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Ugeskrift For Laeger Jun 2016Malignant adnexal carcinomas of the skin are rare but associated with high propensity for local recurrence, and for some of the distinct subgroups they are known to... (Review)
Review
Malignant adnexal carcinomas of the skin are rare but associated with high propensity for local recurrence, and for some of the distinct subgroups they are known to metastasize regionally or distant. Biopsy is necessary for correct diagnosis, as the lesions cannot be separated from other tumour types entirely on their clinical appearance. The histologic diagnosis is troublesome, and the lesions are often mistaken for their benign counterpart, basal cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma. The lesions are treated with surgery. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy may play a role in treatment, although the evidence is limited.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Neoplasms, Adnexal and Skin Appendage; Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms; Skin Neoplasms; Sweat Gland Neoplasms
PubMed: 27402128
DOI: No ID Found -
Case Reports in Oncology 2015Primary sebaceous carcinoma of the parotid gland is extremely rare, and because of its rarity, clinicopathological characteristics and histogenesis are not fully...
BACKGROUND
Primary sebaceous carcinoma of the parotid gland is extremely rare, and because of its rarity, clinicopathological characteristics and histogenesis are not fully understood.
METHODS
Here, we report a patient who presented with a left infra-auricular painless mass. We present the histological features and discuss possible optimal treatments based on previous literature.
RESULTS
The mass was suspected to be a myoepithelial tumor or possibly a pleomorphic adenoma. Initially, the mass was resected with preservation of the facial nerve, but this caused facial palsy. Because the histological examination showed a sebaceous carcinoma and a part of the mass could be remaining on the facial nerve, additional surgery was performed, and the facial nerve was reconstructed with cervical nerve. Follow-up after 7 months showed no sign of recurrence of metastasis.
CONCLUSION
We encountered a rare sebaceous carcinoma of the parotid gland. Additional surgery was performed because preoperative diagnosis was difficult.
PubMed: 25848361
DOI: 10.1159/000379742 -
Dermatopathology (Basel, Switzerland) 2016Sebaceous glands contribute significantly to the barrier functions of the skin. However, little is known about their homeostasis and tumorigenesis. Recently, increased...
BACKGROUND
Sebaceous glands contribute significantly to the barrier functions of the skin. However, little is known about their homeostasis and tumorigenesis. Recently, increased expression of stem cell marker Lrig1 has been reported in sebaceous carcinoma-like tumors of K14ΔNLef1 transgenic mice. In this study, we analyzed the Lrig1 expression in human sebaceous tumors.
METHODS
Twenty-eight formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sebaceous tumor specimens (7 sebaceous hyperplasias, 7 sebaceous adenomas, 10 sebaceomas and 4 sebaceous carcinomas) were stained with anti-Lrig1, anti-CD44v3 and anti-Ki67 antibody.
RESULTS
Four (100%) sebaceous carcinomas, 8 (80%) sebaceomas, 3 (43%) sebaceous adenomas and no sebaceous hyperplasia showed Lrig1 overexpression.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
Lrig1 is a known tumor suppressor gene and is usually considered to be an indicator of poorly aggressive tumors. In human sebaceous tumors, the stronger Lrig1 staining in sebaceous carcinoma compared to other sebaceous tumors might be a feature of an advanced stage in tumorigenesis and a bad prognosis. In our study, 100% of sebaceous carcinomas revealed Lrig1 overexpression. We propose that Lrig1 may be used as a possible new marker of poorly differentiated sebaceous carcinoma.
PubMed: 27504445
DOI: 10.1159/000446427 -
Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 2015Muir-Torre syndrome is a rare genodermatosis characterized by the occurrence of at least one sebaceous tumor associated with visceral neoplasia, but with no predisposing...
Muir-Torre syndrome is a rare genodermatosis characterized by the occurrence of at least one sebaceous tumor associated with visceral neoplasia, but with no predisposing factors. The sebaceous neoplasm may appear before, during or after the diagnosis of colorectal cancer. As it is regarded as a subtype of nonpolyposis hereditary colorectal cancer, it is important to evaluate the patient's first-degree relatives. The clinical course of the neoplasm is usually more indolent and the syndrome has a good prognosis. We report the case of a patient who, after a ten-year diagnosis of colorectal cancer, presented with multiple sebaceous neoplasms.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Colorectal Neoplasms; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muir-Torre Syndrome; Skin
PubMed: 26560227
DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20153193 -
Oman Journal of Ophthalmology Sep 2010Sebaceous gland carcinoma, commonly arises in the periocular area, is an uncommon condition. It represents 1-5.5% of eyelid malignancies and is considered to be the...
Sebaceous gland carcinoma, commonly arises in the periocular area, is an uncommon condition. It represents 1-5.5% of eyelid malignancies and is considered to be the third most common eyelid malignancy after basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas, although few reports placed this tumor as second most common after basal cell carcinoma. It usually affects elderly women and characterized by high rate of local recurrence, regional, and distant metastases. A delay in diagnosis, which can be attributed primarily to ability of this tumor to masquerade as more benign conditions, often leads to inappropriate management with increased morbidity and mortality rates. In this study, the authors discuss key elements of the primary disease and therapeutic options available to treat such devastating problem.
PubMed: 21120046
DOI: 10.4103/0974-620X.71885 -
Cureus Jan 2022Background The majority of eyelid tumours are benign in nature and constitute 82%-98% of all eyelid tumours. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and frequency of...
Background The majority of eyelid tumours are benign in nature and constitute 82%-98% of all eyelid tumours. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and frequency of histopathological diagnoses of eyelid tumours encountered in Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah (HSB), Malaysia, from 2016 to 2020. Method This study is a case series of 136 patients with eyelid tumours who underwent eyelid biopsy. Result Twenty-three (17%) patients were below 18 years old, 64 (47%) patients were between 19 and 64 years old and 49 (36%) patients were more than 65 years old. The mean age in this study was 47.9 ± 25.4 years. The most common benign eyelid tumours were dermoid cyst (31, 22.8%), melanocytic nevus (19, 14%), granuloma (17, 12.5%), squamous cell papilloma (13, 9.6%) and epidermal cyst (12, 8.8%). Most of the benign eyelid tumours occurred at the upper lids (79.8%), and most of the malignant eyelid tumours occurred at the lower lids (81.8%). The most common malignant eyelid tumours were basal cell carcinoma (BCC) (6, 14.3%), followed by malignant lymphoma (3, 6.1%) and sebaceous gland carcinoma (2, 4.1%). Eight out of nine cases of BCC were located at the lower lids. All malignant lymphomas were primary lymphoma. Five were extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), and one was follicular lymphoma. All cases with benign and malignant tumours required only a single surgery for excision, and none of the cases had a recurrence. Conclusion There were limited references to the epidemiology of histopathological diagnoses of eyelid tumours in Malaysia. Although benign lesions comprise the majority of eyelid tumours, it is essential to delineate between benign and malignant eyelid tumours.
PubMed: 35004082
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.20922 -
Neoadjuvant Systemic Chemotherapy in Sebaceous Gland Carcinoma of the Eyelid: A Retrospective Study.Ocular Oncology and Pathology Sep 2021There are sparse data on neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy (NACT) in eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC). The aim of this study was to evaluate efficacy and outcomes...
There are sparse data on neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy (NACT) in eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC). The aim of this study was to evaluate efficacy and outcomes with NACT in eyelid SGC. We retrospectively analyzed 8 patients who received platinum-based NACT. The median number of cycles per patient was 4 (range, 3-5). The mean percentage reduction of tumor diameter after NACT was 71% (range, 30-100%). Two patients had a radiological complete response (CR). After NACT, surgical treatment for residual tumor was performed in 5 cases. One patient had a pathological CR and is recurrence free for 11 years. After a mean follow-up period of 44.5 months (range, 9-109), tumor recurrence occurred in 4 cases. Among these 4 cases, 3 were rechallenged with the same regimen and all responded. Systemic NACT has a role in eyelid SGC, downstages the tumor, and allows less aggressive and organ-sparing surgeries, warranting a prospective study.
PubMed: 34604196
DOI: 10.1159/000515857 -
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory... Jun 2009Recently described variants of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma have not been well characterized but raise a distinct set of differential diagnostic considerations...
CONTEXT
Recently described variants of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma have not been well characterized but raise a distinct set of differential diagnostic considerations than the classic type.
OBJECTIVE
To report a detailed analysis of oncocytic-sebaceous epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (OEMCa) and a similar, but novel, variant, apocrine epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (ApEMCa).
DESIGN
Clinical, histologic, and immunophenotypic features of 5 OEMCas and 5 ApEMCas were analyzed. Ultrastructural examination was also performed on 3 OEMCa and 1 ApEMCa tumors.
RESULTS
The mean age for OEMCa (74.4 years; range, 58-82 years) was slightly higher than for ApEMCa (61.6; range, 46-79 years). All tumors arose in the parotid glands and demonstrated a multinodular pattern of growth with an average size of 3.3 cm (range, 2.3-6.5 cm). Available follow-up (n = 6; 3 OEMCas, 3 ApEMCas) shows a favorable course (no evidence of disease; mean, 17.4 months). Both were morphologically similar, but only OEMCa had sebaceous elements. Phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin staining, antimitochondrial antibody immunohistochemistry, and ultrastructural examination confirm the abundance of mitochondria in OEMCa but not in ApEMCa. The ductal component in ApEMCa was distinguished from that of OEMCa by apical snouts, intracytoplasmic vacuoles, nuclear pleomorphism, prominent nucleoli, and androgen receptor immunoreactivity.
CONCLUSIONS
Oncocytic-sebaceous epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma and ApEMCa should be considered in the differential diagnosis of oncocytic/oncocytoid salivary gland tumors. Oncocytic-sebaceous epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma morphology may reflect a senescent phenotype, similar to other oncocytic lesions. The ductal component of ApEMCa shares some similarities with salivary duct carcinoma and supports the notion that epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma can serve as the progenitor tumor for hybrid tumors.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Apocrine Glands; Carcinoma; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Middle Aged; Myoepithelioma; Parotid Neoplasms
PubMed: 19492889
DOI: 10.5858/133.6.950 -
Head and Neck Pathology Dec 2020Non-sebaceous lymphadenoma is a sporadic benign tumor of salivary glands. Histopathologic and immunohistochemical properties, diagnostic criteria, and theories for the... (Review)
Review
Non-sebaceous lymphadenoma is a sporadic benign tumor of salivary glands. Histopathologic and immunohistochemical properties, diagnostic criteria, and theories for the histologic origin of the disease have been defined and well-discussed in the literature. However, none of the cases showed malignant transformation to date. We reported a case of 54 years old female patient with a right preauricular mass. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a 2 cm, well-defined contrast-enhanced mass in the right parotid gland. Fine needle aspiration cytology was undiagnostic but suspicious for malignancy. Total parotidectomy with facial nerve preservation was done. In the histopathological examination, non-sebaceous lymphadenoma regions and malignant cells with abundant cytoplasm, large vesicular nuclei, and prominent nucleoli, which occupied approximately 70% of the mass, were seen. The diagnosis was undifferentiated carcinoma arisen from non-sebaceous lymphadenoma. Adjuvant radiotherapy was given. No recurrence was detected during ten months of follow-up. This case is the first case of a malignancy developed from non-sebaceous lymphadenoma.
Topics: Adenolymphoma; Carcinoma; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Parotid Neoplasms
PubMed: 31997132
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-020-01133-3 -
International Journal of Molecular... Aug 2021Ocular adnexal (OA) sebaceous carcinomas generally demonstrate more aggressive clinical and histopathological phenotypes than extraocular cases, but the molecular...
Ocular adnexal (OA) sebaceous carcinomas generally demonstrate more aggressive clinical and histopathological phenotypes than extraocular cases, but the molecular drivers implicated in their oncogenesis remain poorly defined. A retrospective review of surgical and ocular pathology archives identified eleven primary resection specimens of OA sebaceous carcinomas with adequate tissue for molecular analysis; two extraocular cases were also examined. Next-generation sequencing was used to evaluate mutations and copy number changes in a large panel of cancer-associated genes. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) confirmed copy number gain in select cases, and immunohistochemistry to evaluate MYC protein expression. The commonest mutations occurred in (10/13) and (7/13). Additional mutations in clinically actionable genes, or mutations with a frequency of at least 25%, included the (3/12), (4/12), (3/12), (4/12), (6/12), (4/12), (3/12), and (3/12) loci. Low level copy number gain suggestive of amplification of the locus was seen in two cases, and confirmed using FISH. MYC protein expression, as assessed by immunohistochemistry, was present in almost all sebaceous carcinoma cases. Our findings support the concept that alterations in and are the commonest alterations in sebaceous carcinoma, and suggest that may contribute to the oncogenesis of these tumors.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Eye Neoplasms; Female; Gene Dosage; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mutation; Neoplasms, Adnexal and Skin Appendage; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; Retinoblastoma Binding Proteins; Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
PubMed: 34445161
DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168454