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Chinese Medicine Nov 2021Codonopsis pilosula, an important medicinal plant, can accumulate certain metabolites under moderate drought stress. Endophytes are involved in the metabolite...
BACKGROUND
Codonopsis pilosula, an important medicinal plant, can accumulate certain metabolites under moderate drought stress. Endophytes are involved in the metabolite accumulations within medicinal plants. It is still unknown that the endophytes of C. pilosula are associated with the accumulations of metabolites. This study aims to investigate the promoting effect of endophytes on the accumulations of active substances in C. pilosula under drought stress.
METHODS
High-performance liquid chromatography and high-throughput sequencing technology were performed to investigate changes in the contents of secondary metabolite and endophyte abundances of C. pilosula under drought stress, respectively. Spearman's correlation analysis was further conducted to identify the endophytic biomarkers related to accumulations of pharmacodynamic compounds. Culture-dependent experiments were performed to confirm the functions of endophytes in metabolite accumulations.
RESULTS
The distribution of pharmacological components and diversity and composition of endophytes showed tissue specificity within C. pilosula. The contents of lobetyolin, syringin, and atractylolide III in C. pilosula under drought stress were increased by 8.47%‒86.47%, 28.78%‒230.98%, and 32.17%‒177.86%, respectively, in comparison with those in untreated groups. The Chao 1 and Shannon indices in different parts of drought-stressed C. pilosula increased compared with those in untreated parts. The composition of endophytic communities in drought treatment parts of C. pilosula was different from that in control parts. A total of 226 microbial taxa were identified as potential biomarkers, of which the abundances of 42 taxa were significantly and positively correlated to the pharmacodynamic contents. Culture-dependent experiments confirmed that the contents of lobetyolin and atractylolide III were increased by the application of Epicoccum thailandicum, Filobasidium magnum, and Paraphoma rhaphiolepidis at the rates of 11.12%‒46.02%, and that the content of syringin was increased by Pseudomonas nitroreducens at the rates of 118.61%‒119.36%.
CONCLUSIONS
Certain endophytes participated in the accumulations of bioactive metabolites, which provided a scientific evidence for the development and application of microorganisms to improve the quality of traditional Chinese medicine.
PubMed: 34809641
DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00533-z -
Genomics Data Dec 2017. DF05 is a Gram negative, motile, aerobic, rod-shaped and psychrotrophic bacterium that was isolated from contaminated San Jacinto River sediment near River Terrace...
. DF05 is a Gram negative, motile, aerobic, rod-shaped and psychrotrophic bacterium that was isolated from contaminated San Jacinto River sediment near River Terrace Park in Channelview, Texas. The draft genome of strain DF05 consists of a total of 192 contigs assembled at the scaffold level totaling 6,487,527 bp and encoding for 5862 functional proteins, 1116 of which are annotated as hypothetical proteins. The bacterial chromosome has a GC content of 65.15% and contains 22 rRNA and 70 tRNA loci. In addition, approximately 142 proteins localized on the bacterial chromosome are associated with metabolism of aromatic compounds. A single plasmid approximately 95 kb in size was also detected carrying copies of RNA genes and multiple phage assembly proteins.
PubMed: 28856100
DOI: 10.1016/j.gdata.2017.07.011 -
International Journal of Molecular... 2012In this study, 207 strains of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic cellulolytic bacteria were isolated from the gut of Holotrichia parallela larvae. These bacterial...
In this study, 207 strains of aerobic and facultatively anaerobic cellulolytic bacteria were isolated from the gut of Holotrichia parallela larvae. These bacterial isolates were assigned to 21 genotypes by amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA). A partial 16S rDNA sequence analysis and standard biochemical and physiological tests were used for the assignment of the 21 representative isolates. Our results show that the cellulolytic bacterial community is dominated by the Proteobacteria (70.05%), followed by the Actinobacteria (24.15%), the Firmicutes (4.35%), and the Bacteroidetes (1.45%). At the genus level, Gram-negative bacteria including Pseudomonas, Ochrobactrum, Rhizobium, Cellulosimicrobium, and Microbacterium were the predominant groups, but members of Bacillus, Dyadobacter, Siphonobacter, Paracoccus, Kaistia, Devosia, Labrys, Ensifer, Variovorax, Shinella, Citrobacter, and Stenotrophomonas were also found. Furthermore, our results suggest that a significant amount of bacterial diversity exists among the cellulolytic bacteria, and that Siphonobacter aquaeclarae, Cellulosimicrobium funkei, Paracoccus sulfuroxidans, Ochrobactrum cytisi, Ochrobactrum haematophilum, Kaistia adipata, Devosia riboflavina, Labrys neptuniae, Ensifer adhaerens, Shinella zoogloeoides, Citrobacter freundii, and Pseudomonas nitroreducens are reported to be cellulolytic for the first time in this study. Our results indicate that the scarab gut is an attractive source for the study of novel cellulolytic microorganisms and enzymes useful for cellulose degradation.
Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Cellulase; Cellulose; Coleoptera; Gastrointestinal Tract; Larva; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Molecular Sequence Data
PubMed: 22489111
DOI: 10.3390/ijms13032563 -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Aug 2012A plasmid, pTA163, in Escherichia coli contained an approximately 34-kb gene fragment from Pseudomonas putida JYR-1 that included the genes responsible for the...
A plasmid, pTA163, in Escherichia coli contained an approximately 34-kb gene fragment from Pseudomonas putida JYR-1 that included the genes responsible for the metabolism of trans-anethole to protocatechuic acid. Three Tn5-disrupted open reading frame 10 (ORF 10) mutants of plasmid pTA163 lost their abilities to catalyze trans-anethole. Heterologously expressed ORF 10 (1,047 nucleotides [nt]) under a T7 promoter in E. coli catalyzed oxidative cleavage of a propenyl group of trans-anethole to an aldehyde group, resulting in the production of para-anisaldehyde, and this gene was designated tao (trans-anethole oxygenase). The deduced amino acid sequence of TAO had the highest identity (34%) to a hypothetical protein of Agrobacterium vitis S4 and likely contained a flavin-binding site. Preferred incorporation of an oxygen molecule from water into p-anisaldehyde using (18)O-labeling experiments indicated stereo preference of TAO for hydrolysis of the epoxide group. Interestingly, unlike the narrow substrate range of isoeugenol monooxygenase from Pseudomonas putida IE27 and Pseudomonas nitroreducens Jin1, TAO from P. putida JYR-1 catalyzed isoeugenol, O-methyl isoeugenol, and isosafrole, all of which contain the 2-propenyl functional group on the aromatic ring structure. Addition of NAD(P)H to the ultrafiltered cell extracts of E. coli (pTA163) increased the activity of TAO. Due to the relaxed substrate range of TAO, it may be utilized for the production of various fragrance compounds from plant phenylpropanoids in the future.
Topics: Allylbenzene Derivatives; Anisoles; Base Sequence; Benzaldehydes; Biotransformation; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; DNA Primers; Escherichia coli; Gene Library; Genes, Bacterial; Mass Spectrometry; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutagenesis; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen Isotopes; Oxygenases; Plasmids; Pseudomonas putida; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 22610435
DOI: 10.1128/AEM.00781-12