least twice daily during one week; fractionated administration of anticoagulants and, if necessary, small amounts (0·25-1 mg.) of vitamin K. The results suggest that with this policy the risk of thrombo-embolism in surgery can be considerably reduced, if not abolished.
Topics: Anticoagulants; Blood Coagulation Tests; Humans; Male; Medication Errors; Middle Aged; Postoperative Complications; Prothrombin Time; Thromboembolism; Vitamin K
PubMed: 6076513
DOI: 10.1136/thx.22.6.567 -
Canadian Medical Association Journal Mar 1972
Topics: Anticoagulants; Humans; Prothrombin Time; Thromboplastin
PubMed: 5021157
DOI: No ID Found -
Canadian Medical Association Journal Mar 1972
Topics: Animals; Anticoagulants; Brain Chemistry; Humans; Prothrombin Time; Rabbits; Thromboplastin
PubMed: 5021156
DOI: No ID Found