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Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of... Apr 2024Carbachol, an agonist at muscarinic receptors, exerts a negative inotropic effect in human atrium. Carbachol can activate protein phosphatases (PP1 or PP2A). We...
Carbachol, an agonist at muscarinic receptors, exerts a negative inotropic effect in human atrium. Carbachol can activate protein phosphatases (PP1 or PP2A). We hypothesized that cantharidin or sodium fluoride, inhibitors of PP1 and PP2A, may attenuate a negative inotropic effect of carbachol. During bypass-surgery trabeculae carneae of human atrial preparations (HAP) were obtained. These trabeculae were mounted in organ baths and electrically stimulated (1 Hz). Force of contraction was measured under isometric conditions. For comparison, we studied isolated electrically stimulated left atrial preparations (LA) from mice. Cantharidin (100 µM) and sodium fluoride (3 mM) increased force of contraction in LA (n = 5-8, p < 0.05) by 113% ± 24.5% and by 100% ± 38.2% and in HAP (n = 13-15, p < 0.05) by 625% ± 169% and by 196% ± 23.5%, respectively. Carbachol (1 µM) alone exerted a rapid transient maximum negative inotropic effect in LA (n = 6) and HAP (n = 14) to 46.9% ± 3.63% and 19.4% ± 3.74%, respectively (p < 0.05). These negative inotropic effects were smaller in LA (n = 4-6) and HAP (n = 9-12) pretreated with 100 µM cantharidin and amounted to 58.0% ± 2.27% and 59.2% ± 6.19% or 3 mM sodium fluoride to 63.7% ± 9.84% and 46.3% ± 5.69%, (p < 0.05). We suggest that carbachol, at least in part, exerts a negative inotropic effect in the human atrium by stimulating the enzymatic activity of PP1 and/or PP2A.
Topics: Humans; Mice; Animals; Carbachol; Cantharidin; Sodium Fluoride; Myocardial Contraction; Heart Atria
PubMed: 37801145
DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02747-4 -
Scientific Reports Jan 2021Nephrocalcinosis is present in up to 43% of kidney allograft biopsies at one-year after transplantation and is associated with inferior graft function and poor graft...
Nephrocalcinosis is present in up to 43% of kidney allograft biopsies at one-year after transplantation and is associated with inferior graft function and poor graft survival. We studied [F]-sodium fluoride ([F]-NaF) imaging of microcalcifications in donor kidneys (n = 7) and explanted kidney allografts (n = 13). Three µm paraffin-embedded serial sections were used for histological evaluation of calcification (Alizarin Red; Von Kossa staining) and ex-vivo [F]-NaF autoradiography. The images were fused to evaluate if microcalcification areas corresponded with [F]-NaF uptake areas. Based on histological analyses, tubulointerstitial and glomerular microcalcifications were present in 19/20 and 7/20 samples, respectively. Using autoradiography, [F]-NaF uptake was found in 19/20 samples, with significantly more tracer activity in kidney allograft compared to deceased donor kidney samples (p = 0.019). Alizarin Red staining of active microcalcifications demonstrated good correlation (Spearman's rho of 0.81, p < 0.001) and Von Kossa staining of consolidated calcifications demonstrated significant but weak correlation (0.62, p = 0.003) with [F]-NaF activity. This correlation between ex-vivo [F]-NaF uptake and histology-proven microcalcifications, is the first step towards an imaging method to identify microcalcifications in active nephrocalcinosis. This may lead to better understanding of the etiology of microcalcifications and its impact on kidney transplant function.
Topics: Aged; Allografts; Autoradiography; Female; Fluorine Radioisotopes; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Transplantation; Male; Middle Aged; Nephrocalcinosis; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Sodium Fluoride; Tissue Donors
PubMed: 33469037
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81144-4 -
Journal of the Indian Society of... 2022Caries management in the modern era has shifted away from the traditional surgical method toward a medical paradigm, which often includes fluoride therapy. Fluoride used... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Caries management in the modern era has shifted away from the traditional surgical method toward a medical paradigm, which often includes fluoride therapy. Fluoride used in various forms has been proven to be effective in dental caries prevention. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish are effective in arresting caries in primary molars.
AIM
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of 38% SDF and 5% NaF varnish in arresting caries in primary molars.
SETTINGS AND DESIGN
This study was a split-mouth randomized controlled trial.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The randomized controlled trial comprised 34 children aged 6-9 years with teeth having caries in both right and left primary molars without pulpal involvement. Teeth were randomly allocated into two groups. In Group 1 (n = 34), 38% SDF + potassium iodide was applied and in Group 2 (n = 34), 5% NaF varnish was applied. The second application was done after 6 months in both groups. Children were recalled at 6- and 12-month intervals and evaluated for caries arrest.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Chi-square test was used to analyze the data.
RESULTS
Caries arresting potential was found to be higher in the SDF group compared to the NaF varnish group at both 6-month (SDF - 82% and NaF varnish - 45%) and 12-month intervals (SDF - 77% and NaF varnish - 42%) and the difference was found to be statistically significant (P = 0.002 and 0.004, respectively).
CONCLUSION
SDF was more effective in arresting dental caries in primary molars compared to 5% NaF varnish.
Topics: Child; Humans; Sodium Fluoride; Dental Caries; Fluorides, Topical; Fluorides; Dental Caries Susceptibility; Molar; Sodium
PubMed: 36861553
DOI: 10.4103/jisppd.jisppd_239_22 -
Scientific Reports Feb 2021Streptococci are associated with dental plaque formation as the early-colonizing bacteria that adhere to titanium (CpTi) and zirconia (TZP) implant abutment surfaces....
Streptococci are associated with dental plaque formation as the early-colonizing bacteria that adhere to titanium (CpTi) and zirconia (TZP) implant abutment surfaces. Effective prevention of peri-implantitis may be possible by removing streptococci as target. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 2% NaF on the prevention of streptococcal adhesion to CpTi and TZP. After immersion in 2% NaF for 90 min, surface characterization of mirror-polished CpTi and TZP disks were assesed using XPS, EPMA, and SEM. S. sanguinis, S. gordonii, and S. oralis were used as the streptococcal bacterial strains. After 24 h culture, bacterial adhesion was evaluated using an ATP-bioluminescent assay and SEM. In XPS, EPMA, and SEM analyses, fluoride was detected on the CpTi and TZP surfaces after 2% NaF immersion with no signs of localization, and no corrosion on the CpTi disks. Based on the adhesion assay, the adherences of S. sanguinis, S. gordonii, and S. oralis were significantly lower with NaF than without NaF in CpTi (p = 0.005, 0.001, and 0.001, respectively) and TZP (p = 0.003, 0.002, and 0.001). This was also confirmed by SEM. In conclusion, 2% NaF reduced the adhesion of streptococci to the CpTi and TZP surfaces.
Topics: Bacterial Adhesion; Cell Adhesion; Corrosion; Peri-Implantitis; Sodium Fluoride; Streptococcus; Surface Properties; Titanium; Zirconium
PubMed: 33627733
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84096-x -
European Review For Medical and... Nov 2023Early childhood caries is a common condition that poses a serious risk to children's health because it can progress quickly, resulting in pain, abscesses, and a general...
OBJECTIVE
Early childhood caries is a common condition that poses a serious risk to children's health because it can progress quickly, resulting in pain, abscesses, and a general decline in health. As a result, invasive therapies are needed, which call for highly skilled personnel. This systematic review of the literature aims to identify the most recent and widely applied early childhood caries (ECC) prevention and treatment approaches. Only substances that act topically and minimally invasive interventions were considered.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The database search was restricted to randomized clinical trials completed within the last five years, specifically those that examined the following procedures: sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish, alternative restorative technique (ART), nano-silver fluoride, silver diamine fluoride, and silver modified atraumatic restorative treatment sealants (SMART).
RESULTS
A total of 815 articles were found. After removing duplicates, 584 articles were included, and 567 of them were excluded due to not meeting the predefined inclusion criteria.
CONCLUSIONS
Every method considered has been proven to be successful in halting the progression of ECC and is well-liked by patients, even those who are unwilling to cooperate, as well as by parents. The most common unfavorable effect of SDF is irreversible black discoloration in treated tooth surfaces, but this is typically not a problem. They are all low-cost, minimally invasive techniques that might also be widely used in large communities and low socioeconomic settings.
Topics: Child; Humans; Child, Preschool; Cariostatic Agents; Dental Atraumatic Restorative Treatment; Dental Caries Susceptibility; Sodium Fluoride
PubMed: 38039039
DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202311_34477 -
BMC Plant Biology Jun 2022To our knowledge, the role of exogenous fluoride (F) on aluminum (Al)-stress mitigation in plants has not been investigated yet. In this experiment, barley (Hordeum...
BACKGROUND
To our knowledge, the role of exogenous fluoride (F) on aluminum (Al)-stress mitigation in plants has not been investigated yet. In this experiment, barley (Hordeum vulgaris) seedlings were exposed to excessive Al concentrations (aluminum chloride, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 mM) with and without fluoride (0.025% sodium fluoride) to explore the possible roles of fluoride on the alleviation of Al-toxicity.
RESULTS
Overall, Al-stress caused inhibition of growth and the production of photosynthetic pigments. Principal component analysis showed that the growth inhibitory effects were driven by increased oxidative stress and the interruption of water balance in barley under Al-stress. Fluoride priming, on the other hand, enhanced growth traits, chlorophyll a and b content, as well as invigorated the protection against oxidative damage by enhancing overall antioxidant capacity. Fluoride also improved osmotic balance by protecting the plasma membrane. Fluoride reduced endogenous Al content, restored Al-induced inhibition of glutathione-S-transferase, and increased the contents of phytochelatins and metallothioneins, suggesting that fluoride reduced Al uptake and improved chelation of Al.
CONCLUSIONS
Aluminum chloride-induced harmful effects are abridged by sodium fluoride on barely via enhancing antioxidative responses, the chelation mechanism causing reduction of Al uptake and accumulation of barely tissues. Advanced investigations are necessary to uncover the putative mechanisms underpinning fluoride-induced Al-stress tolerance in barley and other economically significant crops, where our results might serve as a solid reference.
Topics: Aluminum; Aluminum Chloride; Antioxidants; Chlorophyll A; Fluorides; Hordeum; Oxidative Stress; Seedlings; Sodium Fluoride
PubMed: 35698026
DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03610-z -
Clinical Oral Investigations Sep 2018The objective of this work was to evaluate effects of a dentifrice containing sodium fluoride (1150 ppm F) and the organic polyphosphate phytate (0.85% w/w of the... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this work was to evaluate effects of a dentifrice containing sodium fluoride (1150 ppm F) and the organic polyphosphate phytate (0.85% w/w of the hexa-sodium salt) on in situ remineralisation of early enamel erosive lesions and resistance to subsequent demineralisation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Subjects (n = 62) wore palatal appliances holding eight bovine enamel specimens with pre-formed erosive lesions. They brushed their natural teeth with the phytate test dentifrice (TD); a positive control dentifrice (PC, 1150 ppm fluoride as NaF); a reference dentifrice (RD, disodium pyrophosphate + 1100 ppm fluoride as NaF) or a negative control dentifrice (NC, fluoride-free) in a randomised, double-blind, crossover design. Specimens were removed at 2, 4 and 8 h post-brushing and exposed to an ex vivo acid challenge. Surface microhardness (Knoop) was measured at each stage. The primary efficacy variable was relative erosion resistance (RER); other variables included the surface microhardness recovery (SMHR), acid resistance ratio (ARR) and enamel fluoride uptake (EFU).
RESULTS
After 4 h, the results for RER, ARR and EFU were in the order PC > TD = RD > NC with PC > TD = RD = NC for SMHR. Results at 2 and 8 h were generally consistent with the 4 h data. Mineralisation progressed over time. Dentifrices were generally well-tolerated.
CONCLUSIONS
In this in situ model, addition of phytate or pyrophosphate to a fluoride dentifrice inhibited the remineralising effect of fluoride. Both formulations still delivered fluoride to the enamel and inhibited demineralisation, albeit to a lesser extent than a polyphosphate-free dentifrice.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Addition of phytate or pyrophosphate to a fluoride dentifrice may reduce its net anti-erosive properties.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Cross-Over Studies; Dentifrices; Double-Blind Method; Female; Hardness; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Phytic Acid; Sodium Fluoride; Surface Properties; Tooth Erosion; Tooth Remineralization; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 29423713
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-018-2351-z -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2022Fluoride-containing toothpaste is daily used in toothbrush. Some compounds derived from natural herbs that have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities has...
Fluoride-containing toothpaste is daily used in toothbrush. Some compounds derived from natural herbs that have antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities has attracted increasing attention as potential supplements for the control of oral diseases. In this paper, a natural product mixture (NPM-8) containing eight herbs extracts was added to toothpaste, and its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects were investigated. The results showed that NPM-8-containing toothpaste exhibited superior and faster inhibitory and bactericidal effects against , and than that of the NPM-8-free toothpaste. NPM-8-containing toothpaste significantly reduced the biomass of single-species or three-species biofilms. The cytotoxicity of the NPM-8-containing toothpaste was similar to that of the conventional fluoride toothpaste and CHX. The NPM-8-containing toothpaste could significantly inhibit IL-1β and IL-6 production in HGE cells and exhibited a better anti-inflammatory effect than that of the NPM-8-free toothpaste. In conclusion, NPM-8-containing fluoride toothpaste is superior to conventional fluoride toothpaste in regard to their antibacterial, antibiofilm, and anti-inflammatory properties. NPM-8-containing toothpaste also has good biocompatibility and is safe for daily use. It indicates that NPM-8 is a promising natural product mixture in oral health.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biological Products; Fluorides; Sodium Fluoride; Toothpastes
PubMed: 35223552
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.827643 -
Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology Dec 2016We describe the role of F-sodium fluoride (F-NaF) PET/CT bone scanning in the staging of breast and prostate cancer. F-NaF PET was initially utilized as a bone scanning... (Review)
Review
We describe the role of F-sodium fluoride (F-NaF) PET/CT bone scanning in the staging of breast and prostate cancer. F-NaF PET was initially utilized as a bone scanning agent in the 1960s and early 1970s, however, its use was restricted by the then-available γ-cameras. The advent of hybrid PET/CT cameras in the late 1990s has shown a resurgence of interest in its use and role. After a brief introduction, this paper describes the radiopharmaceutical properties, dosimetry, pharmacokinetics, and mechanism of uptake of F-NaF. The performance of F-NaF PET/CT is then compared with that of conventional bone scintigraphy using current evidence from the literature. Strengths and weaknesses of F-NaF PET/CT imaging are highlighted. Clinical examples of improved accuracy of diagnosis and impact on patient management are illustrated. Limitations of F-NaF PET/CT imaging are outlined.
Topics: Bone Neoplasms; Bone and Bones; Breast Neoplasms; Fluorine Radioisotopes; Humans; Male; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Prostatic Neoplasms; Radiometry; Sodium Fluoride
PubMed: 27634981
DOI: 10.2967/jnmt.116.176859 -
Scientific Reports Feb 2019Dental caries can compromise quality of life and is associated with demineralization of tooth structure by organic acids produced by microorganisms. This study... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study Meta-Analysis
Dental caries can compromise quality of life and is associated with demineralization of tooth structure by organic acids produced by microorganisms. This study systematically reviewed the dentine caries arrest capabilities of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and sodium fluoride (NaF). A comprehensive search strategy was developed to identify the relevant publications in electronic databases and hand searched journals and reviews (to March 2018). By applying strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, only six papers (two randomized controlled trials, two follow-up articles and two secondary statistical analysis studies) were considered for full text qualitative and quantitative assessment. The included studies were critically appraised and statistically evaluated. Only four articles were considered for meta-analysis, as the other two were secondary analyses of included studies. When comparing the caries arrest lesions of SDF and NaF, SDF was found to be statistically more effective in dentine caries arrest of primary teeth during the 18 and 30 month clinical examinations. The weighted total effect size of the differences between SDF and NaF regarding arrested caries surfaces was calculated and showed nearly double the effectiveness of SDF to NaF at 30 months. Therefore, SDF is a more effective caries management reagent than NaF. Further clinical research is needed to consolidate the findings of this systematic review.
Topics: Cariostatic Agents; Child; Dental Caries; Fluorides, Topical; Humans; Prognosis; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Silver Compounds; Sodium Fluoride
PubMed: 30765785
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38569-9