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Bulletin of the World Health... Apr 2021Transforming our world the 2030 agenda for sustainable development is working towards a world that reflects equity, with universal respect for human dignity, pledging to...
Transforming our world the 2030 agenda for sustainable development is working towards a world that reflects equity, with universal respect for human dignity, pledging to leave no one behind. However, transgender and gender-diverse individuals experience significant health inequities, including negative health outcomes and multiple barriers to accessing care. In this article, we first highlight the health inequities that transgender and gender-diverse people face globally. We describe important aspects of transgender and gender-diverse health care, including the design and provision of health services, epidemiological considerations, transition-related care, changes in transition-related goals, cultural considerations, and political and legal issues. We then review the existing global literature on incorporating transgender health into medical curricula. We make a case for prioritizing improved education in medical schools on the specific health needs of transgender and gender-diverse people as part of addressing global health inequities in care. Our recommendations for comprehensive education on transgender health include cultural humility and anti-oppression training; involvement of transgender and gender-diverse community members; integration of transgender and gender-diverse health into curricula; practice-focused and in situ training; staff development in medical schools; and improving access to careers in medicine for transgender and gender-diverse people.
Topics: Curriculum; Education, Medical; Gender Identity; Health Services Accessibility; Humans; Transgender Persons
PubMed: 33953447
DOI: 10.2471/BLT.19.249086 -
Fertility and Sterility Oct 2021The medical profession is deeply involved in designating and amending the sex designations on legal records that themselves are not used clinically. The assumptions... (Review)
Review
The medical profession is deeply involved in designating and amending the sex designations on legal records that themselves are not used clinically. The assumptions inherent in the current legal sex designation system and the criteria for amending such are being reexamined. The harms of the current legal sex designation system, especially for transgender people, have become increasingly recognized. Consequently, the appropriateness of the health care professional's participation in recording legal sex designations has been called into question. Herein, we describe the medicolegal challenges surrounding legal sex designations and their potential solutions.
Topics: Female; Gender Dysphoria; Gender Identity; Health Services for Transgender Persons; Human Rights; Humans; Male; Sex Reassignment Procedures; Transgender Persons; Transsexualism
PubMed: 34579827
DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.08.020 -
Annual Review of Clinical Psychology May 2022Defined as congenital conditions in which development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomic sex is atypical, differences or disorders of sex development (DSDs) comprise... (Review)
Review
Defined as congenital conditions in which development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomic sex is atypical, differences or disorders of sex development (DSDs) comprise many discrete diagnoses ranging from those associated with few phenotypic differences between affected and unaffected individuals to those where questions arise regarding gender of rearing, gonadal tumor risk, genital surgery, and fertility. Controversies exist in numerous areas including how DSDs are conceptualized, how to refer to the set of conditions and those affected by them, and aspects of clinical management that extend from social media to legislative bodies, courts of law, medicine, clinical practice, and scholarly research in psychology and sociology. In addition to these aspects, this review covers biological and social influences on psychosocial development and adjustment, the psychosocial and psychosexual adaptation of people born with DSDs, and roles for clinical psychologists in the clinical management of DSDs.
Topics: Disorders of Sex Development; Female; Gender Identity; Humans; Male; Sexual Development
PubMed: 35216524
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-081219-101412 -
Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) Mar 2023
Topics: Gender Identity; Sex; Research Design
PubMed: 36791222
DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.122.20745 -
JAMA Network Open Jun 2022Although LGBTQIA+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and other sexual and gender minority) physicians experience bias in the workplace, there is a paucity of...
IMPORTANCE
Although LGBTQIA+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and other sexual and gender minority) physicians experience bias in the workplace, there is a paucity of data on the experiences of physicians who identify specifically as transgender and/or gender expansive (TGE; gender expansive is an umbrella term encompassing individuals and gender identities that may exist beyond the binary framework [eg, may include nonbinary, genderqueer, and agender individuals]).
OBJECTIVES
To explore the professional experiences of TGE physicians, identify barriers to inclusion, and highlight stakeholder-derived strategies that promote an inclusive workplace.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
This qualitative study informed by semistructured interviews was conducted among 24 TGE physicians in the US from April 1 to December 31, 2021. The sample of TGE physicians was recruited using convenience and snowball sampling. Interviews were recorded and transcribed. Using thematic analysis, at least 2 members of the research team performed blinded coding of each transcript, in an iterative process.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
Data collection and thematic analysis examining themes of physicians' experiences.
RESULTS
Among 24 physicians (mean [SD] age, 39 [1.4] years) interviewed, 8 (33%) self-identified as transgender women, 7 (29%) as transgender men, 4 (17%) as nonbinary, 3 (13%) as transgender and nonbinary, and 2 (8%) as genderqueer. Prominent themes of the interviews included emotional distress as a result of transphobia, dominance of a rigid binary gender paradigm, and structural and institutional factors that are associated with psychological and physical safety and feelings of isolation as a TGE physician. Clear steps of affirmation were identified that could mitigate the emotional stressors, including signs of safety, active allyship, and mentorship by other TGE physicians.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
In this qualitative study, TGE physicians reported facing both overt and subtle biases associated with their identity and gender presentation. Participants also noted several interpersonal and structural factors that mitigate the effect of these biases.
Topics: Adult; Female; Gender Identity; Humans; Male; Physicians; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Transgender Persons; Transsexualism
PubMed: 35767255
DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.19791 -
Developmental Medicine and Child... Sep 2005This review presents a discussion of the sexual development of children and adolescents with disabilities, described in the framework of body structure and function,... (Review)
Review
This review presents a discussion of the sexual development of children and adolescents with disabilities, described in the framework of body structure and function, individual activities, and societal perspectives presented in the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. Issues of sexual development, gynecological care and contraception, sexual functioning, societal barriers, sexual victimization, and sexuality education are presented. Overall, adolescents with disabilities seem to be participating in sexual relationships without adequate knowledge and skills to keep them healthy, safe, and satisfied. Although their sexual development may be hindered both by functional limitations and by intentional or unintentional societal barriers, the formal and informal opportunities for teenagers with disabilities to develop into sexually expressive and fulfilled persons do exist. Health care providers are urged to increase their awareness of this unmet need and to implement strategies that promote the physical, emotional, social, and psychosexual independence of children, teenagers, and young adults with disabilities.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Disabled Children; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Health Promotion; Health Services Needs and Demand; Humans; Male; Physician's Role; Psychosexual Development; Sex Education; Sexuality; World Health Organization
PubMed: 16138674
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Environmental... Jun 2022Nursing and nursing professionals are associated with social stereotypes, which may hinder the profession's development and future prospects as a scientific discipline.... (Review)
Review
Nursing and nursing professionals are associated with social stereotypes, which may hinder the profession's development and future prospects as a scientific discipline. The aim of this study was to identify and describe the stereotypes associated with the nursing profession-students and professionals. Therefore, we carried out an integrative review. The search was conducted using PubMed, WOS, and CINAHL databases, and its search strategy was based on a combination of standardised keywords and natural vocabulary, with a temporal limit between 2016 and 2021. The data extraction and analysis was based on the conceptual framework developed by Whittemore and Knafl. Twenty-seven studies were included in the review, and their results were classified and coded. Two categories emerged, namely, stereotypes relating to the professionals' gender and stereotypes relating to the profession itself. We concluded that the nursing profession is viewed as female with low skills, social status, salary, academic level and entry requirements, and with little autonomy. Male nurses' professional competencies and masculinity are questioned, while the work carried out by female nurses is viewed as unprofessional. To reduce these stereotypes and bias we must present the nursing profession as a scientific discipline, developed by both men and women. Specific channels for this awareness-raising work include interventions from universities and the media, and participation in health policies.
Topics: Female; Gender Identity; Humans; Male; Students, Nursing
PubMed: 35805296
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137640 -
BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) Jul 1988
Topics: Attitude; Gender Identity; Homosexuality; Humans; Male
PubMed: 3416158
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.297.6644.308 -
Med (New York, N.Y.) Jul 2022The LBGTQ + community has achieved great progress since the Stonewall riot of 1969, but queer identities, in particular trans and non-binary people, are still...
The LBGTQ + community has achieved great progress since the Stonewall riot of 1969, but queer identities, in particular trans and non-binary people, are still marginalized and threatened. This Pride month, our authors reflect on the importance of visibility in medicine, and the benefits it brings to patients and science as a whole. While these Voices offer a snapshot of the current state in the US, the overarching themes reverberate globally. Med is committed to supporting our community on its journey toward global inclusivity.
Topics: Gender Identity; Humans; Sexual and Gender Minorities
PubMed: 35738277
DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2022.06.003 -
British Medical Journal Feb 1970
Topics: Female; Homosexuality; Humans; Male; Paraphilic Disorders; Parent-Child Relations; Psychosexual Development
PubMed: 5416810
DOI: No ID Found