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Frontiers in Microbiology 2016Alternative treatment methods for pathogens and microbial biofilms are required due to the widespread rise in antibiotic resistance. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy...
Photoinactivation Using Visible Light Plus Water-Filtered Infrared-A (vis+wIRA) and Chlorine e6 (Ce6) Eradicates Planktonic Periodontal Pathogens and Subgingival Biofilms.
Alternative treatment methods for pathogens and microbial biofilms are required due to the widespread rise in antibiotic resistance. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has recently gained attention as a novel method to eradicate pathogens. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effects of a novel aPDT method using visible light (vis) and water infiltrated infrared A (wIRA) in combination with chlorine e6 (Ce6) against different periodontal pathogens in planktonic form and within subgingival oral biofilms. Eight different periodontal pathogens were exposed to aPDT using vis+wIRA and 100 μg/ml Ce6 in planktonic culture. Additionally, pooled subgingival dental biofilm was also treated by aPDT and the number of viable cells determined as colony forming units (CFU). Live/dead staining was used in combination with confocal laser scanning microscopy to visualize and quantify antimicrobial effects within the biofilm samples. Untreated negative controls as well as 0.2% chlorhexidine-treated positive controls were used. All eight tested periodontal pathogens including , , , , , , , and and the aPDT-treated subgingival biofilm were eliminated over the ranges of 3.43-8.34 and 3.91-4.28 log CFU in the log scale, respectively. Thus, aPDT showed bactericidal effects on the representative pathogens as well as on the subgingival biofilm. The live/dead staining also revealed a significant reduction (33.45%) of active cells within the aPDT-treated subgingival biofilm. Taking the favorable tissue healing effects of vis+wIRA into consideration, the significant antimicrobial effects revealed in this study highlight the potential of aPDT using this light source in combination with Ce6 as an adjunctive method to treat periodontitis as well as periimplantitis. The present results encourage also the evaluation of this method for the treatment of caries and apical periodontitis.
PubMed: 27965635
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01900 -
BMJ Case Reports Oct 2016We present a case of Lemierre's disease complicated by pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm. A previously well woman aged 43 years presented with a history of a sore throat...
We present a case of Lemierre's disease complicated by pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm. A previously well woman aged 43 years presented with a history of a sore throat and worsening dyspnoea. She was diagnosed with a severe cavitating bilateral pneumonia complicated by internal jugular vein thrombosis consistent with a diagnosis of Lemierre's disease. She had an episode of massive haemoptysis which was confirmed to be due to a pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm which required radiologically guided embolisation. She then required surgical decortication for bilateral empyemata. Blood cultures revealed growth of Slackia exigua, an organism yet to be linked with both of these complications concurrently. We believe this to be a novel case of this bacterium causing thrombosis and haemorrhage.
Topics: Actinobacteria; Adult; Aneurysm, False; Angiography; Dyspnea; Embolization, Therapeutic; Empyema, Pleural; Female; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Hemoptysis; Hemorrhage; Humans; Jugular Veins; Lemierre Syndrome; Lung Diseases; Pharyngitis; Pulmonary Artery; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 27797862
DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2016-217168