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International Journal of Clinical and... 2018CD133, which is considered a useful biomarker for the prediction of metastasis and prognosis for various cancers, is a biomarker of cancer stem cells (CSCs)....
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
CD133, which is considered a useful biomarker for the prediction of metastasis and prognosis for various cancers, is a biomarker of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Metastasis-associated in colon cancer 1 (MACC1) has been considered an oncogene that promotes invasion and metastasis in many solid tumors. KAI1 is a suppressor gene of metastasis and is also considered a valuable biomarker for the prediction of tumor invasion and metastasis. The purpose of this study is to investigate the expression of CD133, MACC1, and KAI1 in sebaceous gland carcinoma of the eyelid (SGCE) and to analyze their respective associations with clinicopathologic characteristics and survival in SGCE.
METHODS
Positive expression of CD133, MACC1, and KAI1 in 77 whole SGCE tissues and the corresponding normal tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry. Patient demographics, clinical data, and follow-up data were collected.
RESULTS
The positive expression of CD133 and MACC1 was significantly higher and KAI1 significantly lower in SGCE tissues compared to the control tissues. The Positive expression of CD133 and MACC1 was positively associated with local invasion, lymph node metastasis (LNM), and TNM stages. KAI1 expression was inversely associated with tumor grade, local invasion, LNM, and TNM stages. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that CD133+ or MACC1+ patients had a significantly lower overall survival (OS) time when compared with CD133- or MACC1- patients. And KAI1+ patients had a significantly longer OS time compared with KAI1- patients. Multivariate analysis showed that positive expression of CD133, MACC1, and KAI1, as well as the TNM stages were independent prognostic factors in SGCE patients.
CONCLUSION
The expression of CD133, MACC1, and KAI1 should be considered promising biomarkers for invasion, metastasis, and prognosis, as well as potential therapeutic targets for SGCE.
PubMed: 31949585
DOI: No ID Found -
Eye (London, England) Mar 2023To assess the prognostic value of T category of the 8 edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) classification in periocular sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC).
PURPOSE
To assess the prognostic value of T category of the 8 edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) classification in periocular sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC).
METHODS
Retrospective interventional case series of 119 cases.
RESULTS
Based on the T category of 8th edition of AJCC classification, 119 periocular SGCs were classified into T1 (n = 33, 28%), T2 (n = 37, 31%) T3 (n = 17, 14%) and T4 (n = 32, 27%). There were no statistically significant differences in the rate of tumour recurrence based on T category. The outcome measures that showed significant increase with increase in T category included regional lymph node metastasis (3% for T1, 3% for T2, 12% for T3, and 44% for T4; p < 0.0001), systemic metastasis (0% for T1, 0% for T2, 12% for T3, and 25% for T4; p = 0.002) and death due to metastasis (0% for T1, 0% for T2, 12% for T3, and 22% for T4; p = 0.005). The 5-year Kaplan-Meier estimate rate for regional lymph node metastasis, systemic metastasis and metastasis-related death were all higher for the T4 category tumours (42%, p = 0.005; 34%, p = 0.0002; and 43%, p = 0.0001 respectively) compared to T1 (9%, 0%, and 0%), T2 (5%, 0%, and 0%) and T3 (10%, 17 and 8%) tumours.
CONCLUSION
Primary tumour (T) category of the 8 edition AJCC classification predicts the prognosis of patients with periocular SGC. The rates of lymph node metastasis, systemic metastasis, and death is much higher in T4 tumours compared to T1, T2, and T3 tumours. There was no association between T category and tumour recurrence.
Topics: Humans; United States; Lymphatic Metastasis; Neoplasm Staging; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Retrospective Studies; Sebaceous Glands; Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous; Prognosis; Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms
PubMed: 35347292
DOI: 10.1038/s41433-022-02025-2 -
Annals of Surgery Feb 1942
PubMed: 17857968
DOI: 10.1097/00000658-194202000-00009 -
Molecular Medicine Reports Jan 2021Sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC) of the eyelid is an uncommon aggressive tumor with a relatively high rate of local recurrence and a poor prognosis following metastasis....
Sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC) of the eyelid is an uncommon aggressive tumor with a relatively high rate of local recurrence and a poor prognosis following metastasis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of SGC remain unclear. The purpose of the present study was to clarify microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles in SGC and to explore novel miRNA‑mRNA networks of SGC. A small RNA‑sequencing analysis was performed to identify miRNAs differentially expressed between SGC and sebaceous adenoma control samples. Bioinformatics analyses were conducted to reveal biological functions, canonical pathways and molecular interaction networks using integrated miRNA‑mRNA datasets, including mRNA expression profiles of SGC from our previous study. The present results demonstrated that 16 upregulated miRNAs and 516 downregulated mRNAs were associated with loss of lipid metabolism function and enriched in cholesterol biosynthesis pathways. By contrast, 29 downregulated miRNAs and 194 upregulated mRNAs were mainly associated with the promotion of cell survival and proliferation in addition to enrichment of DNA damage‑induced cell cycle‑regulation pathways. Furthermore, network analyses revealed that the upregulated miRNAs, miR‑130a‑3p and miR‑939‑5p, and the downregulated miRNAs, miR‑146a‑5p, miR‑149‑3p, miR‑193a‑3p, miR‑195‑5p and miR‑4671‑3p, could be upstream regulators related to these functional changes of SGC. These results improved the understanding of molecular mechanisms of SGC and may help to improve the diagnosis of SGC.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Computational Biology; DNA Damage; Eyelid Neoplasms; Female; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Lipid Metabolism; Male; MicroRNAs; Middle Aged; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; Protein Interaction Maps; RNA, Messenger; Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms; Sequence Analysis, RNA
PubMed: 33179085
DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11682 -
National Journal of Maxillofacial... Aug 2022Nasal sebaceous carcinoma is an extremely rare cutaneous malignancy. We present the case of an 86-year-old female who had a skin nodule with surface telangiectasia on...
Nasal sebaceous carcinoma is an extremely rare cutaneous malignancy. We present the case of an 86-year-old female who had a skin nodule with surface telangiectasia on the right ala of the nose. The lesion had been removed and has been reconstructed with an advancement rotational flap with a minimal residual defect. Upon histopathological examination, the lesion was diagnosed with sebaceous carcinoma. The patient was followed up because of the high rate of recurrence as well as metastatic potential. No recurrence occurred during 4 years of follow-up, and the patient was unwilling to reconstruct the remaining alar defect. We present a rare skin cancer case that could be encountered during the head and neck examination by oral and maxillofacial surgeons. By reporting this case, we aimed to raise the awareness and familiarize clinicians with these less common lesions.
PubMed: 36393964
DOI: 10.4103/njms.NJMS_245_20 -
Acta Ophthalmologica Feb 2023This study compares the 8th edition staging of AJCC for prognosis of eyelid Sebaceous Gland Carcinoma (SGC) patients with respect to the 7th edition.
PURPOSE
This study compares the 8th edition staging of AJCC for prognosis of eyelid Sebaceous Gland Carcinoma (SGC) patients with respect to the 7th edition.
METHODS
A retrospective study was undertaken over a period of 100 months. Ninety-nine histopathologically proven cases of eyelid SGC available for follow-up were recruited. Patients were staged by both the 7th and 8th editions of AJCC and followed up at six monthly intervals after surgery.
RESULTS
Of the 99 eyelid SGC patients recruited, recurrence and orbital invasion developed in 22%, lymph node metastasis in 21% and 4% had distant metastasis and also died. High-risk features include tumour size>20 mm, orbital invasion, exenteration and staging by both the 7th and 8th editions of AJCC. Cox regression analysis revealed that staging by AJCC 8th edition was associated with greater risk for local recurrence (HR 3.01,95% CI-1.65-5.51%, p < 0.01) lymph node metastasis (HR 8.26, 95% CI 3.96-17.19%, p < 0.01) and disease-free survival (HR 4.61, 95% CI 2.81-7.54). The Kaplan-Meir survival curves of eyelid SGC patients by the 8th edition AJCC staging were also significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (p < 0.01), tumour-related deaths (p < 0.01) and reduced disease-free survival (p = 0.07). The higher Harrell's values by the 8th edition signify better predictive value for lymph node metastasis and DFS (disease-free survival). The lower AIC values indicate a better monotonicity of gradients for lymph node metastasis, recurrence and DFS.
CONCLUSION
Staging by the 8th AJCC edition is, therefore, recommended for eyelid SGC as it gives a better perspective about disease outcome. The orbital extension was the single most important predictor of lymph node metastasis, recurrence and death.
Topics: Humans; Retrospective Studies; Neoplasm Staging; Lymphatic Metastasis; Sebaceous Glands; Survival Rate; Eyelid Neoplasms; Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous; Prognosis; Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms; Eyelids
PubMed: 35751173
DOI: 10.1111/aos.15204 -
Neuro-Signals Aug 2022Malignant tumors of the eyelids and ocular surface are common ocular malignancies. At present, surgical treatment is mostly the first choice for these types of tumors.... (Review)
Review
Malignant tumors of the eyelids and ocular surface are common ocular malignancies. At present, surgical treatment is mostly the first choice for these types of tumors. However, postoperative tumor recurrence and metastasis are still regarded as failures in the treatment of such malignancies. Based on this, malignant tumors of the eyelid and ocular surface are sometimes accompanied by local adjuvant chemotherapy and systemic chemotherapy to treat patients with relapse, invasion of adjacent tissues, and systemic metastases. Still, drug resistance greatly affects the treatment effect. This review lists several mechanisms of recurrence and metastasis of ocular surface and eyelid tumors after surgery, as well as mechanisms that may lead to non-surgical treatment or drug resistance.
Topics: Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Eye Neoplasms; Eyelids; Humans; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Skin Neoplasms
PubMed: 36005157
DOI: 10.33594/000000560 -
ACG Case Reports Journal May 2023A sebaceous carcinoma is rarely seen in extracutaneous sites. We present a 75-year-old man who was admitted with epigastralgia and melena. Endoscopic examination...
A sebaceous carcinoma is rarely seen in extracutaneous sites. We present a 75-year-old man who was admitted with epigastralgia and melena. Endoscopic examination revealed an ulcer on the posterior wall of the gastric antrum, and distal gastrectomy was performed. Histopathological examination revealed thin to thick trabeculae of polygonal cells with scattered foci of foamy cells, whereas Sudan 3 staining showed lipid vacuoles. Immunohistochemistry was positive for both p40 and SALL4. After considering these findings, we suggest sebaceous differentiation as the diagnosis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of gastric carcinoma with sebaceous differentiation.
PubMed: 37235001
DOI: 10.14309/crj.0000000000001061 -
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual... Dec 2023Eyelid sebaceous carcinoma (SeC) is the third most frequent eyelid malignancy worldwide and is relatively prevalent in Asian patients. An eyelid SeC cell line model is...
PURPOSE
Eyelid sebaceous carcinoma (SeC) is the third most frequent eyelid malignancy worldwide and is relatively prevalent in Asian patients. An eyelid SeC cell line model is necessary for experimental research to explore the etiology and pathogenesis of eyelid SeC. This study established and characterized an eyelid SeC cell line with a TP53 mutation that might be useful for analyzing potential treatment options for eyelid SeC.
METHODS
The eyelid SeC cell line SHNPH-SeC was obtained from a patient with eyelid SeC at Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital (SHNPH), Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine. Immunofluorescence staining was employed to detect the origination and proliferation activity. Short tandem repeat (STR) profiling was performed for verification. Chromosome analysis was implemented to investigate chromosome aberrations. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was used to discover genomic mutations. Cell proliferation assays were performed to identify sensitivity to mitomycin-C (MMC) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU).
RESULTS
SHNPH-SeC cells were successively subcultured for more than 100 passages and demonstrated rapid proliferation and migration. Karyotype analysis revealed abundant chromosome aberrations, and WES revealed SeC-related mutations in TP53, KMT2C, and ERBB2. An in vivo tumor model was successfully established in NOD/SCID mice. Biomarkers of eyelid SeC, including cytokeratin 5 (CK5), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), adipophilin, p53, and Ki-67, were detected in SHNPH-SeC cells, original tumors, and xenografts. MMC and 5-FU inhibited the proliferation and migration of SHNPH-SeC cells, and SHNPH-SeC cells presented a greater drug response than non-TP53-mutated SeC cells.
CONCLUSIONS
The newly established eyelid SeC cell line SHNPH-SeC demonstrates mutation in TP53, the most commonly mutated gene in SeC. It presents SeC properties and malignant characteristics that may facilitate the investigation of cellular behaviors and molecular mechanisms of SeC to explore promising therapeutic strategies.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Humans; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; Biomarkers, Tumor; Mice, SCID; Mice, Inbred NOD; China; Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous; Carcinoma; Chromosome Aberrations; Cell Line, Tumor; Eyelids; Eyelid Neoplasms; Skin Neoplasms; Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms; Fluorouracil
PubMed: 38095907
DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.15.16 -
BMC Ophthalmology Mar 2020The purpose was to describe the Nordic treatment practices and to reach a Nordic consensus for the treatment of sebaceous eyelid carcinoma.
BACKGROUND
The purpose was to describe the Nordic treatment practices and to reach a Nordic consensus for the treatment of sebaceous eyelid carcinoma.
METHODS
The treatment practices data was collected by a questionnaire with 37 questions to the Nordic oculoplastic surgeons and analyzed. A PubMed MEDLINE database search was done to gather data on the published treatment practices and recommendations. A working group that consisted of in minimum one senior consultant from each leading Nordic University Eye Hospital was assigned. A structured interactive method was used to establish the consensus.
RESULTS
Twenty-four doctors responded to the questionnaire. 23/24 (96%) of the respondents took a biopsy before surgery. Regional lymph node scanning was routinely done by 14/23 (61%) and a systemic screening of a metastatic disease by 13/23 (57%). 6/22 (27%) never took conjunctival mapping biopsies and 12/23 (52%) never screened for Muir- Torre. Respondents used Mohs surgery, frozen section or multi-stage excision with delayed closure, and 5-6 mm was the mostly preferred margin. Sentinel lymph node biopsy was a possible option for 9/22 (41%) and cryotherapy and Mitomycin C for 6/22 (27%) respondents. 50% of respondents considered radiation as a treatment option. 15/16 (94%) respondents always followed-up their patients, most for 5 years. Two thirds scanned regional lymph nodes during the follow-up. Consensus was reached for 18 statements representing three domains: preoperative work-up, treatment and follow-up.
CONCLUSION
Treatment practices differ in between the five Nordic countries which have similar public health care systems. In the article the authors present a Nordic consensus for the treatment of eyelid sebaceous carcinoma.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Sebaceous; Adult; Aged; Combined Modality Therapy; Consensus; Eyelid Neoplasms; Eyelids; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Sebaceous Gland Neoplasms; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 32178641
DOI: 10.1186/s12886-020-01367-3