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Developmental Cell Mar 2020The epicardium is essential during cardiac development, homeostasis, and repair, and yet fundamental insights into its underlying cell biology, notably epicardium...
The epicardium is essential during cardiac development, homeostasis, and repair, and yet fundamental insights into its underlying cell biology, notably epicardium formation, lineage heterogeneity, and functional cross-talk with other cell types in the heart, are currently lacking. In this study, we investigated epicardial heterogeneity and the functional diversity of discrete epicardial subpopulations in the developing zebrafish heart. Single-cell RNA sequencing uncovered three epicardial subpopulations with specific genetic programs and distinctive spatial distribution. Perturbation of unique gene signatures uncovered specific functions associated with each subpopulation and established epicardial roles in cell adhesion, migration, and chemotaxis as a mechanism for recruitment of leukocytes into the heart. Understanding which mechanisms epicardial cells employ to establish a functional epicardium and how they communicate with other cardiovascular cell types during development will bring us closer to repairing cellular relationships that are disrupted during cardiovascular disease.
Topics: Animals; Cell Lineage; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; Pericardium; RNA-Seq; Single-Cell Analysis; Transcriptome; Zebrafish
PubMed: 32084358
DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.01.023 -
International Journal of Biological... 2021Postoperative adhesions (PA) are fibrotic tissues that are the most common driver of long-term morbidity after abdominal and pelvic surgery. The optimal drug or material... (Review)
Review
Postoperative adhesions (PA) are fibrotic tissues that are the most common driver of long-term morbidity after abdominal and pelvic surgery. The optimal drug or material to prevent adhesion formation has not yet been discovered. Comprehensive understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms of adhesion process stimulates the design of future anti-adhesive strategies. Recently, disruption of peritoneal mesothelial cells were suggested as the 'motor' of PA formation, followed by a cascade of events (coagulation, inflammation, fibrinolysis) and influx of various immune cells, ultimately leading to a fibrous exudate. We showed that a variety of immune cells were recruited into adhesive peritoneal tissues in patients with small bowel obstruction caused by PA. The interactions among various types of immune cells contribute to PA development following peritoneal trauma. Our review focuses on the specific role of different immune cells in cellular and humoral mechanisms underpinning adhesion development.
Topics: Animals; Fibrosis; Humans; Peritoneum; Tissue Adhesions
PubMed: 33390851
DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.54403 -
Developmental Biology Jan 2008Extraembryonic development is familiar to mouse researchers, but the term is largely unknown among insect developmental geneticists. This is not surprising, as the model... (Review)
Review
Extraembryonic development is familiar to mouse researchers, but the term is largely unknown among insect developmental geneticists. This is not surprising, as the model system Drosophila melanogaster has an extremely reduced extraembryonic component, the amnioserosa. In contrast, most insects retain the ancestral complement of two distinct extraembryonic membranes, amnion and serosa. These membranes are involved in several key morphogenetic events at specific developmental stages. The events of anatrepsis and katatrepsis--collectively referred to as blastokinesis--are specific to hemimetabolous insects. Corresponding events in holometabolous insects are simplified and lack formal names. All insects retain dorsal closure, which has been well studied in Drosophila. This review aims to resurrect both the terminology and awareness of insect extraembryonic development--which were last common currency in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries--as a number of recent studies have identified essential components of these events, through RNA interference of developmental genes and ectopic hormonal treatments. As much remains unknown, this topic offers opportunities for research on tissue specification, the regulation of cell shape changes and tissue interactions during morphogenesis, tracing the origins and final fates of cell and tissue lineages, and ascertaining the membranes' functions between morphogenetic events.
Topics: Amnion; Animals; Blastoderm; Embryo, Nonmammalian; Embryonic Development; Extraembryonic Membranes; Forecasting; Insecta; Models, Biological; Morphogenesis; Phylogeny; Serous Membrane
PubMed: 18082679
DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2007.11.004 -
International Journal of Molecular... Oct 2021Liver transplantation is the most effective treatment for end-stage cirrhosis. However, due to serious donor shortages, new treatments to replace liver transplantation...
Liver transplantation is the most effective treatment for end-stage cirrhosis. However, due to serious donor shortages, new treatments to replace liver transplantation are sorely needed. Recent studies have focused on novel therapeutic methods using hepatocytes and induced pluripotent stem cells, we try hard to develop methods for transplanting these cells to the liver surface. In the present study, we evaluated several methods for their efficiency in the detachment of serous membrane covering the liver surface for transplantation to the liver surface. The liver surface of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV)-deficient rats in a cirrhosis model was detached by various methods, and then fetal livers from DPPIV-positive rats were transplanted. We found that the engraftment rate and area as well as the liver function were improved in rats undergoing transplantation following serous membrane detachment with an ultrasonic homogenizer, which mimics the Cavitron Ultrasonic Surgical Aspirator (CUSA), compared with no detachment. Furthermore, the bleeding amount was lower with the ultrasonic homogenizer method than with the needle and electric scalpel methods. These findings provide evidence that transplantation to the liver surface with serous membrane detachment using CUSA might contribute to the development of new treatments for cirrhosis using cells or tissues.
Topics: Animals; Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Hepatectomy; Hepatocytes; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Transplantation; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Serous Membrane; Ultrasonic Therapy; Ultrasonics
PubMed: 34769019
DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111589 -
PloS One 2015The molecular biology and cellular origins of mixed type endometrial carcinomas (MT-ECs) are poorly understood, and a Type II component of 10 percent or less may confer...
BACKGROUND
The molecular biology and cellular origins of mixed type endometrial carcinomas (MT-ECs) are poorly understood, and a Type II component of 10 percent or less may confer poorer prognoses.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS
We studied 10 cases of MT-EC (containing endometrioid and serous differentiation), 5 pure low-grade endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EAC) and 5 pure uterine serous carcinoma (USC). Endometrioid and serous components of the MT-ECs were macrodissected and the expression of 60 candidate genes compared between MT-EC, pure USC and pure EAC. We found that four genes were differentially expressed when MT-ECs were compared to pure low-grade EAC: CDKN2A (P = 0.006), H19 (P = 0.010), HOMER2 (P = 0.009) and TNNT1 (P = 0.006). Also while we found that even though MT-ECs closely resembled the molecular profiles of pure USCs, they also exhibit lower expression of PAX8 compared to all pure cases combined (P = 0.035).
CONCLUSION
Our data suggest that MT-EC exhibits the closest molecular and epidemiological similarities to pure USC and supports clinical observations that suggest patients with MT-EC should receive the same treatment as patients with pure serous carcinoma. Novel specific markers of MT-EC could be of diagnostic utility and could represent novel therapeutic targets in the future.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Endometrioid; Carrier Proteins; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; Endometrial Neoplasms; Female; Homer Scaffolding Proteins; Humans; Middle Aged; PAX8 Transcription Factor; Paired Box Transcription Factors; RNA, Long Noncoding; Serous Membrane; Troponin
PubMed: 26132201
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130909 -
Stem Cell Research Nov 2014From historical studies of developing chick hearts to recent advances in regenerative injury models, the epicardium has arisen as a key player in heart genesis and... (Review)
Review
From historical studies of developing chick hearts to recent advances in regenerative injury models, the epicardium has arisen as a key player in heart genesis and repair. The epicardium provides paracrine signals to nurture growth of the developing heart from mid-gestation, and epicardium-derived cells act as progenitors of numerous cardiac cell types. Interference with either process is terminal for heart development and embryogenesis. In adulthood, the dormant epicardium reinstates an embryonic gene programme in response to injury. Furthermore, injury-induced epicardial signalling is essential for heart regeneration in zebrafish. Given these critical roles in development, injury response and heart regeneration, the application of epicardial signals following adult heart injury could offer therapeutic strategies for the treatment of ischaemic heart disease and heart failure.
Topics: Animals; Heart; Humans; Myocardial Ischemia; Pericardium; Regeneration; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 24933704
DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2014.04.007 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Mar 2023Guided tissue regeneration, with or without a bone graft, is a modality for the treatment of furcation involvement. Because the direct application of a bone graft into...
Guided tissue regeneration, with or without a bone graft, is a modality for the treatment of furcation involvement. Because the direct application of a bone graft into the periodontal defect has drawbacks, such as the risk of microbial contamination and/or graft containment, a new modality of directly loading bone graft particles over the barrier membrane is now used. This study aimed to evaluate clinically and radiographically the effects of a two-layered membrane consisting of a layer of nanohydroxyapatite particles on a pericardium membrane in the treatment of stage III periodontitis, compared with direct application of a nanohydroxyapatite bone graft. : Forty individuals with grade II furcation involvement were divided into two groups. Group I was treated with a two-layered membrane consisting of a pericardium membrane with nanohydroxy particles loaded onto its surface; group II was treated with direct application of a nano bone graft covered with pericardium membrane. Clinical and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) radiographic assessments of the two groups were carried out after a 6-month follow-up period. : Clinically, the results showed a significant reduction in furcation involvement (F). The CBCT assessment also revealed reductions in depth (D), height (H), width (W), and 3D radiographic volume of furcation involvement in all study groups at baseline and at 6 months postoperative ( < 0.05) with no significant differences between groups. : According to the results of the current study, a two-layer membrane formed by direct loading of bone graft particles onto a pericardium membrane can be used as an effective, reliable, and easy-to-use substitute for direct bone graft application into periodontal defects.
Topics: Humans; Furcation Defects; Periodontitis; Pericardium
PubMed: 36984573
DOI: 10.3390/medicina59030572 -
Journal of Bronchology & Interventional... Jul 2021
Topics: Chest Tubes; Drainage; Humans; Pleura; Pleural Effusion
PubMed: 33234800
DOI: 10.1097/LBR.0000000000000735 -
Minerva Medica Jun 2021
Review
Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Herpesvirus 4, Human; Humans; Infant; Infectious Mononucleosis; Male; Middle Aged; Serositis; Serous Membrane; Young Adult
PubMed: 31638357
DOI: 10.23736/S0026-4806.19.06047-6 -
Analytical Cellular Pathology : the... 2002Cytological examination is a valuable diagnostic tool in case of a serous effusion. The first manifestation of malignancy may be an effusion of the pleural, pericardial,... (Review)
Review
Cytological examination is a valuable diagnostic tool in case of a serous effusion. The first manifestation of malignancy may be an effusion of the pleural, pericardial, or peritoneal cavity, especially in carcinoma of the ovary, or lung, and malignant mesothelioma. In other malignancies effusions may occur in the course of the disease. The contribution by Mother by et al. in this issue of ACP focuses on the contribution of image and flow cytometry to establish the presence or absence of malignancy in serous effusions. They point out that the sensitivity of DNA image cytometry in equivocal effusions may be as high as 87.5%, and that for the detection of malignancy, DNA image cytometry is superior to flow cytometry.
Topics: Ascitic Fluid; Biomarkers, Tumor; DNA; Flow Cytometry; Humans; Image Cytometry; Immunohistochemistry; Pleural Effusion, Malignant; Serous Membrane
PubMed: 12216539
DOI: 10.1155/2002/376731