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PloS One 2022School absenteeism and school dropout jeopardize the future health and wellbeing of students. Reports on the participation of school health care in absenteeism reduction...
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
School absenteeism and school dropout jeopardize the future health and wellbeing of students. Reports on the participation of school health care in absenteeism reduction are infrequent, although physical and mental health problems are the most common causes of school absenteeism. Our aim was to explore what reasons different professionals working in schools recognize for absenteeism and which factors either promote or inhibit the inclusion of school health care in absenteeism reduction.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Data for this qualitative study was gathered from ten focus groups conducted in two municipalities in southern Finland. The groups included (vice) principals, special education/resource/subject teachers, guidance counselors, school social workers, school psychologists, school nurses, school doctors, and social workers working in child protective services. Data analysis was predominantly inductive but the categorization of our results was based on existing literature.
RESULTS
Study participants identified student-, family-, and school-related reasons for absenteeism but societal reasons went unmentioned. A number of reasons promoting the inclusion of school health care in absenteeism reduction arose, such as expertise in health-related issues and the confidentiality associated with health care. Inclusion of school health care was hindered by differences in work culture and differing perceptions regarding the aims of school health care.
CONCLUSION
Professionals working in schools were knowledgeable about the different causes of school absenteeism. Clarifying both the aims of school health care and the work culture of different professionals could facilitate the inclusion of school health care in absenteeism reduction.
Topics: Absenteeism; Adolescent; Child; Delivery of Health Care; Educational Personnel; Female; Finland; Humans; Male; School Nursing; Schools
PubMed: 35226678
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264259 -
Nursing Education PerspectivesThe purpose of this project was to connect nursing students from schools of nursing in China and the United States for colearning using virtual simulations.
AIM
The purpose of this project was to connect nursing students from schools of nursing in China and the United States for colearning using virtual simulations.
BACKGROUND
With technology and international partnerships, nursing programs can offer global education without students traveling to other countries.
METHOD
Virtual simulations were produced by each school for the project. Students completed them in two synchronous 1.5-hour virtual sessions, one month apart. At the end of each session, students completed the Simulation Effectiveness Tool-Modified and the Nurses Clinical Reasoning Scale.
RESULTS
Scores on the Simulation Effectiveness Tool-Modified ranged from 75.0 percent to 100 percent on Simulation 1 (video vignettes focused on prioritization) and 88.9 percent to 100 percent on Simulation 2 (computer-based obstetrics case). Most students strongly agreed or agreed that the simulation improved their clinical reasoning skills.
CONCLUSION
Virtual simulations allowed students to learn together and develop an awareness of differences in nursing practices across countries.
Topics: Clinical Competence; Computer Simulation; Education, Distance; Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate; Humans; Learning; Students, Nursing; United States
PubMed: 35170576
DOI: 10.1097/01.NEP.0000000000000929 -
Primary Health Care Research &... May 2018AimThe aim of this study was to explore the role and activities of the school nursing service in sexual health within a large inner London borough.
UNLABELLED
AimThe aim of this study was to explore the role and activities of the school nursing service in sexual health within a large inner London borough.
BACKGROUND
School nurses (SNs) are specialist community public health nurses working with the school age population to promote their health and well-being and therefore are arguably in a prime position to promote the sexual health of children and young people. This is particularly pertinent in inner city boroughs where the rates of sexually transmitted infections and under-18 conceptions are a significant problem.
METHODS
Following a review of the literature, a mixed methods study was undertaken which included an audit of documentary data to identify the referrals received in relation to sexual health and also included questionnaire surveys of school staff and SNs on their views of the role of the SN in sexual health.FindingsSNs and school staff identified that SNs have a role in sexual health, which was reflected in the referrals received during the audit of documentary data. There appeared to be inconsistencies across the service and evidence suggested that the school nursing service may be underutilised in comparison to the number of students who require sexual health support. The current service appears to be predominantly reactive, particularly for males and those less than 12 years old. However, both SNs and school staff would like to see a more preventative approach; including greater sexual health promotion, condom distribution and school health clinics.
Topics: Child; Female; Health Services Research; Humans; London; Male; Nurse's Role; Quality Improvement; School Nursing; Sex Education
PubMed: 29248022
DOI: 10.1017/S1463423617000780 -
Evidence-based Nursing Jul 2017
Topics: Evaluation Studies as Topic; Humans; Nursing Care; Nursing Research; Qualitative Research; Research Design
PubMed: 28615184
DOI: 10.1136/eb-2017-102699 -
Nurse Education Today Jan 2010Work experience has been a feature of the secondary school curriculum in the United Kingdom for a number of years. Usually requested by the pupil, it aims to provide...
Work experience has been a feature of the secondary school curriculum in the United Kingdom for a number of years. Usually requested by the pupil, it aims to provide opportunities for school pupils to enhance their knowledge and understanding of an occupation. The main benefits are claimed to be that it can help pupils develop an insight into the skills and attitudes required for an occupation and an awareness of career opportunities. However the quality and choice of placements are considered to be of great importance in this process and in influencing career choice [Department for Education and Skills (DfES), 2002a. Work Experience: A Guide for Employers. Department for Education and Skills, London]. As university departments of nursing experience a decline in the number of school pupils entering student nurse education programmes, and with the competition for school leavers becoming even greater, it is important to consider whether school pupils have access to appropriate work placements in nursing and what influence their experience has on pursuing nursing as a career choice. This paper is based on interview data from 20 high academic achieving fifth and sixth year school pupils in Scotland, paradigmatic cases from a larger survey sample (n=1062), who had considered nursing as a possible career choice within their career preference cluster, but then later disregarded nursing and decided to pursue medicine or another health care profession. This was partly reported by Neilson and Lauder [Neilson, G.R., Lauder, W., 2008. What do high academic achieving school pupils really think about a career in nursing: analysis of the narrative from paradigmatic case interviews. Nurse Education Today 28(6), 680-690] which examined what high academic achieving school pupils really thought about a career in nursing. However, the data was particularly striking in revealing the poor quality of nursing work experience for the pupils, and also their proposal that there was a need for work experience which was more representative of the reality of nursing. Participants reported that proper work experience in nursing could make it more attractive as a career choice but that there were difficulties and barriers in obtaining an appropriate work experience in nursing. These included unhelpful attitudes of teachers towards work experience in nursing in general and the placements themselves which were typically in a nursing home or a care home. They felt that departments of nursing within universities should have an input into organising more realistic work placements and that their involvement could foster greater interest amongst pupils in nursing as a career.
Topics: Adolescent; Attitude to Health; Career Choice; Clinical Competence; Educational Status; Employment; Faculty; Health Services Needs and Demand; Humans; Interinstitutional Relations; Nurse's Role; Nursing; Nursing Methodology Research; Qualitative Research; Schools, Nursing; Scotland; Social Perception; Student Dropouts; Surveys and Questionnaires; Universities; Vocational Guidance
PubMed: 19560236
DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2009.05.007 -
Nursing Outlook 2019Precision health considers individual lifestyle, genetics, behaviors, and environment context and facilitates interventions aimed at helping individuals achieve...
BACKGROUND
Precision health considers individual lifestyle, genetics, behaviors, and environment context and facilitates interventions aimed at helping individuals achieve well-being and optimal health.
PURPOSE
To present the Nursing Science Precision Health (NSPH) Model and describe the integration of precision health concepts within the domains of symptom and self-management science as reflected in the National Institute of Nursing Research P30 Centers of Excellence and P20 Exploratory Centers.
METHODS
Center members developed the NSPH Model and the manuscript based on presentations and discussions at the annual NINR Center Directors Meeting and in follow-up telephone meetings.
DISCUSSION
The NSPH Model comprises four precision components (measurement; characterization of phenotype including lifestyle and environment; characterization of genotype and other biomarkers; and intervention target discovery, design, and delivery) that are underpinned by an information and data science infrastructure.
CONCLUSION
Nurse scientist leadership is necessary to realize the vision of precision health as reflected in the NSPH Model.
Topics: Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures; Humans; Models, Nursing; Nursing Care; Nursing Research; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Precision Medicine; Self-Management
PubMed: 30795850
DOI: 10.1016/j.outlook.2019.01.003 -
The Journal of School Health Nov 1983This study investigated the image of school nursing in the American press during 1978 and 1980. Content analysis of newspaper articles yielded specific measurements of...
This study investigated the image of school nursing in the American press during 1978 and 1980. Content analysis of newspaper articles yielded specific measurements of the extent to which school nursing is visible via the press, the content of messages disseminated to the public about school nursing issues and two year changes in newspaper treatment of this topic. The mean number of articles published per state was 1.43 in 1978 and 6.30 in 1980. The typical school nurse article appeared in a daily newspaper circulated to less than 10,000 readers. Articles published in 1978 were significantly larger than those published in 1980 and were more likely to focus primarily on the school nursing program rather than on teachers, school boards, funding concerns or other issues. The majority of the articles (77%) devoted some space to describing the services provided by school nurses. Nearly 30% of the articles reported problems with funding for school nursing programs and 21% reported threatened or actual loss of funding for services. Although reports of protests against budget cuts by school nurses, teachers, administrators and parents were found, parents were depicted as the only interest group to succeed in efforts to avert the loss of services. Criticism of school nursing services was found in only 2% of the articles. More than 80% of the articles praised school nursing as a vital force for improving the health of American school children. It was concluded that school nursing has not yet attained a position on the public agenda as an important community issue despite the fact that the quality and level of school health services are increasingly threatened in the current budget-cutting climate.
Topics: Child; Humans; Newspapers as Topic; Public Opinion; School Nursing; United States
PubMed: 6558294
DOI: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.1983.tb01153.x -
JPMA. the Journal of the Pakistan... Apr 2021This study aimed to assess the level of retention of knowledge regarding calculation of drug dose among undergraduate nursing students studying at a private school of...
This study aimed to assess the level of retention of knowledge regarding calculation of drug dose among undergraduate nursing students studying at a private school of nursing. This was a pre- and post-comparison design conducted at the Aga Khan University, Pakistan, from August 2017 to September 2019. All the students enrolled in Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BScN) (Class of 2019) were included in the study. Mean test scores of 141 fourth year BScN students were compared with their own performance in the second year. Mean scores on mathematics and drug dosage calculation test decreased significantly from 21 in second year to 17.97 in the final year of studies. Modifications in assessments as well as curriculum are suggested to improve retention of dose calculation skills among undergraduate nursing students.
Topics: Drug Dosage Calculations; Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate; Humans; Mathematics; Pakistan; Schools; Students, Nursing
PubMed: 34125779
DOI: 10.47391/JPMA.471 -
International Journal of Environmental... Feb 2023Today more than half of the world's population lives in urban areas. Children spend about 40 h a week in the school environment. Knowing the influence of school exposure... (Review)
Review
Today more than half of the world's population lives in urban areas. Children spend about 40 h a week in the school environment. Knowing the influence of school exposure to green/blue spaces could improve the children's health, creating healthier environments and preventing exposure to legal/illegal drugs. This systematic review summarized the main results of published studies on active or passive exposure to green or blue spaces in different domains of child neurodevelopment. In August 2022, five databases were searched and twenty-eight eligible studies were included in the analysis. Cognitive and/or academic performance was the most frequently studied (15/28). Most studies evaluate passive exposure to green/blue spaces (19/28) versus active exposure (9/28). Only three studies addressed the relationship between blue space and neurodevelopment. The main results point toward mixed evidence of a protective relationship between green/blue space exposure and neurodevelopment, especially in improving cognitive/academic performance, attention restoration, behavior, and impulsivity. Renaturalizing school spaces and promoting "greener" capacities for school environmental health could improve children's neurodevelopment. There was great heterogeneity in methodologies and adjustment for confounding factors across studies. Future research should seek a standardized approach to delivering school environmental health interventions beneficial to children's development.
Topics: Humans; Child; Adolescent; Environment; School Nursing; Child Health; Impulsive Behavior; Parks, Recreational
PubMed: 36900969
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20053958 -
JAMA Pediatrics Jul 2014In recent years, across the United States, many school districts have cut on-site delivery of health services by eliminating or reducing services provided by qualified...
IMPORTANCE
In recent years, across the United States, many school districts have cut on-site delivery of health services by eliminating or reducing services provided by qualified school nurses. Providing cost-benefit information will help policy makers and decision makers better understand the value of school nursing services.
OBJECTIVE
To conduct a case study of the Massachusetts Essential School Health Services (ESHS) program to demonstrate the cost-benefit of school health services delivered by full-time registered nurses.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS
Standard cost-benefit analysis methods were used to estimate the costs and benefits of the ESHS program compared with a scenario involving no school nursing service. Data from the ESHS program report and other published studies were used. A total of 477 163 students in 933 Massachusetts ESHS schools in 78 school districts received school health services during the 2009-2010 school year.
INTERVENTIONS
School health services provided by full-time registered nurses.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
Costs of nurse staffing and medical supplies incurred by 78 ESHS districts during the 2009-2010 school year were measured as program costs. Program benefits were measured as savings in medical procedure costs, teachers' productivity loss costs associated with addressing student health issues, and parents' productivity loss costs associated with student early dismissal and medication administration. Net benefits and benefit-cost ratio were calculated. All costs and benefits were in 2009 US dollars.
RESULTS
During the 2009-2010 school year, at a cost of $79.0 million, the ESHS program prevented an estimated $20.0 million in medical care costs, $28.1 million in parents' productivity loss, and $129.1 million in teachers' productivity loss. As a result, the program generated a net benefit of $98.2 million to society. For every dollar invested in the program, society would gain $2.20. Eighty-nine percent of simulation trials resulted in a net benefit.
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
The results of this study demonstrated that school nursing services provided in the Massachusetts ESHS schools were a cost-beneficial investment of public money, warranting careful consideration by policy makers and decision makers when resource allocation decisions are made about school nursing positions.
Topics: Cost-Benefit Analysis; Efficiency, Organizational; Health Care Costs; Humans; Massachusetts; Program Evaluation; School Health Services; School Nursing; Schools
PubMed: 24840710
DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.5441