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Zhurnal Voprosy Neirokhirurgii Imeni N.... 2017Because of the spread to different anatomical regions, craniofacial tumors (CFTs) usually receive blood supply from several arterial systems, and CFT removal is often... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
UNLABELLED
Because of the spread to different anatomical regions, craniofacial tumors (CFTs) usually receive blood supply from several arterial systems, and CFT removal is often accompanied by abundant blood loss.
PURPOSE
The study purpose was to develop an algorithm of diagnostic angiography for planning surgical treatment of CFT patients.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Complex preoperative angiography was performed in 72 patients with craniofacial tumors, aged 10 to 78 years (mean age, 45.5 years), who underwent surgical treatment at the Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute in the period from 2012 to 2015. At the first stage, blood supply to tumors was quantified using SCT perfusion. Then, depending on an assessed degree of tumor vascularization, direct angiography or modern minimally invasive angiographic techniques (3D TOF HR MR angiography, SCT angiography) were applied.
RESULTS
In 12 cases of hypervascular tumors, accessible afferents were preoperatively embolized through the external carotid artery, which was accompanied by an increase in the blood supply to tumors via alternative routes of the external and internal carotid arteries. The obtained data were used to plan the surgical approach. A comparative analysis of the SCT perfusion data and the expression level of endothelial markers in histological specimens revealed no significant correlation.
CONCLUSION
The study demonstrated the importance of a comprehensive assessment of the blood supply to CFTs in planning of the surgical treatment and enabled the development of algorithms for preoperative angiographic diagnosis, depending on the baseline clinical and radiological data.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Algorithms; Child; Embolization, Therapeutic; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Angiography; Male; Middle Aged; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Skull Neoplasms
PubMed: 28914874
DOI: 10.17116/neiro201781478-94 -
American Journal of Otolaryngology 1999To review the diagnosis and treatment of giant cell tumors of the jugular foramen. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
To review the diagnosis and treatment of giant cell tumors of the jugular foramen.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A typical case is reported. Symptoms, signs, and diagnostic studies are reviewed. Photomicrographs and angiographic studies showing the differences between these and glomus jugulare tumors are provided. A coherent approach to their management is presented.
RESULTS
These hypervascular, traditionally radioresistant tumors may cause pulsatile tinnitus, conductive hearing loss, and lower cranial nerve paresis. Angiographic studies showed a hypervascular lesion supplied by numerous small branches of the external carotid artery, making embolization difficult. Complete resection was achieved by an infratemporal fossa approach with preoperative embolization.
CONCLUSION
Giant cell tumors of the temporal bone may mimic glomus jugulare tumors with respect to anatomic location, cranial nerve deficits, and vascularity.
Topics: Adult; Female; Giant Cell Tumor of Bone; Humans; Skull Neoplasms; Temporal Bone
PubMed: 10326755
DOI: 10.1016/s0196-0709(99)90068-6 -
Head and Neck Pathology Dec 2021Sinonasal papilloma (SP), formerly Schneiderian papilloma, represents a rare group of benign epithelial neoplasms, most commonly identified in the sinonasal tract, while... (Review)
Review
Sinonasal papilloma (SP), formerly Schneiderian papilloma, represents a rare group of benign epithelial neoplasms, most commonly identified in the sinonasal tract, while less frequently identified in the pharynx, lacrimal sac, and middle ear. Within temporal bone sinonasal-type papilloma (TBSP), there seems to be a much higher recurrence and malignant transformation risk than those identified in the sinonasal tract. Based on this clinical report and a review of the cases reported in the English literature, 49% of the 57 cases developed in the setting of concurrent or antecedent sinonasal or nasopharyngeal SP. There is an equal sex distribution (26 females and 31 males), with a broad age range (19-81 years) at presentation (median 56 years; average 54 years). Three patients had bilateral disease. Symptoms include a mass lesion with hearing loss, otitis media, otorrhea, otalgia, and tinnitus, among others. Inverted SP was identified in 42 patients, oncocytic SP in six, and exophytic SP in four (undefined in the remainder). Recurrence was identified in 38 of 49 patients with follow-up (78%), often with multiple recurrences over time, with carcinoma developing in the temporal bone in 19 patients (33%), with males developing carcinoma by a 1.7:1 ratio over females. Surgery was the treatment of choice (radical mastoidectomy) with 6 patients (10%) dead of disease (median 30 months, mean 38 months), while 47 patients were alive at last follow-up: 31 without disease (mean 33 months); 7 with locally recurrent disease (mean 20 months); 9 patients alive but with unknown disease status; and 4 patients without follow-up. In conclusion, TBSP is frequently identified in the setting of concurrent sinonasal tract disease, showing similar histologic features to sinonasal tract counterparts. There is no sex predilection, with patients most commonly presenting in the sixth decade of life. Recurrences are common, with carcinoma developing much more frequently than in sinonasal tract papilloma (33%), but recognizing that carcinoma may be documented in either or both anatomic sites. Overall outcome is excellent, with long term clinical follow-up warranted to manage recurrence or malignant transformation.
Topics: Ear Neoplasms; Ear, Middle; Earache; Hearing Loss; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Otitis Media; Papilloma; Skull Neoplasms; Temporal Bone; Tinnitus
PubMed: 34021464
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-021-01334-4 -
Journal of Medical Case Reports Oct 2016Chordoma is a rare invasive bone tumor that may occur anywhere along the neuraxis. A total of three primary histological varieties have been identified: conventional,... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Chordoma is a rare invasive bone tumor that may occur anywhere along the neuraxis. A total of three primary histological varieties have been identified: conventional, chondroid, and dedifferentiated.
CASE PRESENTATION
We report a case of an 8-year-old white girl who presented with conventional chordoma, was treated with surgical resection and mixed proton and photon beam therapy, and had a recurrence in the resection cavity 2.5 years later with dedifferentiated morphology. The recurrent tumor did not express brachyury, a recently identified protein specific to tissue of notochordal origin.
CONCLUSIONS
The short time period between radiation therapy and dedifferentiation, low dose of photons, and rarity of dedifferentiated skull base chordomas in pediatric patients should alert clinicians to the possibility of chordoma dedifferentiation after proton beam therapy.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Cell Dedifferentiation; Cell Line, Tumor; Child; Chordoma; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Proton Therapy; Radiation Dosage; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; Sarcoma; Skull Base Neoplasms
PubMed: 27729085
DOI: 10.1186/s13256-016-1076-3 -
The Journal of Veterinary Medical... Mar 2017A 29-year-old stallion presented with bilateral blindness following the chronic purulent nasal drainage. The mass occupied the right caudal nasal cavity and right...
A 29-year-old stallion presented with bilateral blindness following the chronic purulent nasal drainage. The mass occupied the right caudal nasal cavity and right paranasal sinuses including maxillary, palatine and sphenoidal sinuses, and the right-side turbinal and paranasal septal bones, and cribriform plate of ethmoid bone were destructively replaced by the mass growth. The right optic nerve was invaded and involved by the mass, and the left optic nerve and optic chiasm were compressed by the mass which was extended and invaded the skull base. Histologically, the optic nerves and optic chiasm were degenerated, and the mass was diagnosed as lymphoma which was morphologically and immunohistochemically classified as a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Based on these findings, the cause of the blindness in the stallion was concluded to be due to the degeneration of the optic nerves and chiasm associated with lymphoma occurring in the nasal and paranasal cavities. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the equine blindness with optic nerve degeneration accompanied by lymphoma.
Topics: Animals; Blindness; Horse Diseases; Horses; Lymphoma, B-Cell; Male; Nose Neoplasms; Optic Chiasm; Optic Nerve Neoplasms; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms; Skull Neoplasms
PubMed: 28163275
DOI: 10.1292/jvms.16-0537 -
Endocrine Journal 2015Thyroid carcinoma with distant metastases at initial presentation, is uncommon. Skull metastases occur very rarely, with a reported incidence of 2.5-5.8%. Here we report...
Thyroid carcinoma with distant metastases at initial presentation, is uncommon. Skull metastases occur very rarely, with a reported incidence of 2.5-5.8%. Here we report two cases of follicular thyroid cancer with skull involvement, and describe the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to metastatic thyroid cancer. We present the cases of a 70-year-old female and a 74-year-old female who presented with painless, large slow-growing masses of the skull. The patients underwent surgical excision of the skull masses, which were histologically diagnosed as metastatic follicular thyroid cancer, and total thyroidectomy, which confirmed the diagnosis of follicular thyroid carcinoma. They were treated with radioiodine and suppressive levothyroxine, which achieved local control of the disease. Management of metastatic thyroid cancer, requires a multidisciplinary approach and multimodality treatment. Distant metastases should be surgically removed whenever possible. Initial aggressive treatment is crucial in the management of metastatic thyroid carcinoma, providing the best chance to prolong patient survival.
Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Follicular; Aged; Female; Humans; Iodine Radioisotopes; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Radionuclide Imaging; Skull Neoplasms; Thyroid Neoplasms; Whole Body Imaging
PubMed: 25797278
DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.EJ14-0553 -
The Pan African Medical Journal 2016Primary osseous leiomyosarcoma of the spine is a very unusual condition, with only few cases being reported in the literature. In fact, this type of tumors arises from... (Review)
Review
Primary osseous leiomyosarcoma of the spine is a very unusual condition, with only few cases being reported in the literature. In fact, this type of tumors arises from the smooth muscle cells and occurs usually in the uterus and the gastrointestinal tracts. If the spine should be involved, it occurs generally as a metastatic location. Location to the spine as a primary site is exceedingly rare. We present the case of a 37 years old female patient, with multiple spine levels involvement - to vertebral body and to posterior aspects of Vertebra, causing spinal cord compression syndrome. A secondary location to the skull was diagnosed one month later. Through a literature review, we analyze various aspects in the diagnosis and management of this rare entity.
Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Leiomyosarcoma; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; Skull Neoplasms; Spinal Cord Compression; Spinal Neoplasms
PubMed: 28154689
DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2016.24.334.8297 -
AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology Mar 1996To describe the MR and CT features of fibrosing inflammatory pseudotumors of the skull base region, and to document the MR signal intensity of the lesions with... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
PURPOSE
To describe the MR and CT features of fibrosing inflammatory pseudotumors of the skull base region, and to document the MR signal intensity of the lesions with histopathologic comparison.
METHODS
We reviewed the MR and CT studies of five patients with pathologically proved fibrosing inflammatory pseudotumor involving the skull base. Unenhanced spin-echo T1- and T2-weighted and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR images were obtained at 0.5 T in three patients and at 1.5 T in two patients. MR findings were correlated with histopathologic findings in all five cases, and the enhancement pattern was compared with CT findings in three cases.
RESULTS
In three cases, the cavernous sinus was involved unilaterally, with adjacent extracranial infiltrative masses. In one case, both orbits, the cavernous sinuses, and the tentorium were involved with diffuse infiltrative lesions. One patient had an infiltrative nasopharyngeal mass; and in all five patients, MR images showed localized involvement of the skull base, with bone marrow replaced by tumor. The soft-tissue lesions were hypointense on T2-weighted images in all five cases and showed homogeneous contrast enhancement. Histopathologic studies revealed scanty inflammatory cell infiltration with densely fibrotic background in all cases. The hypointensity of the lesions on T2-weighted images seemed to be related to the degree of fibrosis.
CONCLUSION
Fibrosing inflammatory pseudotumor shows characteristic MR findings of infiltrative lesion with bone destruction and hypointensity on T2-weighted images. The lack of mobile protons due to the fibrotic background and/or high cellularity of the lesions may be the reason for their hypointensity and weaker enhancement on MR images.
Topics: Adult; Fibrosis; Humans; Inflammation; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Skull Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 8881247
DOI: No ID Found -
AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology Sep 2005Benign primary intraosseous meningioma presenting with osteolytic skull lesion and soft-tissue component is rare. CT and MR imaging of a patient with frontoparietal... (Review)
Review
Benign primary intraosseous meningioma presenting with osteolytic skull lesion and soft-tissue component is rare. CT and MR imaging of a patient with frontoparietal scalp swelling showed an osteolytic intracalvarial lesion with an extradural soft-tissue component. Following wide surgical resection, the histological examination revealed an intraosseous chordoid meningioma. The clinical and radiological findings of primary intraosseous meningioma are discussed and the relevant literature is reviewed.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Meningioma; Osteolysis; Skull Neoplasms; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 16155159
DOI: No ID Found -
Head and Neck Pathology Mar 2022In the cranio-facial skeleton, a heterogeneous group of well characterized fibro-osseous lesions can be distinguished. Whereas fibrous dysplasia can affect any skeletal...
In the cranio-facial skeleton, a heterogeneous group of well characterized fibro-osseous lesions can be distinguished. Whereas fibrous dysplasia can affect any skeletal bone, ossifying fibroma and cemento-osseous dysplasia exclusively develop in the cranio-facial region, with most subtypes restricted to the tooth bearing areas of the jaws. Herein we present a series of 20 fibro-osseous lesions that developed mostly in the frontal bone and in the mandible, presenting as expansile intramedullary tumors with a unique histologic appearance and an indolent clinical course. We provide evidence that these tumors are distinct from the categories included in the WHO classification and are therefore currently unclassifiable. The definition of cemento-ossifying fibroma as an odontogenic neoplasm developing only in close proximity to teeth should be re-considered and incorporate also extragnathic lesions as shown here.
Topics: Cementoma; Fibroma, Ossifying; Fibrous Dysplasia of Bone; Humans; Odontogenic Tumors; Skull; Skull Neoplasms; Soft Tissue Neoplasms
PubMed: 34173971
DOI: 10.1007/s12105-021-01351-3