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Bulletin of the New York Academy of... Sep 1964
Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Ductal; Classification; Diagnosis, Differential; History; Humans; Mammography; Neoplasms; Pathology; Radiography
PubMed: 14172056
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of General Internal Medicine Jan 2014
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Adult; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; Humans; Linitis Plastica; Male; Stomach Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 23860720
DOI: 10.1007/s11606-013-2518-x -
Clinical and Experimental Medicine Jun 2023Linitis plastica (LP) is a very aggressive and rare carcinoma with a scirrhous stroma that affects the submucosal and muscular layers of the stomach even without mucosal...
Linitis plastica (LP) is a very aggressive and rare carcinoma with a scirrhous stroma that affects the submucosal and muscular layers of the stomach even without mucosal alterations. Lack of timely diagnosis is a crucial problem related to its prognosis and treatment. In this study, we investigated the LP-associated vascular pattern as a possible means to improve the diagnosis of these patients. During standard endoscopy, mucosal architecture, tortuosity and enlargement of vessels, as well as the presence of vascular leakage and efficiency of the blood flow were assessed in six LP patients using probe-based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy (pCLE). In all LP patients, we detected abnormal changes in vasculature. The aberrant features of the vascular network were common to all LP patients examined and consisted of vessel enlargement, tortuosity, and leakage associated with the affected submucosal layer. This is the first study to highlight the presence of marked vascularization associated with LP, characterized by the presence of abnormal and non-functional vessels, similar to what is observed in neoplastic tissues. Therefore, the analysis of LP by pCLE may provide a new endoscopic approach and strategy to better define these patients.
Topics: Humans; Linitis Plastica; Stomach Neoplasms; Prognosis; Endoscopy; Microscopy, Confocal
PubMed: 35650372
DOI: 10.1007/s10238-022-00843-y -
International Journal of Molecular... Sep 2023Linitis Plastica (LP) is a rare and aggressive tumor with a distinctive development pattern, leading to the infiltration of the gastric wall, the thickening of the... (Review)
Review
Linitis Plastica (LP) is a rare and aggressive tumor with a distinctive development pattern, leading to the infiltration of the gastric wall, the thickening of the gastric folds and a "leather bottle appearance". LP is an extremely heterogeneous tumor caused by mutations in oncogenic and tumor suppressive genes, as well as molecular pathways, along with mutations in stromal cells and proteins related to tight junctions. Elucidating the molecular background of tumorigenesis and clarifying the correlation between cancerous cells and stromal cells are crucial steps toward discovering novel diagnostic methods, biomarkers and therapeutic targets/agents. Surgery plays a pivotal role in LP management, serving both as a palliative and curative procedure. In this comprehensive review, we aim to present all recent data on the molecular background of LP and the novel approaches to its management.
Topics: Humans; Linitis Plastica; Stomach Neoplasms; Genomics
PubMed: 37834127
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914680 -
The Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology... 2013
Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous; Colitis; Colon; Colonic Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Rectal Neoplasms
PubMed: 23934452
DOI: 10.4318/tjg.2013.0780 -
Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) May 2009Although both cancer and stellate cells (PSCs) secrete proangiogenic factors, pancreatic cancer is a scirrhous and hypoxic tumor. The impact of cancer-PSCs interactions...
BACKGROUND AND AIMS
Although both cancer and stellate cells (PSCs) secrete proangiogenic factors, pancreatic cancer is a scirrhous and hypoxic tumor. The impact of cancer-PSCs interactions on angiogenesis was analyzed.
METHODS
Expression of periostin, CD31, and alpha-smooth muscle actin was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Human PSCs and cancer cells were cultivated under normoxia and hypoxia alone, or in coculture, to analyze the changes in their angiogenic and fibrogenic attributes, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunoblot, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses and growth of cultured endothelial cells in vitro.
RESULTS
On the invasive front of the activated stroma, PSCs deposited a periostin-rich matrix around the capillaries in the periacinar spaces. Compared with the normal pancreas, there was a significant reduction in the microvessel density in chronic pancreatitis (five-fold, P < .001) and pancreatic cancer (four-fold, P < .01) tissues. In vitro, hypoxia increased PSCs' activity and doubled the secretion of periostin, type I collagen, fibronectin, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Cancer cells induced VEGF secretion of PSCs (390 +/- 60%, P < .001), whereas PSCs increased the endostatin production of cancer cells (210 +/- 14%, P < .001) by matrix metalloproteinase-dependent cleavage. In vitro, PSCs increased the endothelial cell growth, whereas cancer cells alone, or their coculture with PSCs, suppressed it.
CONCLUSIONS
Although PSCs are the dominant producers of VEGF and increase endothelial cell growth in vitro, in the peritumoral stroma, they contribute to the fibrotic/hypoxic milieu through abnormal extracellular matrix deposition and by amplifying endostatin production of cancer cells.
Topics: Actins; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Cell Communication; Cell Hypoxia; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Extracellular Matrix; Fibrosis; Humans; Immunoblotting; Immunohistochemistry; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Stromal Cells
PubMed: 19412434
DOI: 10.1593/neo.81618 -
Cancer Science Jun 2005The number of published studies on peritoneal dissemination of scirrhous gastric carcinoma is very small as a result of the unavailability of highly reproducible animal...
The number of published studies on peritoneal dissemination of scirrhous gastric carcinoma is very small as a result of the unavailability of highly reproducible animal models. Orthotopic implantation of HSC-44PE and HSC-58 (scirrhous gastric carcinoma-derived cell lines) cells into nude mice led to dissemination of the tumor cells to the greater omentum, mesenterium, peritoneum and so on, and caused ascites in a small number of animals. Cycles of isolation of the ascitic tumor cells and orthotopic inoculation of these cells were repeated in turn to animals. This was to isolate highly metastatic cell lines with a strong capability of inducing the formation of ascites (44As3 from HSC-44PE; 58As1 and 58As9 from HSC-58). All three cell lines induced tumor formation at the site of orthotopic injection, and caused fatal cancerous peritonitis and bloody ascites in 90-100% of the animals approximately 3-5 weeks after the inoculation. When the parent cells were implanted, the animals became moribund in approximately 12-18 weeks, however, none of the animals developed ascites. Complementary DNA microarray and immunohistochemical analyses revealed differences in the expression levels of genes coding for the matrix proteinase, cell adhesion, motility, angiogenesis and proliferation between the highly metastatic- and parent-cell lines. The usefulness of this model for the evaluation of drugs was assessed by analyzing the stability of the metastatic potential of the cells and the reproducibility. Animals intravenously treated with CPT-11 and GEM showed suppressed tumor growth and significantly prolonged survival. The metastatic cell lines and the in vivo model established in the present study are expected to serve as a model of cancerous peritonitis developing from primary lesions, and as a useful means of clarifying the pathophysiology of peritoneal dissemination of scirrhous gastric carcinoma and the development of drugs for its treatment.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Ascites; Cell Proliferation; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Female; Gene Expression Profiling; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Peritoneal Neoplasms; Stomach Neoplasms; Survival; Tumor Cells, Cultured
PubMed: 15958054
DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2005.00054.x -
British Journal of Cancer Oct 1996Scirrhous gastric cancer cells proliferate rapidly with fibrosis, when the cancer cells invade into the submucosa of the stomach. To investigate the mechanisms...
Scirrhous gastric cancer cells proliferate rapidly with fibrosis, when the cancer cells invade into the submucosa of the stomach. To investigate the mechanisms responsible for the rapid proliferation, the growth interaction between gastric cancer cells and fibroblasts was examined. Human gastric cancer cell lines established from scirrhous carcinoma or well-differentiated adenocarcinoma were used. Human fibroblast cell lines were obtained from various organs. The growth interaction between gastric cancer cells and fibroblasts was examined by calculating the number of cancer cells or by measuring [3H]thymidine incorporation of cancer cells. Gastric fibroblasts specifically stimulated the growth of scirrhous gastric cancer cells, but not that of well-differentiated adenocarcinoma cells. The growth factor(s) produced from gastric fibroblasts were then partially purified and characterised. The growth-promoting factor(s) had apparent molecular weights of 10000 dalton and was sensitive both to heat and proteinase treatment. No inhibition for the factor(s) was achieved with defined anti-growth factor antibodies. In this study, differential responses of scirrhous and well-differentiated gastric cancer cells to orthotopic fibroblasts were shown. Rapid proliferation of scirrhous gastric carcinoma should be partly controlled by orthotopic fibroblasts. The growth factor(s) from gastric fibroblasts, which was distinct from various defined growth factors such as epidermal growth factor (EGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF), transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha), keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) may play an important role in the progression of scirrhous gastric cancer cells.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous; Cell Division; Culture Media, Serum-Free; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fibroblasts; Growth Substances; Humans; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Stomach; Stomach Neoplasms; Tumor Cells, Cultured
PubMed: 8855981
DOI: 10.1038/bjc.1996.496 -
Postgraduate Medical Journal Sep 1949
Topics: Humans; Linitis Plastica; Stomach; Stomach Neoplasms; Syphilis
PubMed: 18148728
DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.25.287.443 -
World Journal of Gastroenterology Feb 2023The impact of racial and regional disparity on younger patients with gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear.
BACKGROUND
The impact of racial and regional disparity on younger patients with gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear.
AIM
To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, prognostic nomogram, and biological analysis of younger GC patients in China and the United States.
METHODS
From 2000 to 2018, GC patients aged less than 40 years were enrolled from the China National Cancer Center and the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database. Biological analysis was performed based on the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Survival analysis was conducted Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox proportional hazards models.
RESULTS
A total of 6098 younger GC patients were selected from 2000 to 2018, of which 1159 were enrolled in the China National Cancer Center, and 4939 were collected from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database. Compared with the United States group, younger patients in China revealed better survival outcomes ( < 0.01). For race/ethnicity, younger Chinese cases also enjoyed a better prognosis than that in White and Black datasets ( < 0.01). After stratification by pathological Tumor-Node-Metastasis (pTNM) stage, a survival advantage was observed in China with pathological stage I, III, and IV (all < 0.01), whereas younger GC patients with stage II showed no difference ( = 0.16). In multivariate analysis, predictors in China involved period of diagnosis, linitis plastica, and pTNM stage, while race, diagnostic period, sex, location, differentiation, linitis plastica, signet ring cell, pTNM stage, surgery, and chemotherapy were confirmed in the United States group. Prognostic nomograms for younger patients were established, with the area under the curve of 0.786 in the China group and of 0.842 in the United States group. Moreover, three gene expression profiles (GSE27342, GSE51105, and GSE38749) were enrolled in further biological analysis, and distinctive molecular characteristics were identified in younger GC patients among different regions.
CONCLUSION
Except for younger cases with pTNM stage II, a survival advantage was observed in the China group with pathological stage I, III, and IV compared to the United States group, which might be partly due to differences in surgical approaches and the improvement of the cancer screening in China. The nomogram model provided an insightful and applicable tool to evaluate the prognosis of younger patients in China and the United States. Furthermore, biological analysis of younger patients was performed among different regions, which might partly explain the histopathological behavior and survival disparity in the subpopulations.
Topics: Humans; United States; Adult; Stomach Neoplasms; Neoplasm Staging; Linitis Plastica; Gastrectomy; Prognosis; Nomograms; China; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 36844138
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i6.1090