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Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Sep 2018
Topics: Eyelid Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; Sebaceous Glands
PubMed: 30127131
DOI: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_1370_18 -
Eye (London, England) Sep 2020To evaluate the incidence and management of recurrent periocular sebaceous gland carcinoma at a tertiary ocular oncology service in the United Kingdom.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the incidence and management of recurrent periocular sebaceous gland carcinoma at a tertiary ocular oncology service in the United Kingdom.
METHODS
This was a retrospective cohort study of 62 patients with sebaceous gland carcinoma treated between 2004 and 2017. A total of 10 eyes were treated for local recurrence. The following variables were recorded: age and sex of patient; tumour location, histological subtype; recurrence type; treatment and outcome.
RESULTS
Of the 62 cases with eyelid SGC, 10 (16%) had recurrences during the study period and satisfied inclusion criteria. There were six (60%) females and four males in the recurrent group. The mean time interval between initial excision and tumour recurrence was 37 months (median 23 months; range 4 to 84 months). Four patients received cryotherapy to the lids and conjunctiva to control recurrent disease and two patients were treated with topical or intralesional chemotherapy. Four patients (40%) underwent orbital exenteration during the study period. Metastasis occurred in 20% over a mean follow-up of 113 months (median 106; range 47-184 months).
CONCLUSIONS
The risk factors for local recurrence of SGC after wide excision with paraffin section control were reported, and an approach to these recurrent lesions was proposed. The results of this study will help guide surgeons dealing with the medical and surgical conundrum of recurrent disease. The risk of recurrence is highest in the first 2 years after initial excision.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous; Eyelid Neoplasms; Female; Humans; Male; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Retrospective Studies; Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms; Sebaceous Glands; United Kingdom
PubMed: 31896805
DOI: 10.1038/s41433-019-0756-9 -
Cancer Management and Research 2023Sebaceous carcinoma (SC) of the submandibular gland is extremely rare. Owing to the low morbidity and nonspecific clinical manifestations, diagnosis is commonly delayed,...
OBJECTIVE
Sebaceous carcinoma (SC) of the submandibular gland is extremely rare. Owing to the low morbidity and nonspecific clinical manifestations, diagnosis is commonly delayed, which increases metastasis and mortality. To date, there have been five reported cases of SC of the submandibular gland. Here, we present a new case and review the relevant literature.
METHODS AND RESULTS
A 36-year-old woman presented with an enlarged left submandibular gland. Clinical features included a non-tender solitary nodular mass with normal overlying skin. There were no special findings on computed tomography or ultrasound examination except for a swollen mass in the left submandibular gland. The patient underwent surgical resection. Pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of SC with nerve infiltration. Immunohistochemical examination of this case showed positive staining for P63, P40, CK7, CK8/18, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2. The specimen was negative for androgen receptor, CEA, S-100, CK5/6, SOX-10, SOX-11, SMA, and GCDFP-15. The KI-67 labeling index was determined to be 15%. PAS and anti-epithelial membrane antigen were positive in partial area. The patient is still undergoing follow-up, and no metastasis or recurrence has been observed for 2 months.
CONCLUSION
This case highlighted the fact that despite its rarity, SC should be considered as a differential diagnosis for masses located in the head and face. Early and accurate diagnosis, followed by wide surgical excision, has a favorable prognosis. Therefore, clinicians should be familiar with the clinical and pathological features of this disease.
PubMed: 36776729
DOI: 10.2147/CMAR.S392573 -
Journal of Medical Case Reports Jun 2016Sebaceous carcinoma is a rare malignancy primarily with aggressive growth affecting the cutaneous tissues of the periocular region. Sebaceous carcinoma of the parotid... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Sebaceous carcinoma is a rare malignancy primarily with aggressive growth affecting the cutaneous tissues of the periocular region. Sebaceous carcinoma of the parotid gland is exceedingly rare, with only 32 cases reported in the literature. Our case brings this total to 33.
CASE PRESENTATION
We present a case of a 57-year-old Moroccan woman with a firm, painless, slowly enlarging swelling at her left parotid area, with normal overlying skin and no palpable neck nodes. Parotidectomy with facial nerve preservation was performed, and microscopic examination showed sebaceous carcinoma. Then, she underwent adjuvant radiotherapy. With a follow up of 20 months, head and neck computed tomography revealed no recurrence.
CONCLUSIONS
The optimal treatment is unclear. With more cases reported, clinicopathological characteristics and histogenesis are increasingly understood. Therefore the treatment for this rare tumor continues to evolve.
Topics: Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Morocco; Parotid Gland; Parotid Neoplasms; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 27295996
DOI: 10.1186/s13256-016-0946-z -
Cancer Control : Journal of the Moffitt... Apr 2016Periocular sebaceous carcinoma (PSC) is a rare but aggressive neoplasm that tends to clinically and histopathologically mimic other conditions. PSC can be challenging to... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Periocular sebaceous carcinoma (PSC) is a rare but aggressive neoplasm that tends to clinically and histopathologically mimic other conditions. PSC can be challenging to diagnose using histomorphology alone given its overlap with 2 more common tumors that occur in this area (basal cell carcinoma [BCC] and squamous cell carcinoma [SCC]). Use of immunohistochemistry can help resolve this differential diagnosis.
METHODS
A review of the literature was performed, focusing on the epidemiology, morphology, and immunohistochemical features of PSC.
RESULTS
The most useful immunostains in the differential diagnosis of PSC are epithelial membrane antigen, Ber-Ep4, androgen receptor (AR), and adipophilin. To discern PSC from BCC, one should use EMA, Ber-Ep4, AR, and adipophilin, whereas discerning PSC from SCC can be achieved by evaluating AR and adipophilin. In addition, p53 and ERBB2 (formally known as HER2/neu) are other potentially useful immunohistochemical markers for the differential diagnosis of PSC.
CONCLUSIONS
Use of new immunohistochemical techniques, as well as the elucidation of molecular alterations, such as the presence of ERBB2 amplification, will advance our understanding of PSC.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous; Eyelid Neoplasms; Eyelids; Humans; Immunohistochemistry
PubMed: 27218789
DOI: 10.1177/107327481602300206 -
Cancer Medicine Jul 2023Eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC) is a malignancy with fatal risk, high recurrence rate, and pagetoid spread. Thus, recurrence risk prediction and prompt treatment...
PURPOSE
Eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC) is a malignancy with fatal risk, high recurrence rate, and pagetoid spread. Thus, recurrence risk prediction and prompt treatment are extremely important. This study aimed to develop a nomogram to predict SGC recurrence based on potential risk factors.
METHODS
We conducted a retrospective study to train and test a nomogram based on the clinical data of 391 patients across our hospital (304) and other grass-roots hospitals (87). After Cox regression, predictors included in the nomogram were selected, and sensitivity, specificity, concordance index (C-index), etc., were calculated to test their discrimination ability.
RESULTS
After a median follow-up period of 4.12 years, SGC recurred in 52 (17.11%) patients. The 1-, 2-, and 5-year recurrence-free survival rates were 88.3%, 85.4%, and 81.6%, respectively. We examined five risk factors, such as lymph node metastasis at initial diagnosis (hazard ratio [HR], 2.260; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.021-5.007), Ki67 (HR, 1.036; 95% CI, 1.020-1.052), histology differentiation degree (HR, 2.274; 95% CI, 1.063-4.865), conjunctival pagetoid infiltration (HR, 2.100; 95% CI, 1.0058-4.167), and orbital involvement (HR, 4.764; 95% CI, 1.436-15.803). The model had good discrimination in both internal and external test sets. The model had good discrimination in both internal and external test sets. The sensitivity of the internal test and external test set were 0.722 and 0.806, respectively, and specificity of the internal test and external test set were 0.886 and 0.893, respectively.
CONCLUSION
We examined the potential risk factors for eyelid SGC recurrence and constructed a nomogram, which complements the TNM system in terms of prediction, indicating that our nomogram has the potential to reach clinical significance. This nomogram has the potential to assist healthcare practitioners in promptly detecting patients who are at an elevated risk and in tailoring clinical interventions to meet their individualized needs.
Topics: Humans; Nomograms; Retrospective Studies; Sebaceous Glands; Eyelid Neoplasms; Risk Factors; Carcinoma; Eyelids
PubMed: 37387455
DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6126 -
Indian Journal of Ophthalmology Mar 2016The eyelids are composed of four layers: skin and subcutaneous tissue including its adnexa, striated muscle, tarsus with the meibomian glands, and the palpebral... (Review)
Review
The eyelids are composed of four layers: skin and subcutaneous tissue including its adnexa, striated muscle, tarsus with the meibomian glands, and the palpebral conjunctiva. Benign and malignant tumors can arise from each of the eyelid layers. Most eyelid tumors are of cutaneous origin, mostly epidermal, which can be divided into epithelial and melanocytic tumors. Benign epithelial lesions, cystic lesions, and benign melanocytic lesions are very common. The most common malignant eyelid tumors are basal cell carcinoma in Caucasians and sebaceous gland carcinoma in Asians. Adnexal and stromal tumors are less frequent. The present review describes the more important eyelid tumors according to the following groups: Benign and malignant epithelial tumors, benign and malignant melanocytic tumors, benign and malignant adnexal tumors, stromal eyelid tumors, lymphoproliferative and metastatic tumors, other rare eyelid tumors, and inflammatory and infections lesions that simulate neoplasms.
Topics: Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; Eyelid Neoplasms; Eyelids; Humans; Neoplasm Staging
PubMed: 27146927
DOI: 10.4103/0301-4738.181752 -
Genetics in Medicine : Official Journal... Sep 2014The Muir-Torre syndrome variant of Lynch syndrome is characterized by the presence of sebaceous neoplasms (adenoma, epithelioma/sebaceoma, carcinoma) and Lynch...
PURPOSE
The Muir-Torre syndrome variant of Lynch syndrome is characterized by the presence of sebaceous neoplasms (adenoma, epithelioma/sebaceoma, carcinoma) and Lynch syndrome-associated cancers (colon, endometrial, and others). Several clinical scoring systems have been developed to identify patients with colon cancer at high risk of Lynch syndrome. However, no such system has been described for patients presenting with sebaceous neoplasms.
METHODS
Based on logistic regression analysis, a scoring system was developed for patients with sebaceous neoplasm to identify those with the highest likelihood of having Muir-Torre syndrome. The final version of the scoring system included variables such as age at presentation of initial sebaceous neoplasm, total number of sebaceous neoplasms, personal history of a Lynch-related cancer, and family history of Lynch-related cancers.
RESULTS
Patients with a score of 3 or more were more likely to have Muir-Torre syndrome (28 of 29 patients), those with a score of 2 had intermediate likelihood (12 of 20 patients), and no patient with a score of 0 or 1 was diagnosed with Muir-Torre syndrome.
CONCLUSION
The Mayo Muir-Torre syndrome risk scoring system appears to identify whether patients who present with sebaceous neoplasms are in need of further Lynch syndrome evaluation using easily ascertained clinical information. Abnormal mismatch repair gene immunohistochemistry of a sebaceous neoplasm is a poor predictor in regard to diagnosing Lynch syndrome.
Topics: Adult; Age of Onset; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Comorbidity; Female; Genetic Association Studies; Genetic Loci; Germ-Line Mutation; Humans; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Muir-Torre Syndrome; MutS Homolog 2 Protein; Mutation; Risk; Risk Factors; Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms
PubMed: 24603434
DOI: 10.1038/gim.2014.19 -
BMJ Open Jun 2024Sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC) of the eyelid is an aggressive tumour with the ability to metastasise and an increased morbidity. Controversies regarding the...
INTRODUCTION
Sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC) of the eyelid is an aggressive tumour with the ability to metastasise and an increased morbidity. Controversies regarding the epidemiology of this malignant eyelid tumour is widespread in the scientific literature. Western reports repeatedly describes eyelid SGC as a rare occurring tumour in general, accounting for 1%-3% of all eyelid tumours, however studies from Asia have uncovered a higher frequency of eyelid SGC including 54% of all eyelid tumours in Japan, and 43%-56% in India. We wish to retrieve observational data of eyelid SGC prevalence in proportion to total eyelid tumours, from pathological studies published worldwide to resolve this controversy.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS
We will search Ovid Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scopus and Google Scholar to identify published reports on eyelid SGC prevalence proportions, aiming to clarify the incidence of the tumour. We will include observational clinicopathological studies reporting prevalence with confirmed histopathology. No limitations on publication date or language will be applied. Data from the individual studies and study quality will be extracted by two individual reviewers. Study quality will be assessed using the JBI Critical Appraisal Instrument for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data. Raw proportions will be transformed and pooled using a random effects model for meta-analysis. And subgroup analysis according to geography will be performed. If data are deemed unsuitable for a meta-analysis, a narrative synthesis will be presented. We will judge the certainty of evidence and present whether this has an overall effect on the results. The results may shed light on a long-standing academic disparity of the scientific literature.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION
This systematic review does not require ethical approval. The results of this proposed review will be the subject to a publication in an international peer-reviewed journal within the ophthalmic or pathological specialty.
PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER
CRD42023487141.
Topics: Humans; Systematic Reviews as Topic; Eyelid Neoplasms; Prevalence; Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Research Design; Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous
PubMed: 38866573
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-086213 -
Journal of the American Academy of... Dec 2023Sebaceous carcinomas (SC) may be associated with the cancer predisposition syndrome Muir-Torre/Lynch syndrome (MTS/LS), identifiable by SC mismatch repair (MMR)...
BACKGROUND
Sebaceous carcinomas (SC) may be associated with the cancer predisposition syndrome Muir-Torre/Lynch syndrome (MTS/LS), identifiable by SC mismatch repair (MMR) screening; however, there is limited data on MMR status of SC.
OBJECTIVE
To describe the epidemiology of SC, copresentation of other cancers, and population level frequency of MMR screening in SC.
METHODS
A population-based retrospective cohort study of SC patients in the National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service in England.
RESULTS
This study included 1077 SC cases (739 extraocular, 338 periocular). Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) were higher in men compared with women, 2.74 (95% CI, 2.52-9.69) per 1,000,000 person-years for men versus 1.47 person-years (95% CI, 1.4-1.62) for women. Of the patients, 19% (210/1077) developed at least one MTS/LS-associated malignancy. MMR immunohistochemical screening was performed in only 20% (220/1077) of SC tumors; of these, 32% (70/219) of tumors were MMR deficient.
LIMITATIONS
Retrospective design.
CONCLUSIONS
Incorporation of MMR screening into clinical practice guidelines for the management of SC will increase the opportunity for MTS/LS diagnoses, with implications for cancer surveillance, chemoprevention with aspirin, and immunotherapy treatment targeted to MTS/LS cancers.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Muir-Torre Syndrome; Retrospective Studies; Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous; Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms; Colorectal Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Adnexal and Skin Appendage; Carcinoma, Basal Cell
PubMed: 37031776
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.03.046