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The Lancet. Global Health Feb 2022
Topics: Gender Identity; Humans; India; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Social Stigma
PubMed: 34800374
DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00523-4 -
BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.) Feb 2005
Review
Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Adolescent Development; Female; Humans; Interpersonal Relations; Male; Musculoskeletal Development; Personality Development; Psychosexual Development; Puberty; Self Concept; Sex Characteristics; Thinking
PubMed: 15695279
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.330.7486.301 -
The Lancet. Public Health Feb 2024
Topics: Humans; Gender Identity; Health Inequities; Sexual and Gender Minorities
PubMed: 38307680
DOI: 10.1016/S2468-2667(24)00006-9 -
Cell Host & Microbe Mar 2020
Topics: Editorial Policies; Gender Identity; Human Rights; Humans; Periodicals as Topic
PubMed: 32164837
DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.02.014 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jun 2022Current trends in quantitative health research have highlighted the inadequacy of the usual operationalisation of sex and gender, resulting in a growing demand for more... (Review)
Review
Current trends in quantitative health research have highlighted the inadequacy of the usual operationalisation of sex and gender, resulting in a growing demand for more nuanced options. This scoping review provides an overview of recent instruments for the operationalisation of sex and gender in health-related research beyond a concept of mutually exclusive binary categories as male or masculine vs. female or feminine. Our search in three databases (Medline, Scopus and Web of Science) returned 9935 matches, of which 170 were included. From these, we identified 77 different instruments. The number and variety of instruments measuring sex and/or gender in quantitative health-related research increased over time. Most of these instruments were developed with a US-American student population. The majority of instruments focused on the assessment of gender based on a binary understanding, while sex or combinations of sex and gender were less frequently measured. Different populations may require the application of different instruments, and various research questions may ask for different dimensions of sex and gender to be studied. Despite the clear interest in the development of novel sex and/or gender instruments, future research needs to focus on new ways of operationalisation that account for their variability and multiple dimensions.
Topics: Female; Gender Identity; Humans; Male; Research Design; Students
PubMed: 35742742
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127493 -
Nature Aging May 2023Studies have identified sex and/or gender differences in Alzheimer’s disease, but few have examined other dementias. We highlight sex and gender differences in other...
Studies have identified sex and/or gender differences in Alzheimer’s disease, but few have examined other dementias. We highlight sex and gender differences in other dementias, discuss sociocultural factors and provide a framework for future global studies.
Topics: Male; Female; Humans; Alzheimer Disease; Gender Identity
PubMed: 37202511
DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00374-5 -
AMA Journal of Ethics Jul 2021Tension between naming to render an important kind of suffering among transgender people more visible and avoiding pathologizing experiences of transgender people in a...
Tension between naming to render an important kind of suffering among transgender people more visible and avoiding pathologizing experiences of transgender people in a gender-binary world can be keenly felt among patients seeking gender-affirming services. This article suggests why clinical "verification" of a patient's need for gender-affirming care is likely less important than clinicians' expressions of empathy and respect for patients' autonomy. This article also suggests that fostering transgender patients' sense of agency should be prioritized.
Topics: Emotions; Gender Dysphoria; Gender Identity; Humans; Transgender Persons; Transsexualism
PubMed: 34351266
DOI: 10.1001/amajethics.2021.557 -
Current Opinion in Endocrinology,... Apr 2016The review summarizes relevant research focused on prevalence and natural history of gender nonconforming/transgender youth, and outcomes of currently recommended... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
The review summarizes relevant research focused on prevalence and natural history of gender nonconforming/transgender youth, and outcomes of currently recommended clinical practice guidelines. This review identifies gaps in knowledge, and provides recommendations foci for future research.
RECENT FINDINGS
Increasing numbers of gender nonconforming youth are presenting for care. Clinically useful information for predicting individual psychosexual development pathways is lacking. Transgender youth are at high risk for poor medical and psychosocial outcomes. Longitudinal data examining the impact of early social transition and medical interventions are sparse. Existing tools to understand gender identity and quantify gender dysphoria need to be reconfigured to study a more diverse cohort of transgender individuals. Increasingly, biomedical data are beginning to change the trajectory of scientific investigation.
SUMMARY
Extensive research is needed to improve understanding of gender dysphoria, and transgender experience, particularly among youth. Recommendations include identification of predictors of persistence of gender dysphoria from childhood into adolescence, and a thorough investigation into the impact of interventions for transgender youth. Finally, examining the social environments of transgender youth is critical for the development of appropriate interventions necessary to improve the lives of transgender people.
Topics: Biomedical Research; Delivery of Health Care; Female; Gender Identity; Health Priorities; Health Services Needs and Demand; Health Status Disparities; Healthcare Disparities; Humans; Male; Minority Groups; Minority Health; Needs Assessment; Sex Reassignment Procedures; Transgender Persons; Transsexualism
PubMed: 26825472
DOI: 10.1097/MED.0000000000000236 -
Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience 2021This article is a historical review of the medical and psychiatric diagnoses associated with transgender people across epochs. Ancient Greek and Roman writings already... (Review)
Review
This article is a historical review of the medical and psychiatric diagnoses associated with transgender people across epochs. Ancient Greek and Roman writings already mention gender change. Before a diagnosis even existed, historical documents described the lives of numerous people whom we would consider transgender today. The development of medical classifications took off in the nineteenth century, driven by the blooming of natural sciences. In the nineteenth century, most authors conflated questions of sexual orientation and gender. For example, the psychiatrist Krafft-Ebing reported cases of transgender people but understood them as paranoia, or as the extreme degree of severity in a dimension of sexual inversion. In the early 1900s, doctors such as Magnus Hirschfeld first distinguished homosexual and transgender behaviour. The usual term for transgender people was transvestite, before Harry Benjamin generalised the term transsexual in the mid-20th century. The term transgender became common in the 1970s. This article details the evolution of diagnoses for transgender people from DSM-III and ICD-10 to DSM-5 and ICD-11.
Topics: Female; Gender Dysphoria; Gender Identity; Humans; International Classification of Diseases; Male; Transgender Persons; Transsexualism
PubMed: 35860172
DOI: 10.1080/19585969.2022.2042166 -
American Journal of Public Health Mar 2022
Topics: Adolescent; Gender Identity; Humans; Transgender Persons; Transsexualism
PubMed: 35196055
DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2021.306690