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Archives of Craniofacial Surgery Mar 2017Eccrine poroma is a common benign cutaneous tumor that originates in an intraepidermal eccrine duct. This tumor exhibits acral distribution (sole, palm), and is rarely...
Eccrine poroma is a common benign cutaneous tumor that originates in an intraepidermal eccrine duct. This tumor exhibits acral distribution (sole, palm), and is rarely encountered in the head and neck area. In fact eccrine poroma in the postauricular area has only been rarely reported. A 55-year-old female visited our hospital with a main complaint of a mass that first developed in the left postauricular area about a year previously. The mass was painless, soft, protruding, domed, and dark red in color, and had slowly enlarged (at presentation it measured 1×1 cm). Excisional biopsy was performed. Histological examination showed distinct features, and eccrine poroma was diagnosed. Follow-up at 6 months postoperatively showed no recurrence. The frequency of eccrine poroma is dependent on eccrine sweat glands density, and thus, usually occurs on the palms or soles. For eccrine poroma in the head and neck region, the differential diagnosis must rule out other masses, such as nevus, skin tag, pyogenic granuloma, cyst, basal cell carcinoma, and seborrheic keratosis. Importantly, 18% of poromas show malignant transformation, and can develop into porocarcinoma. For these reasons, an eccrine poroma in the facial area requires histological examination, complete excision, and follow-up.
PubMed: 28913302
DOI: 10.7181/acfs.2017.18.1.44 -
European Review For Medical and... 2014Skin tag (STs) are benign connective tissue tumors of the dermis. Some researchers have argued that there is a relationship between skin tag and colon polyps, although...
OBJECTIVES
Skin tag (STs) are benign connective tissue tumors of the dermis. Some researchers have argued that there is a relationship between skin tag and colon polyps, although the physiopathological mechanisms underlying this relation were not well elucidated. In this study we aimed to investigate the co-existence of colonic adenomatous polyps and ST, additionally to shed light on the physiopathological mechanisms underlying this coincidence.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
A total of 45 patients aged between 18 and 60 diagnosed with adenomatous colonic polyps and 45 sex, age, and socio-demographically matched subjects, had no polyps, were enrolled as the control group. Routine blood analysis of all participants, including serum glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride, insulin, IGF-1, and EGF, were performed. The chi-square and independent sample t or Mann Whitney U test were used to determine differences between groups.
RESULTS
The number of participants with ST was significantly higher in the patient group (OR 7.067, p < 0.01). Serum levels of IGF-1 and EGF were statistically similar between the groups. In the subgroup analyses, no difference was found in serum levels of insulin, IGF-1, or EGF between patients with and without ST. However, higher serum levels of insulin and EGF were found in control subjects with ST (p < 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively). For the entire study group, 67 participants had ST and 23 patients did not. Serum insulin, and IGF-1 were similar, while serum EGF levels were higher in patients with ST (p < 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
Findings of the present study may show a co-existence of colonic polyps and ST. Although previous studies have indicated that insulin resistance may play a role in the pathogenesis of both lesions in diabetic and obese patients, we found no indication of a relationship in nondiabetic and nonobese patients with increased levels of EGF in patients with ST, suggesting an alternative pathogenesis in this patient group.
Topics: Adenoma; Adult; Colonic Neoplasms; Colonic Polyps; Epidermal Growth Factor; Female; Humans; Insulin; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Male; Middle Aged; Odds Ratio; Skin Diseases; Turkey
PubMed: 24763889
DOI: No ID Found -
Iranian Journal of Basic Medical... May 2012Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are related to the genesis of various benign lesions and some malignant tumors, but no clear relationship has been identified so...
OBJECTIVES
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are related to the genesis of various benign lesions and some malignant tumors, but no clear relationship has been identified so far between the subtypes of HPV and skin tag.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The present case-control study was designed to detect the existence of low risk and high risk HPV types in lesions of 50 patients with skin tag (case group) and normal skin around the melanocytic nevus of 30 patients (control group), using PCR.
RESULTS
All of the samples were negative for HPV subtypes, except two samples in control group which were positive for high risk HPV. There was no significant relationship between the HPV subtypes and skin tag.
CONCLUSION
There is no association between skin tag and low risk and high risk human papillomaviruses.
PubMed: 23493098
DOI: No ID Found -
Urologia Internationalis 2023Ectopic scrotum is an infrequent congenital scrotal anomaly. Different surgical methods of correcting ectopic scrotum have been used, but none have produced optimal... (Review)
Review
Ectopic scrotum is an infrequent congenital scrotal anomaly. Different surgical methods of correcting ectopic scrotum have been used, but none have produced optimal cosmetic results for all types. We describe a case of left ectopic suprainguinal scrotum in a 14-month-old boy who had an undescended left testicle and a left-sided scrotal skin tag. Single-stage rotational flap scrotoplasty and unilateral orchiopexy were performed; however, we modified the surgical technique of scrotal rotation by excising the intervening longitudinal skin. Eight months after surgery, the repositioned scrotum had a better appearance, and the affected testicle was similar in size to the contralateral one. In comparison with other surgical methods, pedicle flap rotation of the ectopic scrotal skin with excision of the intervening longitudinal skin may produce a better cosmetic outcome.
Topics: Male; Humans; Infant; Scrotum; Plastic Surgery Procedures; Surgical Flaps; Cryptorchidism
PubMed: 37015202
DOI: 10.1159/000529809 -
Revista Da Associacao Medica Brasileira... 2023Functional constipation is the most common form of constipation, and its exact aetiology is still unclear. However, it is known that deficiencies in hormonal factors...
OBJECTIVE
Functional constipation is the most common form of constipation, and its exact aetiology is still unclear. However, it is known that deficiencies in hormonal factors cause constipation by changing physiological mechanisms. Motilin, ghrelin, serotonin acetylcholine, nitric oxide, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide are factors that play a role in colon motility. There are a limited number of studies in the literature where hormone levels and gene polymorphisms of serotonin and motilin are examined. Our study aimed to investigate the role of motilin, ghrelin, and serotonin gene/receptor/transporter polymorphisms in constipation pathogenesis in patients diagnosed with functional constipation according to the Rome 4 criteria.
METHODS
Sociodemographic data, symptom duration, accompanying findings, the presence of constipation in the family, Rome 4 criteria, and clinical findings according to Bristol scale of 200 cases (100 constipated patients and 100 healthy control) who applied to Istanbul Haseki Training and Research Hospital, Pediatric Gastroenterology Outpatient Clinic, between March and September 2019 (6-month period) were recorded. Polymorphisms of motilin-MLN (rs2281820), serotonin receptor-HTR3A (rs1062613), serotonin transporter-5-HTT (rs1042173), ghrelin-GHRL (rs27647), and ghrelin receptor-GHSR (rs572169) were detected by real-time PCR.
RESULTS
There was no difference between the two groups in terms of sociodemographic characteristics. Notably, 40% of the constipated group had a family history of constipation. The number of patients who started to have constipation under 24 months was 78, and the number of patients who started to have constipation after 24 months was 22. There was no significant difference between constipation and control groups in terms of genotype and allele frequencies in MLN, HTR3A, 5-HTT, GHRL, and GHSR polymorphisms (p<0.05). Considering only the constipated group, the rates of gene polymorphism were similar among those with/without a positive family history of constipation, constipation onset age, those with/without fissures, those with/without skin tag, and those with type 1/type 2 stool types according to the Bristol stool scale.
CONCLUSION
Our study results showed that gene polymorphisms of these three hormones may not be related to constipation in children.
Topics: Child; Humans; Motilin; Ghrelin; Serotonin; Constipation; Polymorphism, Genetic
PubMed: 36888769
DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20220986 -
Journal of Medical Systems May 2022The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a six-step hand hygiene technique. Although multiple studies have reported that this technique yields inadequate skin...
The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a six-step hand hygiene technique. Although multiple studies have reported that this technique yields inadequate skin coverage outcomes, they have relied on manual labeling that provided low-resolution estimations of skin coverage outcomes. We have developed a computational system to precisely quantify hand hygiene outcomes and provide high-resolution skin coverage visualizations, thereby improving hygiene techniques. We identified frequently untreated areas located at the dorsal side of the hands around the abductor digiti minimi and the first dorsal interosseous. We also estimated that excluding Steps 3, 6R, and 6L from the six-step hand hygiene technique leads to cumulative coverage loss of less than 1%, indicating the potential redundancy of these steps. Our study demonstrates that the six-step hand hygiene technique could be improved to reduce the untreated areas and remove potentially redundant steps. Furthermore, our system can be used to computationally validate new proposed techniques, and help optimise hand hygiene procedures.
Topics: Cross Infection; Hand; Hand Disinfection; Hand Hygiene; Humans; Muscle, Skeletal; Upper Extremity; World Health Organization
PubMed: 35522356
DOI: 10.1007/s10916-022-01817-z -
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine Sep 2021Atopic dermatitis (AD), also referred to as atopic eczema, is a long-term inflammatory condition that is characterized by itchy, red, swollen and cracked skin....
Atopic dermatitis (AD), also referred to as atopic eczema, is a long-term inflammatory condition that is characterized by itchy, red, swollen and cracked skin. Accumulating evidence suggests that AD is caused by genetic factors, environmental exposure and immune system dysfunction; however, its underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. Current treatment strategies aim to decrease the severity and frequency of flares. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-regulated gene that plays crucial roles against stress, inflammation and oxidation, and exerts cytoprotective effects. Previous studies have reported that treatment of AD induces high expression levels of HO-1 and Nrf2, indicating that HO-1 may play an important role in the treatment of AD. The present study constructed the recombinant protein, cell-penetrating peptide-HO-1 (CPP-HO-1), which was expressed in and isolated with a 6xHis-tag using HiTrap His column (1 ml). AD was established using 4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) in mice. It was observed that the CPP-HO-1 fusion protein decreased the severity of AD, inhibited scratching in mice and decreased skin inflammation. Taken together, the results of the present study suggested that the CPP-HO-1 fusion protein may play a protective role against DNCB-induced AD in mice.
PubMed: 34306205
DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10373 -
Pharmacological Research Feb 2021Sesquiterpene lactones (SL) are natural bioactive molecules indicated as potential scaffolds for anti-inflammatory and analgesic drug design. However, their...
Sesquiterpene lactones (SL) are natural bioactive molecules indicated as potential scaffolds for anti-inflammatory and analgesic drug design. However, their anti-inflammatory applicability remains underestimated since the impact of SL on inflammatory nociception and tissue repair are overlooked. Thus, we used an integrated in silico, in vitro and in vivo framework to investigate the impact of tagitinin F (TAG-F) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged macrophages, excisional skin wounds, and carrageenan-induced paw edema and mechanical hyperalgesia in mice. RAW 264.7 macrophages in culture were challenged with LPS and treated with TAG-F (5, 10, 50 and 100 μM). The paw of BALB/c mice was injected with carrageenan and treated with 0.5% and 1% TAG-F. Excisional wounds were also produced in BALB/c mice and treated with 0.5% and 1% TAG-F. Our results indicated a consistent concentration-dependent downregulation in 5-lipoxygenase, cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 (COX-1 and COX-2), matrix metalloproteinase 1 and 2 (MMP-1 and MMP-2) activities; as well as attenuation in prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) production in both in vitro and in vivo models. In vivo, TAG-F also attenuated carrageenan-induced paw edema and mechanical hyperalgesia in mice. From the excisional skin wound, TAG-F was still effective in reducing neutrophils and macrophages infiltration and stimulating collagen deposition in the scar tissue, accelerating tissue maturation. Together, our findings indicate that the anti-inflammatory effect of TAG-F is more comprehensive than previously suggested, exerting a significant impact on the control of edema, inflammatory pain and modulating central metabolic processes linked to skin wound healing.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase; Carrageenan; Cicatrix; Collagen; Cyclooxygenase 1; Cyclooxygenase 2; Dinoprostone; Edema; Hyperalgesia; Leukotriene B4; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; Matrix Metalloproteinase 13; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; RAW 264.7 Cells; Sesquiterpenes; Touch; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
PubMed: 33212290
DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105303 -
Revista Do Colegio Brasileiro de... Aug 2019to evaluate the long-term results of the correction of chronic anal fissures (CAF) in patients without anal hypertonia using the technique of anoplasty with skin tag...
OBJECTIVE
to evaluate the long-term results of the correction of chronic anal fissures (CAF) in patients without anal hypertonia using the technique of anoplasty with skin tag flap.
METHODS
we conducted a prospective study of CAF patients refractory to conservative treatment without anal hypertonia, subjected to anoplasty with the use of anal plicoma to cover the bloody area. We confirmed the absence of anal hypertonia through rectal exam and electromanometry. We applied a visual pain questionnaire and the Cleveland Clinic fecal incontinence score before and after surgery.
RESULTS
we followed 15 patients with chronic anal fissure for a mean period of 29 months (12-56). The mean age was 41 years (29-69) and the duration of symptoms ranged from six months to five years. Healing occurred between three and six weeks for 13 patients (86.7%). The other two patients underwent debridement and new anoplasty successfully. No plicoma necrosis or anal stenosis occurred in any patient. The anal incontinence score did not change after the procedure, and all patients reported reduced pain. After 12 months of follow-up, none of the patients presented recurrence or anal incontinence, and 93.3% (14/15) of the patients were very satisfied.
CONCLUSION
fissurectomy and anoplasty with the use of sentinel plie is a safe technique that results in improvement in pain without change of fecal continence and with high satisfaction rates.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Female; Fissure in Ano; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pain Measurement; Prospective Studies; Surgical Flaps; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 31432983
DOI: 10.1590/0100-6991e-20192181 -
Microbiology Spectrum Apr 2022Polymyxin B is a last-line antibiotic for extensively resistant Gram-negative bacterial infection. Skin hyperpigmentation is a serious side effect induced by polymyxin B...
Polymyxin B is a last-line antibiotic for extensively resistant Gram-negative bacterial infection. Skin hyperpigmentation is a serious side effect induced by polymyxin B that severely compromises the psychological health and compliance of patients. The literature lacks mechanistic studies that explain how hyperpigmentation occurs, and this substantially hinders the development of intervention strategies and improved compliance. SK-MEL-2 cells were used for the polymyxin B-induced hyperpigmentation mechanism study. Melanin content and tyrosinase activity were measured after polymyxin B treatment. Tandem mass tag (TMT)-labeling quantitative proteomics was employed to investigate the response of SK-MEL-2 cells to polymyxin B treatment. Real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot were applied to validate the mRNA and protein levels of related genes and proteins. The melanin content and tyrosinase activity were significantly upregulated after polymyxin B treatment in SK-MEL-2 cells at 48 h and 72 h. Quantitative proteomics showed that 237 proteins were upregulated and 153 proteins were downregulated in the 48 h group, and 49 proteins were upregulated and 49 proteins were downregulated in the 72 h group. The differentially expressed proteins were involved in pathways such as lysosome, PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, and calcium signaling pathway. The upregulation of melanogenic enzymes and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) was validated by qPCR and Western blot. Meanwhile, phosphorylation of PI3K, β-catenin, and cyclic-AMP response binding protein (CREB) in response to polymyxin B treatment was observed. The present study reveals the proteomic response of polymyxin B-induced melanogenesis in SK-MEL-2 cells for the first time. Signaling pathways, including melanin biosynthesis, PI3K/Akt, and calcium signaling pathways may be involved in the mechanism of melanogenesis. Polymyxin B-induced skin hyperpigmentation seriously affects the psychological health and compliance of patients. This study provides a proteomic clue to the mechanism at the cellular level for understanding polymyxin B-induced hyperpigmentation, contributing to a follow-up investigation of the corresponding PI3K/Akt signaling transduction pathway and calcium signaling pathway. The elucidation of its underlying mechanism is of great significance for patients' compliance improvement, intervention strategy, and new drug development.
Topics: Humans; Hyperpigmentation; Melanins; Monophenol Monooxygenase; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Polymyxin B; Proteomics; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 35377227
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02730-21