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Frontiers in Medicine 2023Although pre/pro/postbiotics have become more prevalent in dermatologic and cosmetic fields, the mode of action when topically applied is largely unknown. A multi-omic...
INTRODUCTION
Although pre/pro/postbiotics have become more prevalent in dermatologic and cosmetic fields, the mode of action when topically applied is largely unknown. A multi-omic approach was applied to decipher the impact of the skincare products with pre/postbiotics on skin microbiome and metabolome.
METHODS
Subjects with dry skin applied a body wash and body lotion with or without pre/postbiotics for 6 weeks. Skin hydration was measured at baseline, 3 and 6 weeks. Skin swabs were collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing, metagenomics and metabolomics analysis.
RESULTS
Skin hydration significantly increased in both groups. The prebiotic group significantly reduced opportunistic pathogens, e.g., and , and increased the commensals, e.g., , . Bacterial sugar degradation pathways were enriched in the prebiotic group, while fatty acid biosynthesis pathways were reduced in control. The changes on skin metabolome profiles by the products were more prominent. The prebiotic group performed greater modulation on many clinically-relevant metabolites compared to control. Correlation analysis showed and positively correlated with skin hydration, and negatively correlated with the metabolites that are positively associated with skin hydration improvement.
CONCLUSION
This holistic study supported a hypothesis that the pre/postbiotics increased skin hydration through the modulation of skin microbiome, metabolic pathways and metabolome.
PubMed: 37534320
DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1165980 -
MicrobiologyOpen Apr 2020Heterologous production of extracellular polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) depolymerases (PhaZs) has been of interest for over 30 years, but implementation is sometimes...
Heterologous production of extracellular polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) depolymerases (PhaZs) has been of interest for over 30 years, but implementation is sometimes difficult and can limit the scope of research. With the constant development of tools to improve recombinant protein production in Escherichia coli, we propose a method that takes characteristics of PhaZs from different bacterial strains into account. Recombinant His-tagged versions of PhaZs (rPhaZ) from Comamonas testosteroni 31A, Cupriavidus sp. T1, Marinobacter algicola DG893, Pseudomonas stutzeri, and Ralstonia sp. were successfully produced with varying expression, solubility, and purity levels. PhaZs from C. testosteroni and P. stutzeri were more amenable to heterologous expression in all aspects; however, using the E. coli Rosetta-gami B(DE3) expression strain and establishing optimal conditions for expression and purification (variation of IPTG concentration and use of size exclusion columns) helped circumvent low expression and purity for the other PhaZs. Degradation activity of the rPhaZs was compared using a simple PHB plate-based method, adapted to test for various pH and temperatures. rPhaZ from M. algicola presented the highest activity at 15°C, and rPhaZs from Cupriavidus sp. T1 and Ralstonia sp. had the highest activity at pH 5.4. The methods proposed herein can be used to test the production of soluble recombinant PhaZs and to perform preliminary evaluation for applications that require PHB degradation.
Topics: Bacteria; Bioreactors; Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; Comamonas testosteroni; Cupriavidus; Escherichia coli; Marinobacter; Pseudomonas stutzeri; Ralstonia; Recombinant Proteins
PubMed: 32087608
DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1001 -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Oct 1988Over 100 strains that utilized naphthalene as the only carbon and energy source were isolated from samples of marine sediments taken from a heavily polluted area. The...
Over 100 strains that utilized naphthalene as the only carbon and energy source were isolated from samples of marine sediments taken from a heavily polluted area. The isolates were characterized taxonomically and physiologically. Most of these strains belonged to the genus Pseudomonas, and seven of them did not fit any previous taxonomic description. They differed from type strains in a few biochemical characteristics and in the utilization of aromatic compounds. None had catechol 1,2-dioxygenase activity, and catechol 2,3-dioxygenase was responsible for the aromatic ring cleavage. DNA hybridization demonstrated a close relationship between two isolates and the Pseudomonas stutzeri type strain, and between five isolates and the Pseudomonas testosteroni type strain. On the basis of nutritional and enzymatic characteristics, it was assumed that the seven isolates represent new biovars belonging to the species P. testosteroni and P. stutzeri that are able to degrade aromatic hydrocarbons.
Topics: Biodegradation, Environmental; DNA, Bacterial; Flagella; Naphthalenes; Pseudomonas; Seawater; Water Microbiology
PubMed: 3202629
DOI: 10.1128/aem.54.10.2478-2485.1988 -
Microbiology (Reading, England) Jun 2005The integron-gene cassette system contributes to multiple antibiotic resistance in bacteria and is likely to be of broader evolutionary significance. However, the...
The integron-gene cassette system contributes to multiple antibiotic resistance in bacteria and is likely to be of broader evolutionary significance. However, the majority of integron diversity consists of chromosomal integrons (CIs), with mostly unknown phenotypes, which are poorly characterized. A pUC-based reporter plasmid (pUS23) was developed containing a recombination site [aadB 59 base element (59-be)] upstream of promoterless aadB [gentamicin (Gm) resistance] and gfp (green fluorescence) genes, and this construct was used to investigate the recombination and expression activities of the CI in Pseudomonas stutzeri strain Q. Electroporation of pUS23 into P. stutzeri Q gave ampicillin-resistant transformants, which yielded Gm(R) green fluorescent recombinants after plating on Gm medium. Site-specific integration of pUS23 at attI was detected by PCR in 8 % of Gm(R) colonies and the frequency of attI integration was estimated as 2.0 x 10(-8) per P. stutzeri Q(pUS23) cell. RT-PCR confirmed integron-mediated expression of aadB in one recombinant strain (Q23-17) and a promoter (P(c)) was localized to the 5' end of the intI gene. The integrated pUS23 and flanking integron DNA were cloned from genomic DNA of strain Q23-17 and sequenced, confirming that site-specific integration of the entire reporter plasmid had occurred at the attI site. An insertion sequence (ISPst5; IS5 family) was discovered in the vector backbone of the reporter plasmid integrated at attI and also in a pUS23 derivative recovered as a plasmid in Escherichia coli JM109. This is the first demonstration that wild-type CIs can capture gene cassettes and express cassette-associated genes.
Topics: Ampicillin Resistance; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Base Sequence; DNA Transposable Elements; DNA, Bacterial; Gene Expression; Genes, Reporter; Gentamicins; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Integrons; Molecular Sequence Data; Nucleotidyltransferases; Plasmids; Pseudomonas stutzeri; Recombination, Genetic; Selection, Genetic; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 15941993
DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.27854-0 -
Applied and Environmental Microbiology Apr 2022Aerobic methanotrophic activity is highly dependent on copper availability, and methanotrophs have developed multiple strategies to collect copper. Specifically, when...
Aerobic methanotrophic activity is highly dependent on copper availability, and methanotrophs have developed multiple strategies to collect copper. Specifically, when copper is limiting (ambient concentrations less than 1 μM), some methanotrophs produce and secret a small modified peptide (less than 1,300 Da) termed methanobactin (MB) that binds copper with high affinity. As MB is secreted into the environment, other microbes that require copper for their metabolism may be inhibited as MB may make copper unavailable; e.g., inhibition of denitrifiers as complete conversion nitrate to dinitrogen involves multiple enzymes, some of which are copper-dependent. Of key concern is inhibition of the copper-dependent nitrous oxide reductase (NosZ), the only known enzyme capable of converting nitrous oxide (NO) to dinitrogen. Herein, we show that different forms of MB differentially affect copper uptake and NO reduction by Pseudomonas stutzeri strain DCP-Ps1 (that expresses clade I NosZ) and Dechloromonas aromatica strain RCB (that expresses clade II NosZ). Specifically, in the presence of MB from Methylocystis sp. strain SB2 (SB2-MB), copper uptake and expression were more significantly reduced than in the presence of MB from Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b (OB3b-MB). Further, NO accumulation increased more significantly for both P. stutzeri strain DCP-Ps1 and D. aromatica strain RCB in the presence of SB2-MB versus OB3b-MB. These data illustrate that copper competition between methanotrophs and denitrifying bacteria can be significant and that the extent of such competition is dependent on the form of MB that methanotrophs produce. Herein, it was demonstrated that the different forms of methanobactin differentially enhance NO emissions from Pseudomonas stutzeri strain DCP-Ps1 (harboring clade I nitrous oxide reductase) and Dechloromonas aromatica strain RCB (harboring clade II nitrous oxide reductase). This work contributes to our understanding of how aerobic methanotrophs compete with denitrifiers for the copper uptake and also suggests how MBs prevent copper collection by denitrifiers, thus downregulating expression of nitrous oxide reductase. This study provides critical information for enhanced understanding of microbe-microbe interactions that are important for the development of better predictive models of net greenhouse gas emissions (i.e., methane and nitrous oxide) that are significantly controlled by microbial activity.
Topics: Betaproteobacteria; Copper; Imidazoles; Methylocystaceae; Methylosinus trichosporium; Nitrous Oxide; Oligopeptides; Pseudomonas stutzeri
PubMed: 35285718
DOI: 10.1128/aem.02346-21 -
Heliyon Apr 2024Overuse of sulfonamides in aquaculture and agriculture leads to residual drugs that cause serious pollution of the environment. However, the residues of sulfonamides in...
Overuse of sulfonamides in aquaculture and agriculture leads to residual drugs that cause serious pollution of the environment. However, the residues of sulfonamides in the environment are not unique, and the existing microbial degradation technology has a relatively low degradation rate of sulfonamides. Therefore, in this study, a strain (DLY-21) with the ability to degrade four common SAs was screened and isolated from aerobic compost. Under optimal conditions, the DLY-21 strain degraded four sulfonamides simultaneously within 48 h, and the degradation rates were all over 90%, with the average degradation rates of SAs being sulfoxide (SDM) ≈ sulfachloropyridazine (SCP) > sulfa quinoxaline (SQ) > sulfadiazine (SQ). In addition, the main compounds of the strain DLY-21-degrading SAs were identified by LC-MS analysis. On this basis, four detailed reaction pathways for SA degradation were deduced. This is the first report of the use of a strain to degrade four sulfonamide antibiotics (SQ, SDM, SCP, and SM1), which can improve the removal efficiency of sulfonamide antibiotic pollutants and thus ameliorate environmental pollution. The results showed that DLY-21 had a good degradation effect on four SAs (SQ, SDM, SCP, and SM1).
PubMed: 38601639
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29123 -
Biofilm Dec 2023Biofilms are complex microbial communities embedded in extracellular matrix. Pathogens within the biofilm become more resistant to the antibiotics than planktonic...
Biofilms are complex microbial communities embedded in extracellular matrix. Pathogens within the biofilm become more resistant to the antibiotics than planktonic counterparts. Novel strategies are required to encounter biofilms. Exopolysaccharides are one of the major components of biofilm matrix and play a vital role in biofilm architecture. In previous studies, a glycosyl hydrolase, PslG, from was found to be able to inhibit biofilm formation by disintegrating exopolysaccharide in biofilms. Here, we investigate the potential spectrum of PslG homologous protein with anti-biofilm activity. One glycosyl hydrolase from , PslG, exhibits anti-biofilm activities and the key catalytic residues of PslG are conserved with those of PslG. PslG at concentrations as low as 50 nM efficiently inhibits the biofilm formation of and disassemble its preformed biofilm. Furthermore, PslG exhibits anti-biofilm activity on a series of , including and pv. . PslG stays active under various temperatures. Our findings suggest that glycosyl hydrolase PslG has potential to be a broad spectrum inhibitor on biofilm formation of a wide range of .
PubMed: 37928620
DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2023.100155 -
Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2019Production water is the largest byproduct of the oil industry and must be treated before disposal, either by reinjection or shedding processes, with the purpose of...
Production water is the largest byproduct of the oil industry and must be treated before disposal, either by reinjection or shedding processes, with the purpose of eliminating emulsified crude oil and avoiding the operational and toxic problems associated with it. The objective of this work was to immobilize a hydrocarbon-degrading strain on activated carbons, to evaluate the biocomplex's capacity for catalyzing hydrocarbons from Oil in Brine emulsions (O/W) simulating produced waters. Activated carbons were prepared and their chemical and porous properties were estimated by XPS, pH and SEM, N₂ adsorption, and mercury porosimetry. Biomaterials were synthesized and hydrocarbon removal tests were performed. The basic and neutral carbons immobilized by physisorption in the macroporous space and electrostatic interactions (10⁸⁻10⁸ UFC∙g), while acid materials inhibited bacterial growth. Removal of aromatic hydrocarbons was more efficient using materials (60%⁻93%) and biomaterials (16%⁻84%) than using free (1%⁻47%), and the removal efficiencies of crude oil were 22%, 48% and 37% for and two biomaterials, respectively. The presence of minor hydrocarbons only when was present confirmed the biotransformation process.
PubMed: 30939741
DOI: 10.3390/nano9040500 -
Journal of Bacteriology Jan 2014The cbb3-type cytochrome c oxidases (cbb3-CcOs) are members of the heme-copper oxidase superfamily that couple the reduction of oxygen to translocation of protons across...
The cbb3-type cytochrome c oxidases (cbb3-CcOs) are members of the heme-copper oxidase superfamily that couple the reduction of oxygen to translocation of protons across the membrane. The cbb3-CcOs are present only in bacteria and play a primary role in microaerobic respiration, being essential for nitrogen-fixing endosymbionts and for some human pathogens. As frequently observed in Pseudomonads, Pseudomonas stutzeri contains two independent ccoNO(Q)P operons encoding the two cbb3 isoforms, Cbb3-1 and Cbb3-2. While the crystal structure of Cbb3-1 from P. stutzeri was determined recently and cbb3-CcOs from other organisms were characterized functionally, less emphasis has been placed on the isoform-specific differences between the cbb3-CcOs. In this work, both isoforms were homologously expressed in P. stutzeri strains from which the genomic version of the respective operon was deleted. We purified both cbb3 isoforms separately by affinity chromatography and increased the yield of Cbb3-2 to a similar level as Cbb3-1 by replacing its native promoter. Mass spectrometry, UV-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, as well as oxygen reductase and catalase activity measurements were employed to characterize both cbb3 isoforms. Differences were found concerning the thermal stability and the presence of subunit CcoQ. However, no significant differences between the two isoforms were observed otherwise. Interestingly, a surprisingly high turnover of at least 2,000 electrons s(-1) and a high Michaelis-Menten constant (Km ~ 3.6 mM) using ascorbate-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride (TMPD) as the electron donor were characteristic for both P. stutzeri cbb3-CcOs. Our work provides the basis for further mutagenesis studies of each of the two cbb3 isoforms specifically.
Topics: Calorimetry; Catalase; Chromatography, Affinity; Electron Transport Complex IV; Enzyme Stability; Gene Expression; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; Mass Spectrometry; Oxidoreductases; Protein Isoforms; Pseudomonas stutzeri; Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; Temperature
PubMed: 24214947
DOI: 10.1128/JB.01072-13 -
Journal of Clinical Pathology Jun 1974A comparison has been made of the sensitivities to various antibiotic and non-antibiotic substances of some strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and P. stutzeri, the latter... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
A comparison has been made of the sensitivities to various antibiotic and non-antibiotic substances of some strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and P. stutzeri, the latter including strains isolated from eye and other cosmetic products and from other sources. Whereas P. aeruginosa strains showed a high resistance to cetrimide and to benzalkonium chloride, the P. stutzeri strains were generally more sensitive to these and to chlorhexidine. The P. stutzeri strains were also more sensitive to the various antibiotics tested. The loss of the ability to transfer an R factor by two strains of P. aeruginosa caused no significant change in their drug sensitivity pattern.
Topics: Alkanes; Aminoglycosides; Ampicillin; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Benzalkonium Compounds; Biguanides; Carbenicillin; Cephaloridine; Cephalosporins; Chlorobenzenes; Extrachromosomal Inheritance; Gentamicins; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Penicillin Resistance; Polymyxins; Pseudomonas; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds
PubMed: 4369876
DOI: 10.1136/jcp.27.6.463