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Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 2016Malignant tumors of the temporal bone are rare, with an estimated incidence of about 0.8-1.0 per 1,000,000 inhabitants per year. The vast majority of these tumors are... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Malignant tumors of the temporal bone are rare, with an estimated incidence of about 0.8-1.0 per 1,000,000 inhabitants per year. The vast majority of these tumors are squamous cell carcinomas and their treatment is eminently surgical.
OBJECTIVE
This study is an attempt at systematizing the forms of clinical presentation, the therapeutic possibilities, and oncological outcomes of patients with malignant tumors of the temporal bone in a tertiary hospital in Portugal.
METHODS
The authors present a retrospective study of temporal bone tumors treated and followed during otorhinolaryngology consultations between 2004 and 2014. A review of the literature is also included.
RESULTS
Of the 18 patients included in the study, 16 had a primary tumor of the temporal bone, in most cases with squamous cell carcinoma histology. Of these, 13 patients were treated with curative intent that always included the surgical approach. Disease persistence was observed in one patient and local recurrence in five patients, on average 36.8 months after the initial treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
The anatomical complexity of the temporal bone and the close associations with vital structures make it difficult to perform tumor resection with margins of safety and thus, tumor relapses are almost always local. A high level of suspicion is crucial for early diagnosis, and stringent and prolonged follow-up after treatment is essential for diagnosis and timely treatment of recurrances.
Topics: Disease-Free Survival; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Staging; Retrospective Studies; Skull Neoplasms; Temporal Bone
PubMed: 26832631
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2015.09.010 -
Neuroradiology Apr 2017Tumors of the pediatric facial skeleton represent a major challenge in clinical practice because they can lead to functional impairment, facial deformation, and... (Review)
Review
Tumors of the pediatric facial skeleton represent a major challenge in clinical practice because they can lead to functional impairment, facial deformation, and long-term disfigurement. Their treatment often requires a multidisciplinary approach, and radiologists play a pivotal role in the diagnosis and management of these lesions. Although rare, pediatric tumors arising in the facial bones comprise a wide spectrum of benign and malignant lesions of osteogenic, fibrogenic, hematopoietic, neurogenic, or epithelial origin. The more common lesions include Langerhans cell histiocytosis and osteoma, while rare lesions include inflammatory myofibroblastic and desmoid tumors; juvenile ossifying fibroma; primary intraosseous lymphoma; Ewing sarcoma; and metastases to the facial bones from neuroblastoma, Ewing sarcoma, or retinoblastoma. This article provides a comprehensive approach for the evaluation of children with non-odontogenic tumors of the facial skeleton. Typical findings are discussed with emphasis on the added value of multimodality multiparametric imaging with computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), positron emission tomography CT (PET CT), and PET MRI. Key imaging findings and characteristic histologic features of benign and malignant lesions are reviewed and the respective role of each modality for pretherapeutic assessment and post-treatment follow-up. Pitfalls of image interpretation are addressed and how to avoid them.
Topics: Adolescent; Child; Diagnostic Imaging; Facial Bones; Humans; Skull Neoplasms
PubMed: 28289810
DOI: 10.1007/s00234-017-1798-y -
Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and... Jul 1998The available data in the literature (177 cases), two current clinical patients, and cases which occurred in The Netherlands (13) were reviewed concerning the clinical... (Review)
Review
The available data in the literature (177 cases), two current clinical patients, and cases which occurred in The Netherlands (13) were reviewed concerning the clinical presentation, pathological features, radiological data, and treatment options of chondrosarcoma of the cranial base. The mean age of patients was 37 years, the male/female ratio 1:1.1. The most frequent complaints were diplopia with oculomotor disorders (51%), headache (31%), and decreased hearing, dizziness, and tinnitus with statoacusticus dysfunction (21%). The mean duration of symptoms before diagnosis was 27 months. The chondrosarcomas were located in the petrosal bone in 37% (47 cases), in the occipital bone and clivus in 23% (30 cases), in the sphenoid bone in 20% (25 cases) and to a lesser extent in frontal, ethmoidal, and parietal bones (14%). In 6% (eight cases) the primary location was in dural tissue. Radiological examinations showed bone destruction and variable calcification (CT), involvement of neuronal and vascular structures (MRI), and mostly hypovascularity on angiography. On histological examination 51% of tumours were classified as grade I, 11% grade II, 30% mesenchymal, and 8% myxoid. The mesenchymal type was the most malignant as illustrated by a strong tendency to intradural and cerebral growth and possibly occurrence in younger age groups. The treatment of choice until recently was surgery because of the critical location and local aggressive nature. Regrowth of tumour after surgery occurred in 53% of the patients (average after 32 months). Charged particle irradiation gave a five year survival of 83-94% and a local control rate of 78%-91%. Both in surgery and radiotherapy there is treatment related morbidity and mortality that should be considered when offering these therapies. Recent promising results imply that charged particle radiotherapy, in combination with surgery, may be the therapeutical choice of the future.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Chondrosarcoma; Combined Modality Therapy; Diagnostic Imaging; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neurologic Examination; Prognosis; Skull Base; Skull Base Neoplasms
PubMed: 9667567
DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.65.1.88 -
Head and Neck Pathology Sep 2008Benign fibro-osseous lesions of the craniofacial complex are represented by a variety of disease processes that are characterized by pathologic ossifications and... (Review)
Review
Benign fibro-osseous lesions of the craniofacial complex are represented by a variety of disease processes that are characterized by pathologic ossifications and calcifications in association with a hypercellular fibroblastic marrow element. The current classification includes neoplasms, developmental dysplastic lesions and inflammatory/reactive processes. The definitive diagnosis can rarely be rendered on the basis of histopathologic features alone; rather, procurement of a final diagnosis is usually dependent upon assessment of microscopic, clinical and imaging features together. Fibrous dysplasia and osteitis deformans constitute two dysplastic lesions in which mutations have been uncovered. Other dysplastic bone diseases of the craniofacial complex include florid osseous dysplasia, focal cemento-osseous dysplasia and periapical cemental dysplasia, all showing a predilection for African descent individuals; although no specific genetic alterations in DNA coding have yet to be uncovered and most studies have been derived from predominant high African descent populations. Ossifying fibromas are neoplastic lesions with four subtypes varying with regard to behavior and propensity for recurrence after surgical excision. The clinicopathologic and molecular features of this unique yet heterogeneous group of diseases are reviewed.
Topics: Cementoma; DNA, Neoplasm; Fibroma, Ossifying; Fibrous Dysplasia of Bone; Humans; Mutation; Osteitis Deformans; Skull Neoplasms
PubMed: 20614314
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-008-0057-2 -
Journal of Clinical Neuroscience :... Dec 2020Primary intraosseous meningioma (PIM) is a rare subtype of extradural meningiomas that originates within bone. We aimed to characterize the clinical, radiographic, and...
Primary intraosseous meningioma (PIM) is a rare subtype of extradural meningiomas that originates within bone. We aimed to characterize the clinical, radiographic, and pathologic features of PIM and the resulting outcomes following resection. Herein we examined a retrospective case series of all patients with a pathologically confirmed WHO grade I PIM that were managed at one of three tertiary care centers. Patients with tumors that demonstrated extraosseous extension or involvement of the dura mater were excluded. The main outcomes included surgical safety and duration of local tumor control. Nine patients were identified with benign PIMs, presenting with headaches or painless enlarging subcutaneous masses if involving the calvarium or with neurologic deficits if involving the skull base, or otherwise incidentally identified. Surgery was pursued for symptomatic relief and/or tissue diagnosis. Lesions were evaluated by radiographic imaging - including sensitive detection by plain X-ray films - and definitive diagnosis ascertained by histopathological examination. Maximal resection of both calvarial and skull base lesions was safely tolerated. PIM represents a rare benign skull lesion, whose identification depends on the integration of radiographic findings with intraoperative findings and histopathological confirmation; it should be considered in the differential for slow-growing expansile intraosseous lesions of the skull.
Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Meningeal Neoplasms; Meningioma; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Skull Neoplasms; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 33317736
DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2020.10.040 -
International Journal of Clinical and... 2015Three patients' medical history, clinical manifestation, imaging characteristic, therapy and prognosis of calvaria metastasis from follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) in... (Review)
Review
Three patients' medical history, clinical manifestation, imaging characteristic, therapy and prognosis of calvaria metastasis from follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed by reviewing medical literature. In case one, the tumor in frontal bone and fossa orbital was total resected, no further treatment was performed, the patient gave up on therapy and died of extensive metastasis at 22 months after the initial operation. In case two, the tumor in parietal and occipital bone was total resected, the subtotal resection of bilateral thyroid gland and isthmus was performed and combined with therapy of Levothyroxine and (131)I radio-iodine therapy, no evidence of tumor recurrence at 30 months after the primary operation. In case three, the tumor in occipital bone was gross total resected, total resection of bilateral thyroid gland and clearance of lymph node was performed after two months, adjunctive therapy with Levothyroxine, (131)I radio-iodine and skull radiotherapy, no evidence of tumor recurrence at 21 months after the primary operation. Correct diagnosis of calvaria metastasis from FTC preoperative is difficult because it's rarity, patients can survive for years after synthetic therapy including total resection of metastatic tumor, radical operation of thyroid carcinoma, adjunctive therapy of Levothyroxine, (131)I radio-iodine and skull radiotherapy.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Follicular; Aged; Biomarkers, Tumor; Biopsy; Cranial Irradiation; Craniotomy; Disease Progression; Fatal Outcome; Female; Hormone Replacement Therapy; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; Skull Neoplasms; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyroidectomy; Thyroxine; Time Factors; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 26823882
DOI: No ID Found -
BMC Cancer Feb 2019Primary intraosseous cavernous hemangiomas (PICHs) of the skull are extremely rare. To date, diffuse cranial hemangioma of skull has not been reported. In cancer... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Primary intraosseous cavernous hemangiomas (PICHs) of the skull are extremely rare. To date, diffuse cranial hemangioma of skull has not been reported. In cancer patients, it is often misdiagnosed as metastasis.
CASE PRESENTATION
Here, we presented a case of a 50-year-old female patient suffering from slightly headache who received breast cancer modified radical mastectomy in 2004, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings revealed abnormal lesions of diffuse skull which were misdiagnosed as skull metastasis, and the relevant literatures were also reviewed.
CONCLUSIONS
Diffuse cavernous hemangioma of the skull is exceedingly rare, and imaging data are not typical. The condition is often misdiagnosed, and pathological evaluation is necessary and important. In cases where the mass cannot be completely removed by surgery, radiotherapy could be beneficial.
Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Diagnosis, Differential; Diagnostic Errors; Female; Hemangioma, Cavernous; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Metastasis; Skull; Skull Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 30803439
DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5341-x -
Head and Neck Pathology Sep 2018Giant cell rich lesions of the temporal bone encompass a wide spectrum of disease that includes infectious, reactive, and neoplastic processes. When dealing with any... (Review)
Review
Giant cell rich lesions of the temporal bone encompass a wide spectrum of disease that includes infectious, reactive, and neoplastic processes. When dealing with any lesion that can potentially involve bone, it is important to understand both the clinical presentation and to correlate the histologic findings with the radiologic imaging. This review discusses the clinical, the pathologic features including the differential diagnosis, and the treatment of some of the more commonly encountered giant cell rich entities in this region.
Topics: Diagnosis, Differential; Giant Cell Tumor of Bone; Humans; Skull Neoplasms; Temporal Bone
PubMed: 30069841
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-018-0906-6 -
Medicine Dec 2019Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) originates from the epithelial cells of the secondary branches that are distant from the intrahepatic bile duct. ICC is a rare... (Review)
Review
RATIONALE
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) originates from the epithelial cells of the secondary branches that are distant from the intrahepatic bile duct. ICC is a rare pathological type of primary liver cancer, with a high malignancy rate and poor prognosis. However, patients with ICC metastasis to the skull are extremely rarely encountered. Herein, we present a case of a metastatic skull tumor from ICC, along with a literature review.
PATIENT CONCERNS
A 50-year-old right-handed man who did not smoke was diagnosed with a poorly differentiated ICC (T2aN0M0) in segment VI of the liver in February 2017. Hepatectomy was performed. The patient then presented with a painful mass in the posterior occipital region with dizziness experienced since 1 month, for which he underwent posterior occipital craniotomy. Postoperative specimens were sent for pathological examination.
DIAGNOSES
We diagnosed the patient with a metastatic skull tumor from ICC.
INTERVENTIONS
The patient underwent posterior occipital craniotomy and total resection of the tumor.
OUTCOMES
The patient received chemotherapy 1 month after surgery, and after 6 months of follow-up, the patient was alive.
LESSONS
ICC often shows metastases to the vertebrae. Therefore, physicians should consider the possibility of metastasis in patients with ICC, especially in those who show a painful skull mass of unknown origin; moreover, among patients with vertebral metastasis, physicians should be very vigilant about an occipital mass. We believe that the craniospinal venous system may be the pathway for occipital metastasis in patients with ICC.
Topics: Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; Cholangiocarcinoma; Craniotomy; Hepatectomy; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Skull Neoplasms
PubMed: 31804374
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000018291 -
AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology Feb 2007Primary intraosseous lytic meningiomas are rare tumors, with only 16 cases described in the literature. We present a case in which CT and MR imaging with contrast agent...
Primary intraosseous lytic meningiomas are rare tumors, with only 16 cases described in the literature. We present a case in which CT and MR imaging with contrast agent helped diagnose preoperatively an enlarging skull mass as a primary intraosseous lytic meningioma in a 70-year-old woman. Radiographic findings revealed a lytic mass centered on the coronal suture line that separated and thinned both the outer and inner tables of the frontal bone.
Topics: Aged; Female; Humans; Meningioma; Skull Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 17297003
DOI: No ID Found