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Frontiers in Neuroscience 2022Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) exhibit abnormal rumination, including both adaptive and maladaptive forms. However, the neural substrates of rumination in...
Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) exhibit abnormal rumination, including both adaptive and maladaptive forms. However, the neural substrates of rumination in depression remain poorly understood. We hypothesize that divergent spatiotemporal complexity of brain oscillations would be associated with the levels of rumination in MDD. We employed the multi-scale entropy (MSE), power and phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) to estimate the complexity of rhythmic dynamics from the eye-closed high-density electroencephalographic (EEG) data in treatment-naive patients with MDD ( = 24) and healthy controls ( = 22). The depressive, brooding, and reflective subscales of the Ruminative Response Scale were assessed. MDD patients showed higher MSE in timescales finer than 5 (cluster = 0.038) and gamma power (cluster = 0.034), as well as lower PAC values between alpha/low beta and gamma bands (cluster = 0.002- 0.021). Higher reflective rumination in MDD was region-specifically associated with the more localized EEG dynamics, including the greater MSE in scales finer than 8 (cluster = 0.008), power in gamma (cluster = 0.018) and PAC in low beta-gamma (cluster = 0.042), as well as weaker alpha-gamma PAC (cluster = 0.016- 0.029). Besides, the depressive and brooding rumination in MDD showed the lack of correlations with global long-range EEG variables. Our findings support the disturbed neural communications and point to the spatial reorganization of brain networks in a timescale-dependent migration toward local during adaptive and maladaptive rumination in MDD. These findings may provide potential implications on probing and modulating dynamic neuronal fluctuations during the rumination in depression.
PubMed: 35615274
DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.829755 -
Journal of Affective Disorders Mar 2023Suicide is the second most common cause of death among young people. Structural brain alterations, rumination, and recent stressful experiences contribute to suicidal...
INTRODUCTION
Suicide is the second most common cause of death among young people. Structural brain alterations, rumination, and recent stressful experiences contribute to suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs).
METHODS
Here, we employed structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine the unique and combined relationships of these risk factors with STBs in a sample of young people with major depressive disorder (MDD) from the Magnetic Resonance-Improving Mood with Psychoanalytic and Cognitive Therapies (MR-IMPACT) study (N = 67, mean age = 15.90; standard deviation ± 1.32).
RESULTS
Whereas increased rumination and lower surface area of brain regions, that have been previously reported to be involved in both STBs and rumination, were associated with each other (Beta = -0.268, standard error (SE) = 0.114, Z = -2.346, p = 0.019), only increased rumination was related to greater severity of suicidal ideation (Beta = 0.281, SE = 0.132, Z = 2.134, p = 0.033). In addition, we observed that recent stress was associated with lower surface area in the suicidal ideation model without covariate only (Beta = -0.312, SE = 0.149, Z = -2.089, p = 0.037). For the attempt models, no associations were found between any of the risk factors and suicide attempts.
LIMITATIONS
We emphasize that these findings from this secondary analysis are hypothesis-forming and preliminary in nature given the small sample size for SEM analyses.
CONCLUSION
Our findings suggest that neither lower surface area nor recent stress are directly associated with youth suicidal ideation or attempt. However, lower surface area is related to recent stress and increased rumination, which predicted greater severity of suicidal ideation in young people with MDD.
Topics: Humans; Adolescent; Suicidal Ideation; Depressive Disorder, Major; Rumination, Cognitive; Suicide, Attempted; Risk Factors
PubMed: 36584707
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.12.087 -
Journal of Psychopathology and... Mar 2016Difficulty regulating emotions following stressful events is a hallmark of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Although individuals' ability to regulate their emotions is...
Difficulty regulating emotions following stressful events is a hallmark of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Although individuals' ability to regulate their emotions is believed to have direct consequences for both emotional and physical wellbeing, few studies have examined the cardiovascular effects of different emotion regulation strategies in MDD. To the best of our knowledge, the current study is the first to examine the effects of two emotion regulation strategies, cognitive distraction and rumination, on both self-reported sadness and respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) in individuals with MDD and healthy controls (CTLs). Following a forced-failure stressor, participants were randomly assigned to a rumination or cognitive distraction condition. As expected, rumination increased sadness and triggered RSA withdrawal for both MDDs and CTLs. Interestingly, although cognitive distraction reduced sadness, it also triggered RSA withdrawal. Moreover, cognitive distraction was associated with greater RSA withdrawal for MDDs than CTLs. Thus, although depressed individuals are able to use cognitive distraction to emotionally recover from stress, it may be associated with greater cognitive effort. Adding low-cost physiological measures such as RSA into assessments has the potential to offer new and important information about the effects of emotion regulation on mental and physiological health.
PubMed: 27199505
DOI: 10.1007/s10862-015-9510-1 -
United European Gastroenterology Journal Feb 2014Patients with disorders of gastrointestinal function may undergo unnecessary treatment if misdiagnosed as motility disorders.
BACKGROUND
Patients with disorders of gastrointestinal function may undergo unnecessary treatment if misdiagnosed as motility disorders.
OBJECTIVE
To report on clinical features, medical, surgical and psychiatric co-morbidities, and prior treatments of a patient cohort diagnosed concurrently with non-psychogenic rumination syndrome and pelvic floor dysfunction (also termed rectal evacuation disorder).
METHODS
From a consecutive series (1994-2013) of 438 outpatients with rectal evacuation disorders in the practice of a single gastroenterologist at a tertiary care center, 57 adolescents or adults were diagnosed with concomitant rumination syndrome. All underwent formal psychological assessment or completed validated questionnaires.
RESULTS
All 57 patients (95% female) fulfilled Rome III criteria for rumination syndrome; rectal evacuation disorder was confirmed by testing of anal sphincter pressures and rectal balloon evacuation. Prior to diagnosis, most patients underwent multiple medical and surgical treatments (gastrostomy, gastric fundoplication, other gastric surgery, ileostomy, colectomy) for their symptoms. Psychological co-morbidity was identified in 93% of patients. Patients were managed predominantly with psychological and behavioral approaches: diaphragmatic breathing for rumination and biofeedback retraining for pelvic floor dysfunction.
CONCLUSIONS
Awareness of concomitant rectal evacuation disorder and rumination syndrome and prompt identification of psychological co-morbidity are keys to instituting behavioral and psychological methods to avoid unnecessary treatment.
PubMed: 24724013
DOI: 10.1177/2050640613518774 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine May 2021The role of worry and rumination in eating disorders (EDs) is controversial. This meta-analysis of the literature is aimed at clarifying the relationship between... (Review)
Review
The role of worry and rumination in eating disorders (EDs) is controversial. This meta-analysis of the literature is aimed at clarifying the relationship between repetitive negative thinking (RNT) and EDs. In accordance with the PRISMA criteria, a comprehensive search of the literature was conducted on PubMed and PsycInfo from inception to March 2021. Search terms: "eating disorder/anorexia/bulimia/binge eating disorder" AND "worry/rumination/brooding/repetitive thinking". A manual search of reference lists was also run. Forty-three studies were included. RNT was found to be associated with anorexia, bulimia, and binge eating disorder. A moderating effect was found for "presence/absence ED diagnosis" and "subtype of ED symptom". ED patients showed higher RNT than the general population. No differences were observed for age or between worry and rumination in the magnitude of their association with EDs.
PubMed: 34073087
DOI: 10.3390/jcm10112448 -
Journal of Autism and Developmental... Sep 2019Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are reported to have greater levels of anger rumination than typically developing children. This study examined anger...
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are reported to have greater levels of anger rumination than typically developing children. This study examined anger rumination in children with ASD in comparison to children with disruptive behavior disorder without ASD. We also tested if anger rumination is associated with aggression and the core ASD symptoms of restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs). This study included three groups of children aged 8-16 years: 63 had ASD (ASD group), 79 had disruptive behavior disorder (DB group), and 40 healthy controls (HC). ASD and DB groups showed greater anger rumination relative to the HC group. Anger rumination was associated with RRBs in children with ASD, suggesting the link to core ASD symptoms.
Topics: Adolescent; Aggression; Anger; Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Child; Female; Humans; Male; Rumination, Cognitive
PubMed: 31144231
DOI: 10.1007/s10803-019-04085-y -
Scientific Reports Feb 2017Neuroimaging evidence implicates the association between rumination and default mode network (DMN) in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the relationship between...
Neuroimaging evidence implicates the association between rumination and default mode network (DMN) in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the relationship between rumination and DMN subsystems remains incompletely understood, especially in patients with MDD. Thirty-three first-episode drug-naive patients with MDD and thirty-three healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled and underwent resting-sate fMRI scanning. Functional connectivity analysis was performed based on 11 pre-defined regions of interest (ROIs) for three DMN subsystems: the midline core, dorsal medial prefrontal cortex (dMPFC) and medial temporal lobe (MTL). Compared with HCs group, patients with MDD exhibited increased within-system connectivity in the dMPFC subsystem and inter-system connectivity between the dMPFC and MTL subsystems. Decreased inter-system connectivity was identified between the midline core and dMPFC subsystem in MDD patients. Depressive rumination was positively correlated with within-system connectivity in the dMPFC subsystem (dMPFC-TempP) and with inter-system connectivity between the dMPFC and MTL subsystems (LTC-PHC). Our results suggest MDD may be characterized by abnormal DMN subsystems connectivity, which may contribute to the pathophysiology of the maladaptive self-focus in MDD patients.
Topics: Adult; Connectome; Depressive Disorder, Major; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Nerve Net; Rumination, Cognitive; Young Adult
PubMed: 28225084
DOI: 10.1038/srep43105 -
European Eating Disorders Review : the... Mar 2017Overvaluation of shape and weight in binge-eating disorder (BED) is associated with greater eating-disorder psychopathology and greater weight-bias internalization,...
Overvaluation of shape and weight in binge-eating disorder (BED) is associated with greater eating-disorder psychopathology and greater weight-bias internalization, which are-in turn-associated with poorer mental and physical health. Little is known, however, about the significance of other cognitive processes, such as rumination, in BED. This study examined rumination and overvaluation of shape/weight with eating-disorder psychopathology and weight-bias internalization among 237 treatment-seeking patients with BED and comorbid obesity. Hierarchical multiple regressions indicated that rumination was associated with eating-disorder psychopathology and weight-bias internalization above and beyond the influence of overvaluation of shape/weight. Findings suggest that, among patients with BED/obesity, rumination is an important cognitive process associated with severity of eating-disorder psychopathology even after accounting for overvaluation of shape/weight. Patients with greater rumination might be more likely to dwell on weight-based discrimination experiences and internalize these negative attitudes. Additional controlled examination could determine whether rumination represents another potential target for BED/obesity treatment. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Binge-Eating Disorder; Body Image; Comorbidity; Defense Mechanisms; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Prejudice; Psychopathology; Young Adult
PubMed: 28078784
DOI: 10.1002/erv.2499 -
Cognitive, Affective & Behavioral... Apr 2017The aim of the present study was to use fMRI to examine the neural correlates of engaging in rumination among a sample of remitted depressed adolescents, a population at... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
The aim of the present study was to use fMRI to examine the neural correlates of engaging in rumination among a sample of remitted depressed adolescents, a population at high risk for future depressive relapse. A rumination induction task was used to assess differences in the patterns of neural activation during rumination versus a distraction condition among 26 adolescents in remission from major depressive disorder (rMDD) and in 15 healthy control adolescents. Self-report depression and rumination, as well as clinician-rated depression, were also assessed among all participants. All of the participants recruited regions in the default mode network (DMN), including the posterior cingulate cortex, medial prefrontal cortex, inferior parietal lobe, and medial temporal gyrus, during rumination. Increased activation in these regions during rumination was correlated with increased self-report rumination and symptoms of depression across all participants. Adolescents with rMDD also exhibited greater activation in regions involved in visual, somatosensory, and emotion processing than did healthy peers. The present findings suggest that during ruminative thought, adolescents with rMDD are characterized by increased recruitment of regions within the DMN and in areas involved in visual, somatosensory, and emotion processing.
Topics: Adolescent; Brain; Brain Mapping; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Depressive Disorder, Major; Factor Analysis, Statistical; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Neural Pathways; Neuropsychological Tests; Pilot Projects; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Rest; Self Report; Thinking
PubMed: 27921216
DOI: 10.3758/s13415-016-0486-4 -
International Journal of Environmental... Jan 2020Rumination, namely a cognitive process characterized by a repetitive thinking focused on negative feelings and thoughts, is a significant predictor for the onset of...
Rumination, namely a cognitive process characterized by a repetitive thinking focused on negative feelings and thoughts, is a significant predictor for the onset of internalizing symptoms and has also been found to run in families. Rumination has never been studied in children with specific learning disorders (SLD), a population that, due to its condition, might encounter more difficulties in daily life and is at risk of increased psychological distress, compared to typically developing (TD) peers. The present study covers this gap by examining whether children with SLD, and their parents, tend to use rumination more than TD peers and their parents. The study also explores associations between rumination and both children's and parents' emotional profile. Results on 25 children with SLD and 25 TD peers and their parents ( = 150), showed higher levels of rumination in children with SLD when referring to a negative social situation, as well as higher levels of rumination in both mothers and fathers of children with SLD. Modest correlations between parents' and children's rumination traits were also found. This study offers evidence on rumination as a possible risk factor for children with SLD, particularly considering when they deal with social contexts.
Topics: Adult; Child; Child Behavior; Emotions; Female; Humans; Italy; Male; Parent-Child Relations; Parents; Specific Learning Disorder
PubMed: 31936140
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17020389